Marienburg Castle (Pattensen)

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View from the north of Marienburg Castle (2008)
View of the Marienberg and Marienburg Castle during hoarfrost (2013)
View from above of Marienburg Castle (2015)

The Marienburg Castle is a historicist palace complex , the King George V of Hanover from 1858 to 1869 as a summer residence , hunting lodge and later a widow's residence on the Marienberg near Hannover was built. It was a present to his wife, Queen Marie , on her 39th birthday on April 14, 1857. Queen Marie and her daughter Mary lived in the castle from 1866 to 1869. After their departure into exile, the castle was used for almost 80 years Inhabited only by the caretaker and from 1945 temporarily by refugees and by the family of Ernst August (III.) .

Since 2004 it has been privately owned by Ernst August Prince von Hannover junior . In 2018, sales plans to the public sector became known, which wanted to ensure a comprehensive renovation after an acquisition.

The castle is located on the Marienberg southwest of Schulenburg , a district of Pattensen . The municipality of Nordstemmen , which belongs to the Hildesheim district, is located south of Marienberg . The castle forms an ensemble with the Nordstemmen train station , which was expanded as a royal train station for the castle . The yard of the neighboring Calenberg estate in Schulenburg was sold by the House of Hanover in 2011 , but the land continues to be farmed together with the Marienburg. Marienburg Castle is marketed for tourism by the company EAC GmbH and the Sieben Schlösser im Leine- and Weserbergland association .

location

Historical maps from Marienberg 1895
Marienberg and Marienburg Castle 1895.
Map section with the course of the ring wall marked in brown (A. Umlauff 1895).

The castle with 130 rooms is located at a height of 135 meters on the south-western slope of the Marienberg, which is made of sandstone from the lower Triassic and represents the south-eastern part of the Schulenburger Berg. The Marienberg is bounded to the west by the Adenser Berg and touched to the southeast by the Leine river and the K 505 district road. The district road crosses the Leine on the Marienberg Bridge. From the castle tower and from the south side of the castle building you have a wide view of the Leine valley. The northern slopes of the Adenser Berg, the Schulenburger Berg and the Marienberg have been part of the Calenberger Leinetal conservation area since 1997 .

During the construction of Marienburg Castle, the Marienberg was redesigned into a romantic castle park, and footpaths were created that invite you to hike on the Marienberg and the neighboring Adenser Berg. The ring wall of the Sachsenwall , in which the Marienburg is located, is accessible. From the paths on the edge of the forest of the Adenser Berg there are views of the Hallertal and the Calenberger Land .

Surname

The names Marienberg and Marienburg go back to the blind King George V of Hanover , who gave the castle and mountain to his wife Marie on her 39th birthday. Georg V gave the Rehberg the new name Marienberg in the deed of donation as a purchased part of the Schulenburger Berg . He called the planned castle Marienburg . Both names contain the first name of his wife Marie.

Builder and owner

The castle owner Ernst August Prince von Hannover junior in the castle library during the unveiling of the Leibniz bust in the 300th year of death of the universal genius in 2016.

The castle belonged to Queen Marie and was built between 1857 and 1867 by the architects of the Hanover architecture school Conrad Wilhelm Hase and Edwin Oppler . Marie lived there for only one year until she followed her husband King George V from Hanover to Vienna into exile in 1867 . As the queen's private property, the palace was not expropriated by Prussia after the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover ; it remained in the possession of the Guelphs .

In 2004 Ernst August von Hannover sen. the agricultural and forestry property of the House of Hanover in Germany and Austria, including the Marienburg Castle and the Princely House in Hanover- Herrenhausen as well as the exile residence of the family in Gmunden , his then 21-year-old son and London investment banker Ernst August Hereditary Prince of Hanover Since 2012 he has headed the administration himself and is also increasingly representing the Welfenhaus.

On August 1, 2012, Ernst August Hereditary Prince of Hanover took over the management of Marienburg Castle himself. Until then, the city of London was the center of his life. Since 2011, his private residence in Lower Saxony has been in his Princely House in Hanover. He sold the Welfen estate, the Calenberg domain in nearby Schulenburg , which his father had given him in 2004. The Guelph Prince has an office in Marienburg Castle, from which he manages the family assets of the House of Hanover (as of March 18, 2014). He grew up bilingual in London and attended a German school there, but he spent the holidays at Marienburg Castle. “I really enjoy being at Marienburg Castle,” he said in an interview. “When I was a child, we always came here on vacation - Christmas, Easter, Whitsun. This has always been home for me, and that has not changed to this day. "

Planned sale

In November 2018 it became known that Ernst August von Hannover, as the owner of Marienburg Castle, intends to sell it to the public sector for the symbolic amount of one euro . The federal government and the state of Lower Saxony then wanted to renovate the building for around 27 million euros. According to a statement from the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture , Liemak Immobilien GmbH, a subsidiary of the Hanover Monastery Chamber, should take over the castle. The Landesmuseum Hannover intention, supported by foundations, around a hundred for the country Lower Saxony to purchase particularly valuable items from the inventory worth two million euros. Ernst August von Hannover wanted to contribute further items worth around six million euros to a non-profit art foundation .

The handover planned for the beginning of 2019 was delayed due to objections from the father Ernst August Prinz von Hannover senior , who revoked his donation from 2004 and reclaimed the castle from his son because of gross ingratitude . In a 32-page letter to the Lower Saxony Prime Minister Stephan Weil (SPD) and the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture, he explained the sales plans illegal and appealed to a return Auflassungs reservation , after which the new owner does not sell the property against the will of the previous owner may. The state government of Lower Saxony then stopped taking over the castle until the family dispute was resolved. In March 2019, Ernst August von Hannover announced that he would not sell the castle but would soon transfer it to a foundation .

history

Building history

View of the south wing of Marienburg Castle as depicted on a postcard around 1920
The salon of the ladies-in-waiting in the Marienburg, which was executed by Conrad Wilhelm Hase from 1862–1863 and demolished again in 1865 by Edwin Oppler.
The wood engraving shows the construction work carried out on Marienburg Castle by Conrad Wilhelm Hase between 1857 and 1864 . You can see two quarries for the extraction of the necessary building materials and an elevated wooden path for their transport to Marienburg Castle.

The approximately 30 acres of wooded land on the southwest slope of the Schulenburger Berg intended for the construction of the palace  was selected by the major engineer Eduard Julius Hugo Witte from Gut Hoyersum and purchased by the farmer Rössing and the courtier Ziesenitz at the beginning of 1857. On his birthday on April 14, 1857, King George V of Hanover transferred the Schulenburger Berg and the castle to be built on it in a deed of gift to his wife, Queen Marie , as private property. The castle was to serve as a rural summer residence , hunting lodge and later widow's seat. George V decided that this mountain would be called Marienberg and that a castle, called Marienburg, would be built on this site for Her Majesty as a summer residence. In this document, he appointed the major engineer Witte, who was a member of the royal family's circle of friends, as chief construction manager and declared the future palace to be the unrestricted personal property of the queen. This became important later after the annexation of Hanover, because it secured the property and building for the Welfenhaus even in Prussian times.

