Ehrenreich Hannibal

Ehrenreich Hannibal (born April 9, 1678 in Stockholm , † August 13, 1741 in Clausthal ) was a Swedish-German stamp maker , coin die cutter , seal cutter and copper engraver and was considered one of the best medalists of his time.

Life

Medal for the death of the Loccum abbot Gerhard Wolter Molanus (1633–1722), the founder of the Guelph coin collection ; Replica by Harry Maximilian Buchberger for Nord / LB , exhibited in the Lower Saxony Coin Cabinet in the Lower Saxony State Museum

Ehrenreich Hannibal grew up as the son of the Stockholm painter Martin Hannibal and Christina Lente . He presumably did an apprenticeship in Sweden , but did not do a lot there, but soon went on the wandering , after which he moved to the territory of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg a few years earlier in 1692 , where he was under Georg I. Ludwig entered his service and here first perfected his artistry before he was appointed electoral “stamp cutter” (medalist) with an annual salary of 200 thalers in 1705 or 1706/07 . So financially secure, Hannibal married Anna (also: Anna Maria Hollingin ) on May 12, 1707 , the daughter of the court goldsmith Conrad Hölling , who lived in Calenberger Neustadt and there in Calenberger Strasse , with whom he, along with another son, who was already in 1704 , so born out of wedlock Martin Conrad fathered Hannibal .

In the electoral residence city of Hanover , Hannibal Ehrenreich not only created medals, but also, for example, a six-armed, silver chandelier based on a design by Jean Berain . In addition, he also made copperplate engravings .

Ehrenreich created the medal (with the year 1714) for the death of Sophie with a half-length portrait of the Electress and her beloved "jardin à la Leine" . With a medal made in the same year with the current King George I on the throne of England , before that the Britannia , Hannibal commemorated the beginning of the personal union between Great Britain and Hanover .

In the following year 1715, initially "[...] until Christmas 1715 [...]", Hannibal Ehrenreich was also given the job of a coin iron cutter at the Clausthal mint in the Harz Mountains . Although Ehrenreich is verifiable in the chamber accounts of the Electorate of Hanover until 1727/28, he was also active for other rulers, for example for the Electorate of Cologne , the Kingdom of Prussia , the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and the Hanseatic City of Hamburg and various others.

After Ehrenreich's death in 1741, he was followed by his son Martin at the Clausthal mint.

Artist signature

While in various books about coins , but also on copper engravings by Hannibal himself, the monogram E. H. the first letter was sometimes incorrectly interpreted as an F. , there are also numerous variants of the signature from E. Hannibal and f. or fecit .

Works (selection)

In addition to several copper engravings, numerous medals by Hannibal are known, almost all of which were found in the royal collection of coins and medals of the Guelphs :

• 1705: Medal for the inauguration of the church of Blankenburg Castle ; Image of the praying patriarch Jacob
• 1706: Medal for Sophie Dorothea of ​​Hanover , who has also been Queen of Prussia since marrying the "Soldier King" Friedrich Wilhelm I. Two different medals for Sophie's marriage to Friedrich Wilhelm can also be found in the Coin Cabinet of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (Prussian Cultural Heritage)
• 1710: Medal for the granting of the office of treasurer of the Holy Roman Empire to Georg I. Ludwig; on one side of the medal the portrait of the elector, on the other the imperial crown
• 1714:
  • Medal for the death of Electress Sophie with a half-length portrait and the Great Garden
  • Medal with King George I. Ludwig on the English throne, in front of him Britannia
• 1717: Medal for the 200th anniversary of the introduction of the Reformation in Hamburg
• 1719, for the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Hamburg bank : rich Portuguese and rich in content in silver. As the stamp on one side was worn out after some use until 1728, the stamp cutter Rudolph Philipp Wahl reproduced one stamp.
• 1722: Medal for the death of the Loccum abbot Gerhard von Molanus
• 1727: Medal with the bust of Carolina on the occasion of the elevation to Queen of Great Britain and Electress of Hanover; on the lapel the picture of Juno with a peacock instead of a goose
• 1730 (by the Hamburg magistrate): Medal for the 200th anniversary of the transfer of the Augsburg confession
• 1731:
  • Medal for the so-called "Vienna Alliance", the Treaty of Vienna of 1731 between the Habsburg Monarchy under Charles VI. and the Kingdom of Great Britain under King George II , with the bust of the British ruler and Neptune on the sea
  • Medal for the death of August Wilhelm , Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
• 1734: Medal for the construction of the state lock in Hameln , built under George II , the image of the city of Hameln with the new lock on the lapel , inscription: Commercium Visurgis restitutum
• 1735: Medal for the death of Ludwig Rudolf , Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
• 1737:
  • Medal on the foundation of the University of Göttingen
  • Medal with the portrait of Clemens August von Bayern , Archbishop and Elector of Cologne ; with the snake on the tree
• around 1765: Medal of the Patriotic Society of Hamburg , with the bust of Socrates
• around 1778: Medal for the elevation of Ernst Ludwig to Landgrave of Hessen-Darmstadt, depicted with a lion on one side and a kingfisher on the other

