United States Department of Energy
Coordinates: 38 ° 53 '13 " N , 77 ° 1' 34" W.
United States Department of Energy | |
---|---|
Set up: | 4th August 1977 |
Seat: | James Forrestal Headquarters Complex , Washington, DC |
Supervisory authority: | President of the United States |
minister | Dan Brouillette |
Deputy | vacant |
Household: | $ 30.6 billion (2012) |
Employees: | 13,341 civil servants (2013) 93,094 employees (2008) |
Homepage: | energy.gov |
The United States Department of Energy (officially United States Department of Energy , DOE ) is a ministry within the Federal Government of the United States , responsible for energy and nuclear safety. Fall within the remit of the Ministry
- the state nuclear weapons program
- the production of nuclear reactors for the Navy
- Energy saving programs
- Research in the field of energy generation (see National Research Institutions )
- the disposal of radioactive waste
- Energy production
The ministry emerged from several government agencies that managed various aspects of energy policy. The first goes back to the Manhattan Project nuclear weapons program and was the Atomic Energy Commission . It was dissolved in 1974 and replaced by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Energy Research and Development Administration of civil and military nuclear research. In response to the first oil crisis in 1973/74 (the oil price tripled in a short time), Jimmy Carter , US President from 1977-1981, united these two and other authorities under the umbrella of a new ministry. The Congress adopted the relevant law on 4 August 1977, the Ministry started its work on 1 October 1977th The chief official of the ministry is the energy minister.
National research institutions
The Ministry of Energy maintains a system of large-scale research facilities, the so-called National Laboratory System , in which basic scientific research and military research (including on nuclear weapons) is carried out. This includes:
- Ames Laboratory
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- National Energy Technology Laboratory
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
- Radiological & Environmental Sciences Laboratory
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Savannah River National Laboratory
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
More functions
The Office of Scientific and Technical Information in the Ministry of Energy offers access to databases on its website containing information from scientific research and development of the Ministry and other authorities and institutes.
The Ministry awards the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Prize every two years to outstanding US scientists who conduct research in the area of responsibility of the Ministry.
The Department of Energy has a department called the Office of Intelligence , as intelligence work and of open and covert sources international information on nuclear weapons and non-proliferation (nuclear non-proliferation), energy security , science and technology in the field of energy and nuclear energy , nuclear safety and nuclear waste procured and evaluates. The analyzes of the specialist scientists are made available to the entire intelligence community and to the federal government.
President Barack Obama created a new position in the White House, Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change, and appointed Carol Browner to the new post. Browner previously worked for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Reshuffle under President Trump
In the course of Donald Trump's presidency , Rick Perry was appointed energy minister, a climate change denier who has rejected many scientific findings on global warming and does not accept the scientific consensus on man-made warming. In 2011 Perry, who was then aspiring to the presidency, had a. a. declares that it wants to completely abolish the Ministry of Energy.
On March 16, 2017, the Trump administration presented its budget plans, which have yet to be confirmed by Congress. Accordingly, the budget of the Ministry of Energy is to be reduced by 5.6% and redistributed within the authority. For example, the budget of the National Nuclear Security Administration , which is responsible for the military use of nuclear energy and the nuclear arsenal , is to increase by 11.3%, while other parts of the ministry are to cut their funds by 17.9%. Among other things, the budget of the science office is to be reduced from a good 5 billion euros by 900 million dollars.
In 2019, efforts were made to frame fossil fuels positively. In a press release from the Ministry of Energy, natural gas was described as a particularly clean energy source and given the term "freedom gas", while elsewhere it was referred to as "peace molecules". This framing found lively echoes in the media and social networks and was compared , among other things, with George Orwell's Newspeak .
List of ministers
No. | image | Surname | Term of office | in the President's Cabinet |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | James Rodney Schlesinger | Aug. 6, 1977 - August 23, 1979 | Jimmy Carter | |
2 | Charles William Duncan | Aug. 24, 1979 - January 20, 1981 | ||
3 | James Burrows Edwards | January 23, 1981 - November 5, 1982 | Ronald Reagan | |
4th | Donald Paul Hodel | November 5, 1982 - February 7, 1985 | ||
5 | John Stewart Herrington | February 7, 1985 - January 20, 1989 | ||
6th | James David Watkins | March 1, 1989 - January 20, 1993 | George Bush | |
7th | Hazel Reid O'Leary | January 22, 1993 - January 20, 1997 | Bill Clinton | |
8th | Federico Fabian Peña | March 12, 1997 - June 30, 1998 | ||
9 | William Blaine Richardson | August 18, 1998 - January 20, 2001 | ||
10 | Edward Spencer Abraham | January 20, 2001 - February 1, 2005 | George W. Bush | |
11 | Samuel Wright Bodman | February 1, 2005 - January 20, 2009 | ||
12 | Steven Chu | January 21, 2009 - April 22, 2013 | Barack Obama | |
13 | Ernest Jeffrey Moniz | May 21, 2013 - January 20, 2017 | ||
14th | James Richard Perry | March 2, 2017 - December 1, 2019 | Donald Trump | |
15th | Danny Ray Brouillette | December 4, 2019 - |
See also
Web links
- Website of the Ministry of Energy (English)
- www.osti.gov = Office of Scientific and Technical Information - Access to scientific information from the DOE and others
Individual evidence
- ↑ President-Elect Obama Nominates Dr. Steven Chu as Energy Secretary . US Department of Energy. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ↑ Trump taps former Texas Gov. Rick Perry to head Energy Department he once vowed to abolish . In: Washington Post , December 14, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
- ↑ Trump would increase Energy Department funds to manage nuclear stockpile . In: Washington Post , March 16, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
- ↑ NIH, DOE Office of Science face deep cuts in Trump's first budget . In: Science . March 16, 2017, doi : 10.1126 / science.aal0921 .
- ^ 'Molecules Of Freedom' And 'Freedom Gas' - Energy Department Tries To Rebrand Non-Renewable Energy Sources . In: The Hill , May 30, 2019. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
- ↑ Trump administration boasts of promoting 'freedom gas' and 'freedom molecules' . In: The Washington Examiner , May 29, 2019. Retrieved May 31, 2019.