Queen Marie planned a castle in the form of a medieval, Gothic hilltop castle in a romantic location far above the Leine valley. The planned plot of land was ideally suited for this. It was located near the former headquarters of the Hanoverian Guelphs , the Calenberg Castle , and was located close to the Nordstemmen station , which had recently been built and where the royal saloon car could be stored after the train journey. It also made sense to build the hilltop castle into the existing ring wall system of the Sachsenwall , the interior of which had to be leveled and raised by embankments. The slope towards the Leine could be so abruptly removed due to a quarry that the Marienburg looked like a medieval fortress from the Leinetal. In the quarry deepened into a ravine, a romantic waterfall was supposed to fall under a drawbridge into the line. It was also favorable that the mountain was a legendary place due to the legend of the dwarfs in Marienberg , to which the queen placed small monuments on the approaches and exits of the castle.

The foundation stone was laid on October 9, 1858 in the presence of the royal family. The three children hit the hammer one after the other.

Queen Marie appointed major engineer Witte to be responsible for the finances of the building. He embezzled the funds entrusted to him several times and had the day laborers employed on the Witteschen Gute listed in the Marienburg bills, which resulted in the Kroncasse being over 5000 Rthr. were lost to the construction.

Under supervision Wittes the castle in the years 1857 to 1864 by the architects Conrad Wilhelm Hase , composed of construction manager Ludwig Spring in German neo-Gothic style built. Conrad Wilhelm Hase was bound by the requirements of the queen, who wanted a medieval, well-fortified castle to be built. Their models were the contemporary new buildings of Babelsberg Palace , Hohenzollern castle , Schloss Stolzenfels and Sooneck . A well-fortified castle, where the family could retire from official court life for a few months and lock themselves behind the raised drawbridge , corresponded to the royal desire for privacy and seclusion.

Conrad Wilhelm Hase used a in the tradition of Baroque standing residence building, axially symmetrical floor plan, stand at the four wings around a closed courtyard, which from a high castle keep surmounted. It gave the impression of a historic castle through towers with loopholes , crenellated walls and mighty gateways and in the northeast through a moat with a drawbridge and portcullis . Despite the martial appearance, the fortifications had very mundane tasks. For example, mighty bastions served as ice cellars and high watchtowers as aviaries and stables for Princess Mary's favorite goats. A cork model of the castle gave the blind king the opportunity to feel the Marienburg in every detail. The architect Justus Heinrich Jakob Molthan supplied furniture and handicrafts for the interior of the palace.

Since the construction work was progressing quickly, the shell of the south wing was largely completed by the summer of 1859. The topping-out ceremony was celebrated on December 3, 1860 . Conrad Wilhelm Hase was responsible for innovations in the interior design. The outer doors of the knight's hall could be sunk into the floor, there was hot water heating, and neo-Gothic cast iron columns served as supports in the rooms. Conrad Wilhelm Hase designed almost all of the representative living spaces in the palace, including the interior furnishings. He had numerous disputes with the senior site manager Witte, which led to his resignation in July 1864. Later, Conrad Wilhelm Hase told House Minister Carlo von Marlotie with great reluctance that he should not comment on how he had been pushed aside by the castle captain Witte during the construction of the Marienburg, and how he had disliked such treatment can leave why he resigned voluntarily and tacitly.

His successor was his pupil Edwin Oppler , who in 1862/1863 had built and furnished the Villa Solms in Hanover in Jägerstrasse at Georgengarten for Wilhelm zu Solms-Braunfels , the half-brother of Georg V, in the English neo-Gothic style. Queen Marie was so enthusiastic about the villa's furnishings that she wanted to commission Edwin Oppler to continue the work in the Marienburg. Edwin Oppler refused to work under Witte's site management. As a result, Witte's construction management was withdrawn and promoted to castle captain. Then Edwin Oppler was appointed architect of the Marienburg on October 17, 1864. Hermann Narten worked under him on the interior of the Marienburg in 1865/66.

From October 1864 to 1869, Edwin Oppler removed the interior furnishings of the palace, for example in the knight's hall, in the adjoining rooms of Queen Marie, in the court ladies' salon and in the billiard room , and redesigned it in the English neo-Gothic style because Edwin Oppler rejected the German neo-Gothic style of Conrad Wilhelm Hase and its materials plaster and cast iron.

The interior of Conrad Wilhelm Hase was preserved in the library, in the guest room, in the hall of the main tower and in the adjoining room; Parts of his stalls in the knight's hall also remained. Edwin Oppler made the following structural changes: Instead of the small rooms next to the dining room, he built the morning hall , raised the south-west tower by one storey, gave it a conical roof, added an extension between the south-east tower and the front of the east wing and started one afterwards a fragmentary conservatory in the shape of a Gothic basilica . Between November 1867 and December 1869 the painting of the morning hall by the painter Otto Knille and the painting of the dining room by the painter Leonard Gey was completed.

In the north wing of the castle was the stables with two horse stables and the carriage shed in between ; it now serves as a restaurant. The use of the carriage shed as a restaurant suggests that the carriages previously placed there are no longer in the possession of the Welfenhaus. Nine cars ( Berlinen , Coupés , Landau , fire engine and a six-seater car, some with the coat of arms of George V) were sold by the Welfenhaus in 1967 to the Red Barn Carriage Museum in Houston , Texas. The museum no longer exists; the carriages were resold during an auction in November 1975.

The Hofgarten Inspector Schaumburg laid out the grounds of Marienburg Castle in the style of an English landscape garden . Winding paths, artificial rock formations, stone steps and an artificial waterfall that were supposed to tumble down the gorge were created within the ring wall. The gardens such as the Prinzessinnengarten in front of the west wing and the garden below the terrace had flower gardens with beds that were tended by the castle's own nursery.

The horses were given a round riding arena in the southern area of ​​the front parking lot. In the vicinity of the riding arena on the area of ​​the rear parking lot there was a nursery with the gardener's house. The forester lived in the Schweizerhaus southwest of the castle. These two buildings were inhabited until around 1970. After that they stood empty for a while until they were demolished. The foundations and a piece of the wall of the Schweizerhaus were still preserved in 2008.

In the summer of 1865, the construction work had progressed so far that Georg V and his family were able to move into Marienburg Castle on June 1, 1865 and lived there for a few weeks.

The annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover and the exile of George V in Austria

In the German war for the supremacy of Prussia, King George V of Hanover rejected the multiple alliance offers from Prussia and instead allied with Austria, hoping that Austria would defeat Prussia in the war . On June 17, 1866, George V issued a proclamation that began with the words:

“To my faithful people! His Majesty the King of Prussia has declared war on me. This happened because I did not want to enter into an alliance which affected the independence of My Crown and the independence of My Kingdom, humiliated the honor and rights of My Crown and was likely to seriously injure the welfare of My loyal people. "

In the battle of Langensalza on June 27, 1866, the Hanoverian army was superior for a day, but its ammunition was used up, and George V had to surrender on June 29, 1866 when the second attack by the far superior Prussians became apparent.

Pictures from the years 1866 to 1867
Queen Marie and her daughter Mary 1866 to 1867 in Marienburg Castle. Painting by Wilhelm von Kaulbach .
Queen Marie's Salon in 1867. The highlights of the 2005 auction were the auction of the porcelain collection, the Meissen porcelain chandelier from 1860 and the Meissen tripod table with backgammon players from 1860, which were in the Queen's salon in 1867.
Salon of the Princesses Mary and Friederike in Marienburg Castle in 1867. In the bay was the gold-plated and micro-mosaic bronze table that was donated by Pope Pius IX at the time, which was auctioned at the 2005 auction. As a by no means equivalent replacement, there are now two wooden tables and two turned spinning wheels in the bay window instead.
The Chinese rooms in Marienburg in 1867. At that time, Queen Marie's visitors walked through these rooms to the royal reception rooms. The valuable Chinese porcelain was auctioned in 2005.
Memorial at the Ernst-August-Eiche

After this surrender, Georg V went into exile in Austria with his son Ernst August . But on July 3, 1866, Prussia defeated Austria in the battle of Königgrätz , and Austria was subsequently unable to secure the existence of the Kingdom of Hanover. The Kingdom of Hanover was occupied by Prussian troops after the surrender. The Prussian law of September 20, 1866 formalized the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover. Now the former Kingdom of Hanover was only the Prussian Province of Hanover .

After the battle of Langensalza , Queen Marie initially stayed with her daughters Friederike and Mary at Herrenhausen Castle , which was privately owned by the Welfs. There she had the treasures of the Guelphs brought to protect them from Prussia's access . At the request of Georg V, the eldest daughter, Princess Friederike , moved to her father's villa in Hietzing near Vienna on September 21, 1866 .

During the German War against Prussia in 1866, work on the interior of the Marienburg was continued, because the royal couple had hoped to be able to reside in the Marienburg after the war. After the events of 1866, Edwin Oppler continued the construction work on Marienburg Castle until December 1869 in order to complete the castle chapel and the morning hall . Most of the rooms were finished by the spring of 1867, the remaining rooms have remained uninhabitable to this day.

On September 27, 1866, Queen Marie moved with her youngest daughter, Princess Mary, and her Hanoverian court, which comprised around forty people, from Herrenhausen Palace to Marienburg Palace, which was still a construction site at the time. There she had the treasures of the Guelphs brought to protect them from Prussia's access. The Queen's most important task was to have the Guelphs' crown jewels smuggled past the Prussian guard of Marienburg Castle to England and extremely valuable treasures to other Prussian countries.

Moving the Crown Jewels of the Guelphs out of the country

The crowns and crown jewels of the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and the crown, scepter and princess crown of the Kingdom of Hanover were in 1866 under the protection of Queen Marie in her Marienburg Castle. When fears arose that the occupying power of Prussia might confiscate the Guelphs' crown jewels, Queen Marie decided to have them secretly removed from the country in 1867. The Minister a. D. Count Kielmannsegg and his wife Juliane brought the valuables to England in March 1867 to the care of the Duke of Cambridge. In 1869 the couple received the order from George V to pick up the crown treasure from London and bring it to Gmunden , which the Countess, together with her son Alexander, also managed to do without being noticed.

The castle 1867–1965

On July 24, 1867, Queen Marie also left the now Prussian province of Hanover with her daughter Mary, because the Prussians had asked her to dismiss her Hanoverian court and replace it with Prussian staff, which she considered unacceptable. A horseshoe has been hanging on the outside of the northeast entrance gate of the Marienburg ever since; According to a local aetiological legend , one of the horses of the six-in-hand lost this horseshoe when Queen Marie's departure. From the Nordstemmen station , the two took the train to Austria in exile; they never saw Marienburg Castle again. There the family was reunited: King George V with Queen Marie, the son Ernst August and the two daughters Friederike and Mary in the Villa Hügel in the Viennese suburb Hietzing , which at that time belonged to Duke Wilhelm von Braunschweig from the Brunswick line of the Guelphs .

Memorial at the Ernst-August-Eiche

In 1866 friends of the Guelphs planted the Ernst August oak . It is located in the middle of the beech forest on a forest path in the north of the Marienberg on a raised plateau. The original route was changed in the 20th century south of the Ernst-August-Eiche. From the front parking lot, a forest path now leads below the former Marienberg forest restaurant and above the autostraße towards the north to the Ernst-August-Eiche. On the round moss-covered memorial stone in front of the mighty oak stands the weathered inscription: Crown Prince Ernst-August - Planted in 1866 . Remnants of old electric street lamps show that certain forest paths on Marienberg were illuminated at night.

After 1867, construction continued in the Marienburg for years. The interior of the knight's hall and the dining room was no longer completed by Edwin Oppler . The court photographer Reinnicke made pictures of the Marienburg for Queen Marie in 1867, which document the original splendor of the rooms. The Marienburg was looked after by Edwin Oppler until his death on September 6, 1880. Subsequently, his successor Ferdinand Schorbach took over the structural supervision of the castle.

After Queen Marie's departure, the palace - fenced and from 1869 only inhabited and guarded by the castle overseer Henry Hartmann and his successor - stood empty for almost 80 years. However, there was already a castle museum in the castle in the 20th century, which showed the now lost original splendor of the castle and which could then be visited daily.

Exile of George V in the Villa Hügel
The Turkish salon in the Villa Hügel in Hietzing . Drawing by Rudolf von Alt .
The Japanese salon in the Villa Hügel in Hietzing near Vienna. Drawing by Rudolf von Alt in 1855.
The Villa Hügel in Hietzing near Vienna in 1867.

After the Second World War , Marienburg Castle was inhabited again by the Guelphs for the first time. Ernst August (III.) , Last Duke of Braunschweig and grandson of King George V and Queen Marie, lived in Marienburg with his wife Viktoria Luise and their children from 1945 . The family had previously lived at Blankenburg Castle in the Harz Mountains , which came under the Soviet occupation zone after the end of the war . At first the British occupation troops kept the Harz region occupied, so that the move of the Guelph family could be carried out by the British army. For four weeks, a good 30 trucks drove back and forth between Blankenburg and Marienburg Castle, escorted by three armored vehicles, and cleared the castles in Blankenburg almost completely. Most of the removal goods went to Marienburg Castle, where the inventory of the Braunschweig , Hanover and Gmunden castles and the furnishings of the royal receiving station in Nordstemmen were already stored. There also were prior to their sale Gospels of Henry the Lion (now in the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel ) and approximately 44,000 coins comprehensive coin collection of the House of Hanover (now in the National Museum Hannover ).

