Diesbach (patrician family)

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Coat of arms of those of Diesbach

The von Diesbach family was originally a patrician family from Bern . The reformed Bern branch died out in 1917. The Catholic branch that moved to Friborg as a result of the Reformation in 1528 still exists in the canton of Friborg today , as well as a French branch .

history

People with the names Diezbach, Diezebach, Dyesbach, Dyespach with castle rights in Bern have been mentioned in Aarberg and Thun since the 13th century .

Nobility

An older noble family from Diesbach held the rule of Diessbach (today Oberdiessbach ) in the Bern area . Lieutenants were the dukes of Zähringen and later the counts of Kyburg . In 1406 the rule finally came under the suzerainty of the Bernese. The castle Diessenberg this family on the Bürglen, a foothill of Falkenflue above Brenzikofen , has been destroyed in 1331 by the Bernese. The family died out with Johann von Diesbach around 1390.

The aristocratic patrician family

Diesbachhaus in Bern, Münstergasse 2, built 1716–18 for Junker Hans Georg von Diesbach

The patrician family comes from Clewi (Niklaus) called Goldschmied († 1436). As a merchant, "Clewi Goldschmied" established the family's wealth by founding the Diesbach-Watt-Gesellschaft in St. Gallen and acquiring mines, which resulted in a fortune of 70,000 guilders. His son of the same name acquired half of the Diessbach rule ( Oberdiessbach bei Thun) in 1427 , after which he called himself "Niklaus von Diesbach" . From 1422 he was councilor of Bern. In 1434 he received a letter of nobility from King Sigmund . Since being awarded the nobility, he and his descendants have held the Junker title. From the 15th century, the younger von Diesbach family was one of the richest and most influential families in Bern.

In 1546 the von Diesbach built the old castle in Oberdiessbach. They had high jurisdiction over Oberdiessbach and the surrounding area. In the official list of 1731 they were listed among the seven well -established families, the highest status group within the Bernese patriciate , who claimed the chairmanship of the Small Council. Twenty von Diesbach were members of the leading Small Council of the City and Republic of Bern and just as many began a military career, many of them abroad. The Reformed Bernese branch died out in 1917 in the male line and finally in 1950 with Matilda von Diesbach (1870–1950), wife of Olivier Le Roy d'Amigny.

When Bern introduced the Reformation in 1528 , a Catholic line of the family moved to Freiburg . The Freiburg line was accepted into the patriciate there and held many important positions in the Freiburg state until the end of the Ancien Régimes . It was based at Torny Castle in the canton of Friborg from 1602 to 1798 and later on other manors and is still in existence today. The Freiburg branch was divided into the branches Torny, Belleroche and Mézières.

The still existing French branch Diesbach de Belleroche comes from the Freiburg line . It can be traced back to Ludwig von Diesbach (1452–1527) and Jean-Roch von Diesbach (1501–1546). Their descendant Josse de Diesbach, seigneur de Belleroche (1575–1648), came to the Torny domain through marriage in 1602 . His grandson Nicolas de Diesbach (1668–1735) from Freiburg was raised to the rank of French baron. His third son François Joseph Romain (1716–1786) was raised to the French count status. The Count's branch, which settled in Artois , continues to flourish in France and Belgium to this day.

Many of the Diesbachs entered foreign service as officers, including in France, Austria, Poland, Sardinia and Naples. Johann Friedrich von Diesbach-Steinbrugg (1677–1751), son of Johann Friedrich von Diesbach and Maria Elisabeth von Steinbrugg, came from the Freiburg line; He became an officer in French and Austrian services and recruited a Swiss regiment, with whom he fought as Feldzeugmeister in the War of the Spanish Succession and as Major General in the Turkish War of 1716. Emperor Charles VI. elevated him to imperial count and in recognition of the storming of Messina after the battle of Francavilla in 1719 to prince of Sant'Agata; he later retired in Freiburg. He inherited the title of prince, with the permission of the emperor, primogenically to the Diesbach-Torny line, in the event of their extinction it would come to the Diesbach-Belleroche and finally to the Diesbach-Rueyres.

Family coat of arms

There are two different coats of arms:

  • Blazon of the first coat of arms: split of red and silver, covered with a rising moon in alternating colors.
  • Blazon of the second coat of arms: in black a golden, sloping zigzag bar accompanied by two golden lions.

