Karl Georg von Wächter
Karl Joseph Georg Sigismund Wächter , also Carl Georg Waechter , from 1835 von Wächter , (born December 24, 1797 in Marbach am Neckar ; † January 15, 1880 in Leipzig ) was a German lawyer , chamber president, university professor and politician.
ancestry
Karl Georg Wächter came from an old Württemberg civil servant family with originally Saxon roots. He was born the sixth of eight children and the only son of the lawyer and later consistorial director Johann Eberhard von Wächter (1762–1839) and his wife Caroline Luise, née. von Bühler (1769–1833). Karl Georg von Wächter was a nephew of Minister Karl Eberhard von Wächter and a cousin of Minister Karl Freiherr von Waechter-Spittler . Karl Georg von Wächter's paternal grandparents were the married couple Johann Eberhard von Wächter (1735–1807), Wuerttemberg Court and Finance Councilor, and Maria Regina geb. Sigel (1733–1798), on his mother's side Friedrich Gottlob (von) Bühler (1736–1799), expedition counselor in Urach, and Christine Regina born. Moist (* 1743).
Life
Wächter attended a Latin school and high school . In 1814, after much deliberation, he began studying law . Originally he had wanted to study medicine, but his father was thinking of studying theology. After all, it was King Friedrich I of Württemberg who at that time still approved every study entry himself and determined law studies for Wächter.
First, Waechter studied from 1815 at the State University of Tübingen . It was not until 1817 that studying abroad, including in other German states, was permitted. In the same year Wächter completed a semester in Heidelberg (then Baden ), but then returned to Tübingen. In December 1818, Wächter passed his first state examination with the grade "Excellent". During his studies in 1816 he became a founder of the old Tübingen fraternity Arminia and from 1818 belonged to the fraternity Germania Tübingen .
In 1819 he was appointed assessor at the court in Esslingen am Neckar . But already on August 13, 1819 he became an associate professor of law in Tübingen and in 1822 Wächter became a full professor and doctor of law.
From 1825 to 1833 Wächter was Professor of Law at the University of Tübingen, where he was also Rector and Vice Chancellor from 1825 to 1828. From 1833 to 1835 he taught at the University of Leipzig , but returned to Tübingen and was Chancellor of the university there from 1835 to 1851 and as such also a member, later President (1839–1848) of the Württemberg Chamber of Deputies of the State Parliament. He was made an honorary citizen of the city of Tübingen. In 1848 he was a member of the preliminary parliament .
In 1851 Wächter went to Lübeck , where he held the office of President at the Higher Appeal Court , the Supreme Court of the four Free Imperial Cities .
From 1852 Wächter was again a professor at the law faculty of the University of Leipzig, was appointed a member of the State Council by the King of Saxony in 1855 and was rector of the university from 1858 to 1860. In 1859 he was made an honorary citizen of the city of Leipzig as rector of the university, which celebrated its 450th anniversary. Since December 1854 he was a full member of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences .
In 1860 he was one of the co-founders of the German Lawyers' Association , of which he was also the first president. He was re-elected five times. In 1867 he was elected to the constituent Reichstag of the North German Confederation . In 1869 he was appointed a real privy councilor and raised to the Saxon nobility .
During his lifetime, Wächter was referred to as the "greatest German lawyer of all time" . He was buried on the Röcknitz manor (today a district of Thallwitz near Leipzig ), which his youngest son had acquired in 1872.
After his death in 1884 a street in the Leipzig Südwestvorstadt ( music district ) was named after him and in 1897 the City Council of Leipzig founded the “Karl-Georg-von-Wächtersche Foundation”, with the interest of 120 gold marks a year being paid for a scholarship .
family
In 1822 he married Johanne Emilie Baumeister (1802–1880) from Hamburg . This marriage resulted in two sons and two daughters. The older of the two sons, the lawyer and politician Oskar von Wächter (1825-1902), was also a member of the state parliament in the second chamber of the Württemberg state estates. He wrote a biography of his father and posthumously published his pundits and lectures on German criminal law . The much younger son, the Royal Chamberlain Baron Karl Alfred von Wächter (1842–1914), studied agriculture in Hohenheim and obtained his doctorate. phil. in Leipzig , where he had already attended the Nikolai grammar school. In 1872 he bought the manor and manor in Röcknitz ( Saxony ) and in 1875 married Rosalie, born in Stuttgart . Freiin von Soden, daughter of Baron August Warren Hastings von Soden (1818-1859) and his wife Karoline (Lilli), born. Holzschuher (1829–1912). He was the founder and board member of the local agricultural association, member of the first chamber of estates and chairman of the Leipzig agricultural district association, from 1901 on the supervisory board of the Hohburger Quarz-Porphyr-Werke AG and was appointed to the secret economy council in 1909. In the celebratory edition of the Deutsche Juristen-Zeitung for the 500th anniversary of the University of Leipzig (edited by Otto Liebmann . Berlin: Liebmann, 1909, Col. 127–129), he published, among others, a brief tribute to his father.
Fonts
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Textbook of Roman-German criminal law . JB Metzler'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart.
- Vol. 1: First part, containing the introduction and the general part . 1825.
- Vol. 2: Part two, containing the special part of criminal law . 1826.
- Commentationis de partu vivo non vitali pars I – V. Lipsiae 1863-1866. Volume I , II , III , IV , V
- The bona fides, especially when it comes to the acquisition of property. Leipzig 1871.
- Discussions from Roman, German and Württemberg private law. Volume 1–3, Stuttgart 1845–1846.
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History, sources and literature of Württemberg private law. JB Metzler'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart, reprint Frankfurt / Main 1985.
- Vol. 1: First division . 1839.
- Vol. 2: Second Division . 1842.
- Handbook of the private law applicable in the Kingdom of Württemberg. Stuttgart 1842, Vol. 1–2, reprinted Frankfurt / Main 1985.
- Contributions to German history, especially to the history of German criminal law . Tübingen 1845.
- Pandekten / Edited by Oskar von Wächter. Volume 1–2, Leipzig 1880–1881. Reprint Goldbach 1997.
- German criminal law. Lectures by Carl Georg von Wächter / Edited by Oskar von Wächter. Leipzig 1881, reprint Goldbach 1996.
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About the collision of the private law laws of different states.
- Part 1: Archives for Civilist Practice , Volume 24, 1841, pp. 230–311 .
- Part 2: Archives for Civilist Practice, Volume 25, 1842, pp. 1-60 .
- Part 3: Archives for Civilist Practice, Volume 25, 1842, pp. 361–419 .
Honors
- 1835 Knight's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown , associated with the personal nobility
- 1836 honorary citizen of the city of Tübingen
- 1839 Commentary Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown
- 1859 honorary citizen of the city of Leipzig
- 1861 Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
- 1879 conferred the hereditary nobility of the Kingdom of Saxony
- 1884 Wächterstrasse was named after him in Leipzig
- 1887 The city of Leipzig established the Karl-Georg-von-Wächtersche Foundation
- 1904 The Wächterstrasse was named after him in Dresden
Individual evidence
- ↑ See the Waechter family . In: Eberhard Emil von Georgii-Georgenau : Biographical-genealogical sheets from and about Swabia. Müller, Stuttgart 1879, pp. 1037-1048 ( archive.org ).
- ↑ Federal Archives: Members of the Pre-Parliament and the Fifties Committee (PDF file; 79 kB)
- ^ Members of the SAW: Carl Georg von Wächter. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed December 10, 2016 .
- ↑ State Archives Ludwigsburg , inventory PL 20 VI Büschel 150 .
- ↑ Source: Röcknitz manor history .
- ^ Digitized by HathiTrust with US proxy.
- ↑ Royal Württemberg Court and State Handbook 1839 , p. 35
literature
- Bernhard Windscheid : Carl Georg von Waechter . Duncker and Humblot, Leipzig 1880.
- Oskar von Wächter : Carl Georg von Wächter: Life of a German lawyer . Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig 1881 ( digitized version ).
- Meyers Konversationslexikon. 4th edition, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna, Volume 16, 1890, p. 309 ( digitized version ).
- Johann August Ritter von Eisenhart : Guardian, Karl Georg von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 40, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 435-440.
- Lars Jungemann: "Carl Georg von Wächter (1797–1880) and the criminal law of the 19th century". Dissertation. Writings on legal history (Issue 79). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-09732-7 .
- Bernd-Rüdiger Kern (Ed.): Between Romance Studies and German Studies. Carl Georg von Waechter (1797–1880) . Writings on legal history (Issue 81). Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-428-10025-5 .
- Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 961-962 .
- Gottfried Schiemann : On the influence of Carl Georg von Wächter on the creation of the BGB . In: Franz Dorn (ed.): Festschrift for Gerd Kleinheyer on his 70th birthday , CF Müller, Heidelberg 2001, pp. 419–435, ISBN 3-8114-5015-8 .
- Christoph Mauntel: Carl Georg von Wächter (1797–1880). Law in early constitutionalism . Dissertation. In: Legal and political science publications of the Görres Society. New episode; Volume 110, Verlag Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 978-3-506-71689-7 ( digitized version ).
- Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 6: T-Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8253-5063-0 , pp. 177-179.
Web links
- Biography with picture
- Literature list in the online catalog of the Berlin State Library
- Overview of Karl Georg von Wächter's courses at the University of Leipzig (summer semester 1833 to winter semester 1876)
- Short biography with photos ( Memento from September 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Karl Georg von Wächter in the database of members of the Reichstag
- Karl Georg von Wächter in the professorial catalog of the University of Leipzig
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Guardian, Karl Georg von |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Waechter, Carl Georg von; Guardian, Karl Joseph Georg Sigismund |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer |
DATE OF BIRTH | December 24, 1797 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Marbach am Neckar |
DATE OF DEATH | January 15, 1880 |
Place of death | Leipzig |