Numerous refugee families have lived in Marienburg since the end of the war. Ernst August died on January 30, 1953 at Marienburg Castle near Hanover. Then there was a conflict between Viktoria Luise and her son Ernst August (IV.) In 1954 . It was mainly about the prerogative of the Duchess. On the other hand, Duke Ernst August (IV.) Wished his mother would finally withdraw from public life in accordance with the customs of the Welfenhaus and leave this activity to the young duke and ducal couple, which his energetic and popular mother did not want. She remained active in many charitable associations as well as in the Victoria-Luise-Frauenbund, left the castle in December 1956 and moved into a house made available to her by the "Braunschweiger Freundeskreis" in the Braunschweig district of Riddagshausen .

The auctions for the sale of inventory and their consequences

Meissen porcelain is auctioned
This Meissen porcelain chandelier hung in the showrooms of Marienburg Castle until September 2005.
Pope gift is auctioned
This gift from Pope Pius IX to George V was in the showrooms of Marienburg Castle until September 2005.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the fall of the Wall in 1989 , Welfen boss Ernst August Prince von Hannover sen. unsuccessful for the return of the goods and castles in Blankenburg (value 2005: 100 to 150 million euros). His then 22-year-old son Ernst August was given the task of auctioning off most of the castle's inventory in 2005. In an interview with the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung in March 2014, he addressed this:

“Different people were involved at the time,” says Ernst August ambiguously, only to defend the action. “Most of the pieces sold stayed in the region,” he says. And many art treasures were previously in poor condition and got into good hands through the auction: "Everyone who has bought something knows about its history - seen in this way, many pieces only acquired value through the sale."

In 2005, together with his brother Christian, he had large parts of the removal goods stored in Marienburg Castle and the Marienburg inventory auctioned off by the Sotheby’s auction house. From September 30th to October 3rd, 2005 an exhibition of more than 20,000 art objects took place in the castle on five floors in 130 rooms on 4000 square meters, which were offered for auction in a tent from October 5th to October 15th, 2005 were. The items on offer included armor, furniture and paintings as well as Queen Marie's silver service for 200 guests.

Bidders from 39 countries who submitted 16,000 bids came to the auction, as well as representatives from twelve television broadcasters and 20 international daily newspapers. 98 percent of the lots were sold, half of them went abroad, only a quarter stayed in Lower Saxony. In this way, Lower Saxony lost three quarters of the cultural assets stored on the Marienburg, which were once of particular importance for the history of Lower Saxony. The auction brought in 44 million euros. With part of the proceeds, Ernst August Prince von Hannover sen. a foundation that aims to preserve Marienburg Castle and the Princely House of Herrenhausen Museum .

Waldemar R. Röhrbein , who was director of the Hanover Historical Museum from 1976 to 1997 , wrote in his article “Sale. The Marienburg of the Guelphs in the focus of interests ":

“Because everything that promised good income was offered irresponsibly, without any detailed considerations about the design of the castle rooms or necessary contacts with connoisseurs of the Guelph house and the Hanoverian regional history had been established. One would have liked to wish the young princes and their advisors a little awe or respect for the history of their house and their ancestors who shaped it ... All in all, a sell-off of the history of the Guelphs and the history of the country took place at the Marienburg Regional historians can call regrettable or scandalous. "

Heinrich Prinz von Hannover , a brother of Ernst August Prinz von Hannover sen. , had publicly criticized the auction and was therefore not invited to the reception on April 7, 2006, the evening before the reopening of the castle museum. After Mauritz von Reden resigned as castle administrator on July 31, 2012, Prince Heinrich of Hanover and the writer Isabel Arends are welcome to writer's readings in Marienburg Castle.

Exhibition of the Crown Jewels in Marienburg Castle

Opening of the exhibition “The Way to the Crown”, 2014

From 2014 to 2017 the crown jewels were shown for the first time since the end of the Kingdom of Hanover in what was once Guelph territory. In addition, the Welfenhaus held the exhibition “The Path to the Crown” in Marienburg Castle. A main attraction in the show were the insignia of the Kingdom of Hanover with the crown from 1842 with scepter and the bridal crown, which King Ernst August had made and later bequeathed to his son Georg V. Hanover's crown was last seen in public in 1997 in an exhibition in the German Historical Museum in Berlin. According to the castle administration, this exhibition was visited by almost 100,000 people within three years.

Problems with the building maintenance of Marienburg Castle

As the owner, Ernst August von Hannover bears the costs of maintaining Marienburg Castle. At the opening of the exhibition The Way to the Crown on April 30, 2014, he said:

“Preserving such a historical legacy is not an easy task. ... It is a beloved but expensive legacy that we can only bear broadly together. In the long run, the burden cannot be borne by a private person alone. "

Structural damage to the Marienburg
The erosion on the steep slopes of the artificial gorge threatens the stability of the protruding walls surrounding the garden of Marienburg Castle.
Loosened sandstone slabs slide down the steep slope next to Marienburg Castle.
Northern part of the artificial gorge of Marienburg Castle.
Northern part of the artificial gorge of Marienburg Castle. To protect against corrosion, this sandstone wall was covered with a support corset made of concrete struts before 1867, which was fastened with numerous enormous screws.
Southeast view of Marienburg Castle. The red sandstone wall had a plastic surface in 1864. The protruding sandstone layers have since been blasted off by rock weathering. The red sandstone wall with the attached outer walls of the castle is now in danger of falling. Watercolor by H. Kretschmer around 1864.
View of the east wing of Marienburg above the artificial gorge and view down to the Leine and Poppenburg Castle as a watercolor around 1864

In November 2014 it became known which serious problems arose for the construction maintenance of Marienburg Castle and what costs this caused. The manager of the castle at the time, Olaf Ahrens, said: "There is an immediate need to renovate the outer wall and the dry rot in the masonry of the castle". In detail it concerns:

  • The dry rot has attacked the castle walls. So far it has not been disclosed which walls are involved.
  • The erosion on the steep slopes of the artificial gorge threatens the stability of the surrounding walls that stand immediately on it and sometimes already protruding. Originally the Marienberg had a round hilltop overgrown by the forest with an abandoned sandstone quarry on the southwestern side. Queen Marie longed for a hilltop castle that rises high above the rugged rock walls on at least two sides. Marienburg Castle was placed close to the abandoned quarry and the quarry was expanded so that a deep gorge was created on the east side of the castle and a steep slope on the south side. The red sandstone blocks obtained from the quarry were usefully attached to the surrounding wall of the castle. The enclosing walls that surround the castle's green spaces stand on the edge of the steep slope in order to give the rock a wild, romantic appearance. As early as 1860, when the surrounding walls were being built, concerns arose as to whether the steeply sloping slopes could bear the weight of the "ring walls". Isabel Arends writes: According to the reports, the construction of the circular walls on the rocky south side turned out to be more difficult than expected, as further substructures were necessary here. Since then, a large area above the gorge on the south-eastern slope has been covered by a supporting corset made of concrete struts that were fastened with numerous huge screws. Unfortunately, the bracing corset does not reach up to the surrounding wall. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, the steep slopes of the vertical layers of the red sandstone (the Avicula layers above and the Detfurth layers below) have been weathering through vegetation and frost damage, so that the sandstone eroded and detached itself from the slopes for meters. This jeopardizes the stability of the outer walls, which have already been weakened by the "ravages of time" and the weathering of rock.

Experts feared that under the weight of the surrounding walls, the sandstone could give way, endangering the stability of the surrounding walls and causing them to fall. Plant manager Ahrens said: “It's about securing the wall and stopping the weathering.” However, the large-scale slope renovation is only “a first step” .

The first step in the rehabilitation of the south-eastern slope should be taken in mid-2015. That didn't happen; the construction site was only cordoned off. The planned construction work is expected to cost EUR 500,000. The castle owner Ernst August von Hannover and the Federal Republic of Germany wanted to share the costs of this renovation as part of the monument protection . Maria Flachsbarth , Parliamentary State Secretary in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, supports the project and justified it as follows:

"It's not about supporting a specific family. It's about preserving a cultural asset . After all, Marienburg is not a purely private house. It is a historically significant monument , a landmark for the Calenberger Land and all of Lower Saxony - and therefore also of public interest. "

In 2016, the castle owner Ernst August junior announced that the property was making considerable losses and that he would not be able to carry this burden on his own in the long run. Already at this point in time, the renovation costs required were estimated in the double-digit millions.

Visitors and castle tour

Details from Marienburg Castle
Clock in the courtyard of Marienburg Castle
Bridge and entrance to Marienburg Castle
Weather vane from 1867
Weathercock on a castle tower

The access to the castle is in the east, the inner courtyard of the castle can also be entered during the opening times without taking part in a guided tour, as the entrance to the restaurant is located there. Some rooms in the castle are rented out for celebrations. By cutting down trees, the view of the Marienburg from the south (from the county road 505) and from the north (from the parking lot) was cleared. The footpaths and stairs around the Marienburg, which were laid out by Queen Marie and which were important for her overall design, are falling into disrepair and have not yet been included in a maintenance concept.

Marienburg Castle is the site of official receptions for the von Hanover family . According to statements from the palace administration, around 170,000 visitors were counted in 2013. At the beginning of October 2014, Olaf Ahrens, the head of the castle operations, announced the number of visitors from January to September 2014: So far the castle has had 130,000 guests, 65,000 have seen the special exhibition. Around 40,000 citizens attended special events such as company events or weddings. Around 190,000 visitors came in 2015 and 2016.

After connecting the castle heating to the waste heat from the biogas plant in Nordstemmen , Marienburg Castle is also open on certain days of the winter season (as of January 3, 2017). Events are occasionally held in some rooms; then only limited tours are possible. The castle chapel is available to the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Schulenburg for concerts and official church acts such as weddings, as the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Hanover renovated the castle chapel at its own expense and has a right of use. The registry office of the city of Pattensen holds weddings on certain days in the restored salon rooms of the Crown Prince on the ground floor. (Status: January 3, 2017)

The history of the Guelphs as part of regular performances at the palace with actors from Electress Sophie and the universal genius Leibniz

The guided tour of the castle, which is subject to a fee, focuses on the rooms that Queen Marie and her daughter Mary lived in between 1866 and 1867. There are only about 15 of the 100 or so rooms designed by Edwin Oppler, including the entrance hall, the knight's hall and the queen's salon with library, the palace chapel and the old, historic palace kitchen. Some of the rooms included in the tour (dining room and rooms of the princesses) can be seen but not entered. The Chinese inventory from the time of Queen Marie is missing in the two Chinese rooms (see Figure 5 in the picture collection, Pictures from the Years 1866 to 1867 ), which was auctioned off at the 2005 auction. These two empty rooms are used for special exhibitions that change every year (as of 2017).

Only photographs from 1867 still convey the former splendor of the royal rooms, which at that time were furnished with extremely valuable inventory. But Queen Marie's treasures are auctioned for 14 people, except for the porcelain service on display. Only the interior design by Edwin Oppler with the lead-glazed windows that reveal a wide view of the Leine valley and the neo-Gothic furniture designed by Edwin Oppler remain at this historic location . You can also see family paintings as well as pictures and plates with images of the former possessions of the Welfs and the exquisite silver furniture set from the beginning of the 18th century, which is on the German list of national cultural assets.

In addition, various types of accompanied special tours are offered on fixed dates with advance registration (as of January 3, 2017).

View from the keep of Marienburg Castle
View to the east into the Leinetal from the viewing platform of Marienburg Castle on the keep. In the foreground you can see the wooded Marienberg with the Schulenburger forest, in front of it the roofs of the castle chapel and the Marienburg. In the background you can see from left to right the wooded Calenberg with the tiny town of Lauenstadt, the river Leine , Sarstedt (in the background), Giften , Barnten , Rössinger Kiesteiche, Rössing , Wetterberg waste dump near Giesen (in the background), Nordstemmen sugar factory, Nordstemmen ( cut), behind it the valley of Hildesheim (called “Im Potte”) and the beginning of the Hildesheimer Wald mountain range
View from the observation platform on the keep to the north into the Leinetal . From left to right you can see Schulenburg , Pattensen , Vardegötzen, Jeinsen , Schliekum , Calenberger Mühle, River Leine , Calenberg , Calenberg Castle , Lauenstadt, Sarstedt , Giften , Barnten .
View from the observation platform on the keep to the south into the Leinetal . From left to right you can see Nordstemmen , Mahlerten , Burgstemmen and Poppenburg .
View from the viewing platform on the keep to the southwest into the Leinetal . From left to right you can see Nordstemmen , Burgstemmen , Poppenburg , Elze , Wülfingen and Sorsum . Enlarging the image is recommended.