The second coat of arms is covered with coats of arms , one in Worb and one in Utzenstorf.

  • Coat of arms relief from the Diesbach Chapel in the Bern Minster (1470)

  • Diesbach coat of arms (bottom, 2nd from left) in the dance of death window of the Bern Minster

  • Niklaus von Diesbach coat of arms (15th century)

people

Berner and Liebistorfer branch

Ludwig von Diesbach (1452–1527), member of the Grand Council of Bern, bailiff, mayor of Thun
  • Clewi (Niklaus) Goldschmied († 1436), founder of the Diesbach-Watt Society in Sankt Gallen
  • Niklaus Goldschmied, son and heir of Clewi, co-lord of Oberdiessbach in 1427, councilor of Bern in 1422, ennobled as Niklaus von Diesbach in 1434
  • Niklaus von Diesbach (1430–1475), partner in the Diesbach-Watt Society, mayor of Bern , Knight of Holy Sepulcher, Lord of Oberdiessbach and Worb
  • Wilhelm von Diesbach (1442 - December 28, 1517), mayor of Bern
  • Ludwig von Diesbach (1452 - February 10, 1527), mayor of Thun
  • Niklaus von Diesbach (1478–1550), builder of Oberdiessbach Castle
  • Sebastian von Diesbach (1481–1537), mayor of Bern
  • Ludwig von Diesbach (October 28, 1484 - November 23, 1539), Governor of Lugano .
  • Felix von Diesbach, governor in Aigle 1528–1533
  • Hans Jakob von Diesbach (July 30, 1559–1627), colonel in a Swiss regiment in France.
  • Imbert von Diesbach (1560–1632), governor of Romainmôtier , Chillon and Morges .
  • Heinrich Gottlieb von Diesbach (1727–1787), Lord of Liebistorf.
  • Niklaus von Diesbach (October 24, 1645 Bern - January 16, 1721), general in the Toggenburg War
  • Gabriel von Diesbach, governor in Aigle 1653–1659
  • Anna von Diesbach, patrician from Bern and author of a medical compilation, sister-in-law of Daniel von Werdt , brother of Abraham von Werdt
  • Niklaus Albert von Diesbach (February 25, 1732 - December 22, 1798), priest
  • Rudolf von Diesbach (July 27, 1734 - March 30, 1797), Colonel of the Swiss Guards of the French king .
  • Bernhard von Diesbach (1734–1785), governor of Baden, governor of Kastelen .
  • Niklaus Bernhard von Diesbach (November 4, 1779 - October 16, 1842), lieutenant in the Battle of the Grauholz , participant in the Erlacherhof conspiracy
  • Niklaus von Diesbach, governor in Aigle 1787–1793
  • Robert von Diesbach (1858–1917), advocate, Ultimus

Freiburg branch

The brothers Sebastian and Johann Rochus von Diesbach (1501–1546) founded the Catholic Freiburg lines. Sebastian von Diesbach lost his offices in Bern because of suspected corruption.

  • Georges von Diesbach (1535–1582), mayor of Freiburg
  • Georges von Diesbach (1575–1648), founder of the branches of Torny and Belleroche
  • François Augustin de Diesbach Torny (1656–1707), mayor of Freiburg
  • Johann Friedrich von Diesbach-Steinbrugg (1677–1751), Austrian Feldzeugmeister, Imperial Count of Diesbach, 1st Prince of Sant'Agata
  • Johann Joseph Georg Graf von Diesbach (1699–1772), Austrian colonel
  • François de Diesbach-Torny (1739–1811), Freiburg Grand Councilor
  • Frédéric de Diesbach-Torny (1741–1815), commander of the Swiss Guard Regiment
  • Philippe de Diesbach-Torny (1742–1805), major general in the Austrian army
  • Ladislas de Diesbach de Belleroche (1747-1822), Lieutenant General in France
  • Joseph de Diesbach-Torny (1772–1838), mayor of Freiburg
  • Philippe de Diesbach de Belleroche (1775–1851) co-founder and the Freiburg Agricultural Association
  • Alphonse de Diesbach de Belleroche (1809–1888), 1828 second lieutenant in the Swiss Guard and co-founder of the Friborg Agricultural Association
  • Max de Diesbach-Torny (1851–1916), National Councilor
  • Henri de Diesbach (Torny) (1880–1970), professor of inorganic and organic chemistry
  • Roch de Diesbach (1909–1990), 1968–71 corps commander
  • Roger de Diesbach (1944–2009), Swiss journalist