such as

• Six-armed silver chandelier based on a design by Jean Berain, later owned by King Ernst August at Marienburg Castle

literature

• Georg Kaspar Nagler : Hannibal, Ehrenreich , in this: New general artist lexicon or news from the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers, etc. , 5th volume , EA Fleischmann, Munich 1837, pp. 550f .; online through google books
• Leonard Forrer : Biographical dictionary of medallists . Vol. 1, London 1904, pp. 420-422 ( digitized version ).
• Wilhelm Rothert : General Hannoversche Biography , Vol. 3: Hanover under the Kurhut 1646-1815 . Sponholtz, Hannover 1916, p. 496
• Hannibal, Ehrenreich . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 69, de Gruyter, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-598-23036-3 .

Web links

Commons : Ehrenreich Hannibal  - Collection of Images

• Ehrenreich Hannibal at europeana .eu

Remarks

1. ↑ Notwithstanding this, Wolfgang Scheffler names " Hungary " as the place of birth

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Wolfgang Scheffler (Ed.): Ehrenreich Hannibal. In: Goldsmiths of Lower Saxony, dates, works, characters , half-volume. 1: Aerzen - Hamburg . de Gruyter, Berlin 1965, pp. 278, 758-759; partly online via Google books
2. ↑ ^{a b} See under the GND number of the German National Library
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Johann Ludwig Ammon : Collection of famous medalists and mint masters together with their symbols , Nuremberg: Christ. Gotth. Hauffe, 1778, p. 8; online through google books
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s} Georg Kaspar Nagler: Hannibal, Ehrenreich (see literature)
5. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Capital (function). In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 274.
6. ↑ Wolfgang Scheffler (Ed.): Conrad Hölling. In: Goldsmiths of Lower Saxony ... , p. 753f.
7. ↑ Wolfgang Scheffler (Ed.): Martin Conrad Hannibal. In: Goldsmiths of Lower Saxony ... , p. 278.
8. ^ ^{A b} Ludwig Döry: A German of the Berain style from Hanover. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series, Vol. 11, Issue 1/2, pp. 185–189 (with two illustrations)
9. ^ ^{A b} Karl Heinrich Meyer: Royal Gardens. Three hundred years Herrenhausen , Hanover: Fackelträger-Verlag Schmidt-Küster, 1966, p. 31
10. ↑ Compare this and this page of the Münzkabinett Berlin
11. ↑ Johann Paul Langermann: Num. 2: A Banco-Portugaleser on the first year of jubilation of the highly praiseworthy species-Banco, from 1719 , in which: Illustration and description of Hamburg coins and medals. Numotheca; together with a list of printed Hamburg certificates, documents and other letters , Hamburg: Meyn & Mahnke, 1802; P. 266f .; Digitized
12. ↑ Compare also Nikolaus Hieronymus Gundling : D. Nicolai Hieronymi Gundlings Weyland… Professoris Publ. Ordinar. at the University of Halle detailed discours about the former and current state of the German electoral states:: Inside of the same origin and growth, middle and modern history, power, commerce, wealth and weakness, nature of the countries and inhabitants, forms of government, Interest, pretenses and disputes, dealt with clearly and thoroughly ...; [Part 1]: Also in the additions The very latest state of these states up to and including 1746. But especially the last events in Bohemia, Silesia, and Moravia are adequately and impartially presented, along with Useful Register (1747) , Vol. 5, Franckfurt; Leipzig: Spring, 1746, p. 154; online through google books
13. ↑ Hans Meuss, Münzenhandlung: Universalsammlung - gold coins, thalers, medals, etc .: The auction…: 27. – 29. November 1940 (Catalog No. 15) - Hamburg, 1940, p. 24; online via the Heidelberg University Library