Your own guided tour allows you to climb the tower up to half the height of the keep. 160 steps lead to the 44 meter (200 m above sea level) high viewing platform. In the event of a castle fire, evacuation from the keep with the ladder of a fire engine is provided. This is indicated by a sign "Emergency exit" on the window to the inner courtyard, which is intended for an evacuation, while climbing the tower. The all-round view from the viewing platform to the east, south and west into the western part of the Hildesheim district is excellent, especially in clear high-pressure weather. The view to the northwest and north is obscured by the higher Marienberg; therefore the Hanover region cannot be viewed. Taking photos with a tripod is hardly possible because the viewing platform vibrates with every step. There is a cell phone transmitter on top of the keep; Wearers of medical devices should therefore clarify whether climbing the tower is an option for them. (Status: 2010).

In her book Gothische Träume , published in 2005, Isabel Arends examined and documented the original furnishings of all rooms in the palace. She points out that valuable parts of the inventory of Marienburg Castle were also auctioned at the auction and that, according to the invoices, a good part of the auctioned items were purchased specifically for furnishing the castle as a total work of art. She writes about the redesign of the showrooms:

“The redecoration of some of the rooms that has already been carried out for this purpose is characterized by a romantic mix of furnishings of different origins, which in no way correspond to the original stock and reflect neither the royal splendor nor the intention of their creator. A testimony to today's understanding of neo-Gothic spatial art is now being put together from the remaining stock. "

According to this representation, the newly arranged equipment of the showrooms is no longer authentic. Isabel Arend's basic book on Marienburg is not available in the castle's bookshop.

Usage concept from 2006

From 2003 to July 31, 2012, Mauritz von Reden was General Manager of the House of Hanover in Germany and Austria. He had developed a new usage concept for the castle and described it as follows in the spring of 2006:

“There are four pillars on which our work stands: firstly, a museum concept with a permanent exhibition and special exhibitions; secondly, the gastronomy, the restaurant in the old horse stables and the coach house ...; thirdly, the rental of the chapel and other rooms for weddings, receptions and parties; and fourthly, the events in the courtyard: jazz concerts, morning pints and a classical series ... "

The new usage concept brought significant restrictions for the property, which is owned by Ernst August Prince von Hannover VI. and includes the paths and parking spaces as well as the surrounding forest area with the prehistoric sites. The car park is declared a private car park. It is only open to visitors to the castle museum; Vehicles parked illegally will be towed away for a fee at the risk of the owner. Access for motorcyclists is prohibited. This means that the parking of vehicles by hikers who do not visit the castle is prohibited. The traditional motorcycle and classic car meetings are also no longer allowed to take place here. Written filming permission from Marienburg Castle administration is required for press-relevant photos, films or other recordings . The setting up of sales areas and sales vehicles is only permitted with the written approval of the administration. The butcher master and takeaway owner Friedrich-Karl Bordt felt this regulation, who, with the verbal approval of the Welfen boss Ernst August IV, who died in 1987, sold sausages for 26 years in the parking lot of Marienburg Castle and on May 9, 2007 the parking lot with his snack bar for always had to leave. The press photos taken were not allowed to be published.

In February 2008 the working group Fascination Schlösser im Leine- und Weserbergland was founded, to which the castles Bevern , Bückeburg , Corvey , Fürstenberg , Hämelschenburg and Marienburg as well as the Hamelin Marketing and Tourism Society belong. The aim of the cooperation is joint marketing with travel arrangements for tourists from home and abroad. To this end, the travel company EAC GmbH Schloss Marienburg was founded , which specializes in southern Lower Saxony.

Marienburg Castle as a film set

The castle has also been used as a film set since 2012. From July 2014 onwards, there will be special guided tours in Marienburg Castle, during which the locations of the television series "In Your Dreams - Summer of Your Life" will be shown and explained (as of October 17, 2013). The following films were made in Marienburg Castle:

The Marienberg Bridge

The Marienberg Bridge around 1865 with new rounded stone walls at the entrances

In 1860 the Hanoverian royal family built the Marienberg Bridge as a wooden yoke bridge over the Leine for 16,500 Reichstalers . The Jochbrücke was replaced by a stone bridge in 1911. There was also a ferry on the east side of the bridge in 1911. Until 1935, the bridge was provided with a barrier, which was guarded by a gatekeeper to prevent unauthorized vehicle traffic to the Marienburg. Only after the construction of the K 505 district road in 1935 were vehicles given free travel to Nordstemmen and Adensen.

The royal receiving station in Nordstemmen

Nordstemmen station in 1861
Front of the empty reception building in 2007

The station building in Nordstemmen station was built from 1853 to 1854 by the architects Conrad Wilhelm Hase and Julius Rasch . Hase planned the entrance building based on the medieval brick Romanesque and brick Gothic in the style of romantic historicism .

When the station building was being built, there were no plans to build the Marienburg. After the completion of the building, Conrad Wilhelm Hase designed rooms for the royal family in the interior of the reception building and a buffet for the court in the first and second class waiting room between 1858 and 1860. This made the station a royal receiving station. It forms an architectural ensemble with Marienburg Castle .

If King George V wanted to go to Marienburg, he left the train with his court in Nordstemmen. He traveled in a three-axle railroad salon car designed by EJH Witte in 1853 , which was richly decorated on the outside with coats of arms, medals, initials and royal crowns. The workshop of the railway maintenance depot served as a storage hall for this railway saloon car of the royal family. The station buildings in Hanover and in Salzderhelden also contained rooms for the royal family, which were later available to the emperor when he arrived in his railway saloon car.

See also

literature

Children and families

  • Verena and Volker Stahnke (text): Marienburg Castle. In Silke Beck, Susanne Wildermann, Birgit Roos, Burkhard Wetekam (Red.): 12 green treasures. Discovery tours for children in the city and region of Hanover , for children between 5 and 12 years, publisher: Wissenschaftsladen Hannover e. V. in cooperation with the state capital Hanover and the Hanover region, Hanover: Transfer-Medien, 2013, ISBN 978-3-9814315-5-1 ; Table of contents and publisher's announcement ( Memento of May 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), pp. 106–115.

Overall representations

  • Gottfried Kiesow : Marienburg Castle. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1963. 11th edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1990.
  • Margret Zimmermann, Hans Kensche: Castles and palaces in Hildesheimer Land. Lax Publishing House, Hildesheim 1998.
  • Jan Brinkmann: Stories from Lower Saxony. Land & Forest Edition, Landbuch Verlagsgesellschaft, Hanover 2004, ISBN 3-7842-0670-0 .
  • Prince Ernst August of Hanover (ed.): Marienburg Castle. Schulenburg an der Leine 2005 (brochure with color illustrations, available in Marienburg Castle)
  • Isabel Arends: "Never back". History and fate of Marienburg Castle. In: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe e. V. (Ed.): Springer Yearbook 2006. pp. 47–66, pp. 119–124.

Building history of Marienburg Castle

  • Conrad Wilhelm Hase. Builder of Historicism. Exhibition catalog, Historisches Museum am Hohen Ufer, Hanover 1968, pp. 17–22. (Building history of the Marienburg, source for building drawings and illustrations)
  • Dehio Handbook of German Art Monuments: Bremen, Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1977, pp. 767–768. (Floor plan of the castle p. 769)
  • Günther Kokkelink , Monika Lemke-Kokkelink : Architecture in Northern Germany. Architecture and handicrafts of the Hanover School 1850-1900. Schlütersche, Hanover 1998.
  • Werner Wagener: He couldn't finish his work. The architectural controversy between Hase and Oppler during the construction of Marienburg in 1864. Hase - the real creator. In: Hildesheimer Heimat-Kalender 2000. Verlag Gebrüder Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 2000, pp. 110–114.
  • Werner Wagener: The rise and fall of Eduard Julius Hugo Witte. From the owner of the salt works to the castle captain of the Marienburg. In: Hildesheimer Heimat-Kalender. Calendar for family and home. Yearbook for art and science in the Hildesheimer Land. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 2002, pp. 99-104. ISSN  0340-8477 .
  • Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. (= Hannoversche Studien , Volume 11.) Hannover 2005, ISBN 3-7752-4961-3 .
  • Isabel Maria Arends: “Never back”. History and fate of Marienburg Castle. In: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe e. V. (Ed.): Springer Yearbook 2006 , pp. 47–65.
  • Nadine Pflüger, Werner Beermann: The architect Conrad Wilhelm Hase and his buildings from earlier times. Series of publications by the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Elze and its districts e. V., Issue 7. Ed .: Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Elze, Elze 2007.
  • Alexander Dylong: Hanover's last ruler. King George V between Guelph tradition and political reality. MatrixMedia, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-932313-49-3 .
  • Ronald Clark: Excursus on the projected park at the Marienburg by Christian Schaumburg . In: Herrenhausen Summer Academy 2012 “Palaces and their gardens”: Abstracts of lectures. Hanover, June 14 to August 16, 2012. Ed .: Friends of the Herrenhausen Gardens ..., Hanover 2013. pp. 61–63.
  • Mauritz von Reden: Marienburg Castle - Vision and Reality. See pp. 53-60.

The Furtwängler organ in the castle chapel

  • Christian Eickhoff: The organ of the Marienburg. In: Report on the specialist conference on early romantic organ building in Lower Saxony. Hildesheim, 16.-18. September 1976. Publication of the Society of Organ Friends No. 60. Ed .: Uwe Pape. Pape, Berlin 1977. pp. 113-115. ISBN 3-921140-15-3 .
  • Werner Wagener: It doesn't work without a palace chapel. Queen Marie loved music. In: Hildesheimer Heimat-Kalender. Calendar for family and home . Yearbook for art and science in the Hildesheimer Land. - Hildesheim: Gerstenberg. - ISSN  0340-8477 . 2004, pp. 37-42.
  • Werner Wagener: The Furtwängler organ in the Marienburg. In: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe e. V. (Ed.): Springer Yearbook 2007 , pp. 92–97.
Marienburg Castle in the years 1866–1867
  • GM Willis (ed.): Hanover's fateful year 1866 in King George V's correspondence with Queen Marie. Hildesheim 1966.
  • Werner Wagener: The last few days at Marienburg Castle. Queen Marie goes into exile. In: Hildesheimer Heimat-Kalender. Calendar for family and home. Yearbook for art and science in the Hildesheimer Land. - Hildesheim: Gerstenberg. 1997, pp. 57-59. - ISSN  0340-8477
  • Werner Wagener: You even came from Wendland. Farmers visited Queen Marie at the Marienburg near Nordstemmen. In: Home calendar 2003 for the Lüneburg Heath. Celle 2002, p. 87 f.
  • Isabel Arends: Excursion “without a fog cap” to Marienburg Castle. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter, New Series , Volume 59. Hanover 2005, pp. 189–192.
  • The Marienburg and her mistress . In: The Gazebo . Issue 27, 1867, pp. 421-424 ( full text [ Wikisource ]). ( Reprinted in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter, New Series , Volume 59. Hannover 2005, pp. 193–199). (This article, launched by the Prussian government, is intended to give the reader the impression that Marienburg Castle , which was closely guarded by Prussian gendarmes in the summer of 1867, was by no means an internment camp for Queen Marie, in which she was under house arrest.)
  • Ernst Gottfried Mahrenholz: A kingdom becomes a province. About Hanover’s fateful year 1866. MatrixMedia, Göttingen 2011.

Auctions and their consequences
Sotheby's auction catalog for the auction of works of art from the royal house of Hanover in October 2005.

  • Sotheby’s : Works of art from the Royal House of Hanover: Marienburg Castle, 5–15 October 2005. Sotheby’s, Amsterdam a. a. 2005. (Works of art of the Royal House of Hanover at the auction in Marienburg Castle on October 5-15, 2005.)
    • Vol. 1: The history of the House of Hanover and the highlights of the auction = The history of the House of Hanover and the highlights of the auction. - 2005. - 342 p .: mostly Ill., Graph. Darst.
  • Vol. 2: Illustrated handbook & index: lots 1 - 1916 = Illustrated handbook and index. - 2005. - 318 p .: mostly Ill.
  • Vol. 3: Illustrated handbook & index: lots 2001 - 4740 = Illustrated handbook and index. - 2005. - 342 p .: mostly Ill.
  • Vol. 4: Additional lots. - 2005. - 88 pp.
  • DVD: Volumes I, II & III on DVD = Volume I, II and III on DVD. - 2005

Collections in Marienburg Castle (whereabouts unknown)

  • Christof Boehringer (author of the articles) and the Archaeological Institute of the University of Göttingen: The sculptures of the Wallmoden collection. Exhibition in memory of Christian Gottlob Heyne (1729–1812). Göttingen 1979. - The collection had been at Marienburg Castle since 1978.
  • The furniture of the reception rooms of the royal family in the reception building of Nordstemmen station has been kept in Marienburg Castle since 1867.
  • Archaeological finds on the construction site of Marienburg Castle were located in Marienburg Castle and were shown in the castle's exhibition before the Sotheby's auction.

Sotheby's auction literature

  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Busse: Works of art of the Royal House of Hanover. For auction at the Marienburg. In: The Federation: Lower Saxony, Germany, Europe. Journal of the Welfenbund, Hanover. Vol. 53 (2005) No. 150, pp. 10-11.
  • Axel Wermelskirchen: estimate 40,000, hammer price 540,000. The auction of the Welfenschätze at Marienburg Castle brings record proceeds. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine: Zeitung für Deutschland Edition D. - Verlag Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Frankfurt am Main 2005, October 7, p. 7.
  • Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Sale. The Marienburg of the Guelphs in the focus of interests. There is a lack of memories and exhibits for a "North German Neuschwanstein" . In: Lower Saxony, magazine for culture, history, home and nature since 1859 , issue 2/2006, p. 34 f. (The same text can be found with small changes under the title: In the focal point. The Marienburg. In: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe eV (Ed.): Springer Jahrbuch 2006 , pp. 67–73, pp. 125 f. )
  • Gisela Bungarten, Jochen Luckhardt (eds.): Welfenschätze collected, sold, preserved by museums. Exhibition in Dankwarderode Castle, Braunschweig, June 7th to September 2nd, 2007 / Herzog-Anton-Ulrich-Museum, Art Museum of the State of Lower Saxony, Lower Saxony Museums Braunschweig. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-86568-262-8 .
  • Gisela Bungarten: Large auction on the Marienburg, see pages 20–23.

Fairy tales and legends from Marienburg Castle

  • Wilhelm Barner: Hoike. Legends and stories from the country between Hildesheimer Wald and Ith. (= Series of publications by the Alfeld Local History Museum , No. 7.) Alfeld undated (1960), p. 24 f., P. 119 and p. 162.
  • Isabel Arends, Ernst August Prince of Hanover (ed.): Fairy tales for the queen. Magical art and history in Marienburg Castle. MatrixMedia Verlag, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-932313-50-9 .

Marienberg Bridge

  • Hans Kleuker: Once upon a time ... in Nordstemmen. Preserving the past for the future. Pp. 119-120. Self-published, Nordstemmen 2014.

Varia

  • Marienburg District: Information from the Marienburg District . Self-published, Harbansen on Alfeld / Leine 1958–1975. No. 1.1958 - 29.1975 [?].

Archives

  • Lower Saxony Main State Archives Dep. 103 (historical documents on the construction of the Marienburg) in the State Archives in Pattensen
  • Marienburg archive (almost 2000 architectural drawings with preliminary sketches, drafts and work drawings)
  • City Archives Hannover (estate of the architect Edwin Oppler with over 100 drawings for the expansion of the Marienburg, photographs and his publications during the construction of the Marienburg)

Web links

Commons : Marienburg Castle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ After the departure of Queen Marie on July 24, 1867, work in Marienburg Castle continued until December 1869. See Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hanover 2005, p. 90.
  2. ↑ Seven castles in the Leine and Weser Uplands
  3. ↑ Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung from March 15, 2014.
  4. ↑ Welfenprinz sells Marienburg for one euro In: Braunschweiger Zeitung . Edition of November 29, 2018.
  5. ^ Marienburg: Ernst August junior holds on to the sale at ndr.de from December 11, 2018
  6. ↑ Christoph Hamann: Marienburg: Ernst August defends himself against sale at ndr.de from February 9, 2019
  7. ↑ Marienburg: Ernst August Sr. files an objection to ndr.de on February 5, 2019
  8. ↑ "The money is gone" - son contradicts Ernst August Prince of Hanover. In: Der Spiegel from January 31, 2019
  9. ↑ Christoph Hamann: Future of the Marienburg: Agreement on Monday? at ndr.de on March 3, 2019
  10. ↑ Quoted from: Isabel Arends: Gothische Träume. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hanover 2005. p. 51.
  11. ↑ Dep. 103, XXIV No. 6010.
  12. ↑ Dep. 103, Building Things Marienburg, Conf.XI. VI.
  13. ^ Alheidis von Rohr : State and city car from the Hanoverian stables. Historisches Museum am Hohen Ufer, Hanover 1980. p. 15 and note 65 on p. 47.
  14. ↑ Stadtarchiv Uelzen, No. 1274 pr 22/6 66. Quoted from: Ernst Gottfried Mahrenholz: A kingdom becomes a province. About Hanover’s fateful year 1866. MatrixMedia, Göttingen 2011. P. 64, note 77.
  15. ↑ Walther Kabel : The crown treasure of the Cumberlander . In: The book for everyone. Illustrated family newspaper. Chronicle of the present. 49th year 1914. Issue 9. Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart.
  16. ↑ The Cumberlander Crown Treasure
  17. ↑ Source: Duchess Viktoria Luise , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 12/1981 of March 9, 1981, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible).
  18. ↑ Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung from March 15, 2014.
  19. ↑ The auction catalogs are given here .
  20. ↑ Waldemar R. Röhrbein: Sale. The Marienburg of the Guelphs in the focus of interests. In: Lower Saxony (magazine for culture, history, homeland and nature since 1859), 2/2006, p. 34 f.
  21. ↑ Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung No. 84, p. 19 of April 8, 2006.
  22. ↑ The exhibition opening in full length. ( Memento from May 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) NDR (Video)
  23. ↑ Expensive standing aid for the Marienburg at ndr.de from November 14, 2014.
  24. ↑ Source: Leine-Deister-Zeitung , November 12, 2014.
  25. ↑ Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hanover 2005, p. 54.
  26. ↑ Simon Benne: Ailing fairytale castle and interview Receipt is of public interest. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of November 14, 2014, p. 15.
  27. ↑ Castle devours millions. Maintenance of the Marienburg is becoming too expensive for owners - will a foundation solve the problems? In: Leine-Nachrichten of the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , July 19, 2016, week 29. P. 1
  28. ↑ See Leine-Deister Zeitung of March 5, 2014.
  29. ^ Leine Nachrichten of the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , October 8, 2014, p. 6.
  30. ↑ The lock opens again on Saturday . In: Leine Nachrichten of the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of January 2, 2017 on p. 3
  31. ↑ cf. Reinhold Baumstark (Ed.): Silver and Gold. Augsburg goldsmith's art for the courts of Europe. Exhibition catalog, Bavarian National Museum Munich, Munich 1994. Volume 2, pp. 354–373.
  32. ↑ Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. ( Memento of the original from April 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Hanover 2005, pp. 93-94. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / deposit.ddb.de
  33. ↑ Mauritz von Reden: Welfen plans. The authorized representative of the Prince of Hanover for the redesign of Marienburg Castle. In: Lower Saxony (magazine for culture, history, homeland and nature since 1859), 2/2006, p. 36 f.
  34. ↑ The restrictions were found on the prohibition signs that were put up in the parking lot at the beginning of May 2007. See Leine-Nachrichten of the Hannoversche Allgemeine , issue 108 of May 10, 2007, p. 1.
  35. ↑ The property boundaries are shown on the map by A. Umlauff from autumn 1895.
  36. ↑ The takeaway owner Friedrich-Karl Bordt, who has been selling sausages in the parking lot of Marienburg Castle for 26 years, is clearing his stand. (No longer available online.) Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, 2007, formerly in the original ; Retrieved January 1, 2007 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.haz.de
  37. ↑ Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hannover 2005: Note 43 on p. 96. See Dep. 103, XXIV No. 5927 Acta re. "Construction of the bridge over the Leine at Marienberg 1858-61".

Coordinates: 52 ° 10 ′ 22 "  N , 9 ° 45 ′ 58"  E