French branch

Possessions

  • Oberdiessbach , Altes Schloss (in 1427 half of the Diessbach reign came into the possession of Niklaus Goldschmied, who was ennobled by King Sigmund in 1434 with the name of Diesbach ). Around 1560 the von Diesbach built the old castle in Oberdiessbach.
  • Worb Castle (15th to 17th centuries)
  • Liebistorf in the canton of Friborg (from 1599)
  • Wil Castle (17th century)
  • Liebegg Castle (1764 to 1875)
  • Heitenried in the canton of Friborg (16th / 17th century)
  • Mett near Biel (16th century)
  • Torny in the canton of Friborg (owned by von Diesbach-Torny from 1602 to 1798)
  • Champvent in the canton of Vaud (1611 to 1731)
  • Rueyres-les-Prés (late 17th century to 1772)
  • Gurwolf (Courgevaux) in the canton of Friborg (from 1722)
  • Mézières in the canton of Friborg (from 1756)
  • La Poya Castle in the canton of Friborg
  • Summer residence in St. Ursen in the canton of Friborg
  • Manoir de Diesbach in Bürglen FR (Bourguillon)
  • Château de Gouy-en-Artois (owned by the Counts of Diesbach de Belleroche in the 19th century)

Bern line

Freiburg line

Archives

literature

  • Benoît de Diesbach Belleroche: La maison de Diesbach. Origine, variants, étymologie, bourgeoisies, nationalités, armoiries , Friborg 2000.
  • Viscount de Ghellinck Vaernewyck: La généalogie de la maison de Diesbach , Gand 1921.
  • Ulrich Moser: Diesbach, from [de]. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Georg von Wyß:  Diesbach, from . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 142-146.
  • Urs Martin Zahnd : The autobiographical records of Ludwig von Diesbach. Studies on late medieval self-portrayal in Upper Germany and Switzerland , Bern 1986.

Web links

Commons : Diesbach (patrician family)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Friedrich von Diesbach (1677–1751) in: deutsche-biographie.de
  2. ^ Bernhard von Rodt and Paul Boesch: Book of arms of the bourgeois families of the city of Bern . Ed .: Burgergemeinde Bern. Benteli AG, Bern 1932 (with explanatory text by Hans Bloesch).
  3. ↑ Based on a coat of arms from 1434.
  4. ↑ Turned coat of arms of a knight Wilhelm von Diesbach from Worb, dated 1521: Ellen Beer et al. (Hrsg.): Berns great time . Rediscovered the 15th century. Berner Lehrmittel- und Medienverlag, Bern 1999, p. 399 .
  5. ↑ Today in the Bernisches Historisches Museum: Hans Lehmann: The glass painting in Bern at the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th century . Report House, Zurich 1916, p. 308 ( rero.ch [PDF; accessed on March 6, 2010]).
  6. ^ Karl Stettler: Knight Niklaus von Diesbach. Schultheiss von Bern 1430-1475 , Bern, KJ Wyss 1924.
  7. ↑ Christoph von Steiger:  Diesbach, Niklaus von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 658 f. ( Digitized version ).
  8. Jump up ↑ Günther Jaeschke: Anna von Diesbach's Bernese 'Pharmacopoeia' in the Erlacher version of Daniel von Werdts (1658). Part 1: Text ( Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 16). Wellm, Pattensen / Han., Now published by Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1979 (at the same time: Medical dissertation Würzburg) 1978; and Thomas Gleinser: Anna von Diesbach's Bernese “Pharmacopoeia” in the Erlacher version by Daniel von Werdts (1658). Part 2: Glossary (= Würzburg medical historical research. Volume 46). Wellm, Pattensen / Han., Now published by Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1989 (at the same time: Medical Dissertation Würzburg 1989), ISBN 3-921456-86-X .
  9. ↑ Benoît de Diesbach Belleroche: Diesbach, Roch de. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .