Czapski (noble family)

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Leliwa coat of arms of the Czapski
Kedahnen Castle (19th century)
former Czapski Palace in Warsaw
Emmerich Hutten Czapski Museum in Krakow
Coat of arms of Count Hutten-Czapski (1874)
Count Marian Chapski (1857)
Count Emmerich Hutten-Czapski (1828-1896)

Czapski or Hutten-Czapski is the name of an old noble family from Pomerania . Some branches were given the title of count , belonged to the Polish magnates and have continued to this day.

Origin and history

The eponymous headquarters of Czapel in the Schwetz district is associated with the family as early as 1300. Piotr de Czapelken, 1395, is tangible for the first time, the family line begins with Marcin Czapski, Herr auf Czapel 1526. In the Prussian area , the German form of the name Hutten, which is a translation of the Polish word "czapka" (cap), was also used. to "Hutten" (hat) is an interpretation of the name of origin. A connection to the Franconian noble family Hutten is a baroque legend that has long been considered refuted in research, but which persistently spread.

The rise of the family from the Panenadel to large landowners with high positions began from the home of Pomerania . In the course of time the family produced four voivodes (palatins), six castellans (Polish burgraves), two bishops and five Polish generals. Five members carried the Order of the White Eagle , the highest honor in Poland. The Hutten-Czapski enjoyed a special reputation under King Stanislaus II August Poniatowski . The family spread from Pomerania, later West Prussia , across Poland, with branches in Lithuania , Russia and Volhynia . There were marriage ties to well-known Polish families, such as B. the princes Czetwertyński and Radziwiłł , the counts Działyński , Małachowski, Mielżyński, Potocki , Raczyński , Rzewuski and Zamojski.

On March 19, 1923, a family association was founded in Poznan .

Status surveys

As early as the 18th century, the Czapski asserted their claim to the title of count without any evidence of ennoblement.

The Prussian counts came on September 27, 1804 in Potsdam to the brothers Nikolaus and Joseph von Hutten-Czapski, West Prussian vassals and royal Polish major general, as well as on November 3, 1861 in Berlin according to the law of the firstborn , linked to the Smogulec property to Count Bogdan von Hutten-Czapski .

The brothers Adam, Ignacy and Emmerich Hutten-Czapski were on 12 June 1874 in the Russian Count enstand lifted in 1900 or 1907 that was ennobling on the Russian total line extended.

Distribution and historical ownership

coat of arms

The main coat of arms of the Polish coat of arms community Leliwa shows in blue a golden crescent moon that is open at the top and a golden star in the opening. On the helmet with blue-gold covers, a natural peacock feather covered with the shield image.

With reference to the legendary descent from the Franconian Hutts, the Counts Hutten-Czapski carried an increased coat of arms, Russian award on June 12, 1874 for Emeryk and his brothers: square with the (varied color) shield of the Franconian Hutts and the family coat of arms Leliwa above the helmets of both families; as a shield holder, silver griffins with the Leliwa shield on the chest and the motto: "Vitam patriae, honorem nemini".

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Czapski (noble family)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ in detail in Zychliński, Vol. 11, p. 49; also with Simon Konarski: Armorial de la noblesse polonaise titrée. Paris, 1957
  2. ^ Kneschke , Deutsche Grafenhäuser , 1854, p. 72f .; Goth. Geneal. Taschenbuch , Graefliche Häuser B, 1939, p. 106; also with Georg-Wilhelm Hanna : ministeriality, power and mediatization. The knight nobles von Hutten, their social position in church and state until the end of the Old Kingdom Dissertation on the OPUS server (PDF 7,024 kB) , Bamberg 2006, p. 123, FN 836. Bogdan Graf von Hutten-Czapski even acquired the in 1904 old Huttengrund in the Hessian Romsthal near Bad Soden-Salmünster, but withdrew to Poland in 1919.
  3. ↑ Zychliński, Vol. 11, p. 62
  4. ↑ Juliusz Ostrowski: Księga Herbowa rodów polskich. Warszawa 1897-1906, Vol. 1, p. 192; Vol. 2, p. 112