Donald Trump's presidency

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Donald Trump's presidency deals with Donald Trump's tenure as the 45th President of the United States , which began with his inauguration for a four-year term on January 20, 2017 . Trump had previously won the 2016 presidential election for the Republicans after a polarized election campaign - surprisingly in the eyes of most observers - against the Democrat Hillary Clinton .

Trump's presidency was America First ; its changeable program ( Trumpism ) incorporates elements of populism , isolationism and protectionism . Trump's relationship with political decision-makers and the media , which report an extraordinary amount about him, is considered tense, and his confrontational and provocative language and style are the subject of numerous debates. Protests against him began even before he took office and solidified over the course of his term of office. Doubts about Trump's authority in office have been expressed in three areas in particular : in matters of competence, psychiatric and neurological health. Trump's anti-establishment presidency has been interpreted in American political history as an expression of a change in the party system, but also as a recourse to Richard Nixon's strategy . In part, his policy for a “silent majority” is interpreted as a counter-movement to the previous presidency of the African American Barack Obama .

Trump can run for another term and immediately began campaigning for the next presidential election in 2020 after taking office .

Inauguration

Donald Trump took his oath of office on the steps of the Capitol like his predecessor on the Lincoln Bible (as well as his own children's Bible )
Trump's inaugural address on January 20, 2017

The inauguration celebrations began in Washington on January 17, 2017. The actual inauguration as the new US President took place after the presidential transition on January 20, 2017 on the Western Front of the Capitol in Washington, DC In his 16-minute inaugural speech, Trump said among other things:

“From now on it's just ' America first '. [...]
Together we will make America strong again. We're going to make America prosperous again. We will make America proud again. We will make America safe again.
America will start winning again - winning like never before.
We will bring our jobs back. We will bring our limits back. We will bring our prosperity back. And we'll bring back our dreams. We're going to build new roads and highways and bridges and airports and tunnels and railways across our wonderful country.
We're going to keep two simple rules: buy American, hire American. We will seek friendship and goodwill among the nations of the world, but we do so with the understanding that it is the right of all nations to put their own interests first. "

The First Lady Melania Trump remained until the end of the school year with her son Barron in New York and moved on June 11, 2017 the White House.

On the day of his inauguration, Trump submitted the documents for participation in the upcoming 2020 election to the federal electoral authority, earlier than any previous incumbent. This made it possible for Trump to collect donations from the start of his presidency, which continued to consist mainly of small sums from individual donors and were spent on merchandising (such as the red Make America Great Again hats ) and for renting office space that the Trump Organization belong. Just four weeks after taking office, Trump held his first election campaign event.

staff

According to an analysis by the Brookings Institution, 21 of the 61 executives appointed by Trump left their positions during the first year of the presidency, a proportion of 34 percent. That was the highest percentage ever in the analyzed first years of US presidencies in the last 40 years, twice as high as the second highest percentage (1981 in the first year of the presidency of Ronald Reagan ). In the first year of Trump's presidency, over a hundred employees left the environmental agency and the foreign ministry, while hundreds of top positions in the federal administration remained vacant. The lack of expertise contributed, among other things, to the humanitarian crisis following the hurricane damage in Puerto Rico. Chuck Todd analyzed in March 2018 that Trump's personnel selection increasingly shows that he surrounds himself with people who publicly seek hard confrontation, are experienced in television appearances and who do not contradict his views. Trump often humiliates the dismissed, for example by making the decision on tweets public.

Consultant and staff functions

Trump named Stephen Bannon as senior adviser shortly after the election, which sparked debate; Until August 2016, Bannon was the owner of the alt-right internet platform Breitbart News Network . In mid-August 2017, it became known that the always controversial Bannon will leave the White House . Kellyanne Conway , who led Trump's election campaign, advises the President in the White House primarily on communicating his politics to the public . The press spokesman until July 2017 was Sean Spicer , who had been spokesman for the Republican National Committee since 2011 . He was followed by Sarah Huckabee Sanders after; The White House communications director was Anthony Scaramucci for ten days in July 2017 . During his short term in office, he replaced the previous Chief of Staff Reince Priebus , who was replaced in July 2017 by the former General and previous Minister of Homeland Security, John F. Kelly .

At the end of December 2016, Trump named his longtime lawyer and confidante Jason Greenblatt , co-director of the Trump Organization , "special representative for international negotiations". He appointed Jerry Falwell Jr. , an advocate of Christian rights and creationism , to head a working group on reforming the Department of Education in late January 2017 .

The successor to the national intelligence chief, James Clapper , was the former Republican Senator and Ambassador to Germany Dan Coats , and Gina Haspel , who had headed a US secret prison in Thailand under George W. Bush , was CIA vice-president .

Trump's daughter Ivanka became Assistant to the President at the end of March 2017 and was given her own office in the White House. She takes care of "softer" issues like women, equality and health. Trump appointed her husband Jared Kushner together with his speechwriter Stephen Miller as senior advisor. In addition, Kushner received special assignments such as the role of Middle East mediator and the management of the White House Office of American Innovation .

Trump created advisory boards such as the Technology Council , the Strategic and Policy Forum, and the American Manufacturing Council . He dissolved the latter two in August 2017 after prominent members such as Travis Kalanick , Elon Musk and Kenneth Frazier resigned in protest against his entry ban , his climate policy and his reaction to the right-wing extremist march in Charlottesville . Another advisory body set up in 1982 by President Ronald Reagan , the President's Committee on the Arts and the Humanities , which included numerous Hollywood actors and artists such as Kal Penn and Jhumpa Lahiri , resigned in mid-August 2017.

cabinet

Trump, James N. Mattis and Mike Pence , January 2017

The Trump cabinet has many political newcomers and career changers , including some business leaders and generals who together have $ 10-15 billion in personal wealth. That's more than a third of all American households and thirty times that of the George W. Bush Cabinet .

Trump, it was a matter of breaking rules, as the German journalist Christoph von Marschall judged: So he nominated Andrew Puzder , the head of the fast food chains Hardee’s and Carl's Jr. , as US Secretary of Labor - contrary to the unwritten rule that the US Democrats did not appoint a union leader and the Republicans did not appoint a company chief as Secretary of Labor. Puzder withdrew his candidacy because of numerous pending lawsuits against his companies. Trump's Minister of Commerce, Wilbur Ross , previously specialized as an investor in the sale of troubled companies. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin , previously a hedge fund manager, has been criticized for his tough dealings with homeowners. Both Mnuchin and Ross, as well as Trump's chief strategist Bannon and other staff members, previously worked for the investment bank Goldman Sachs .

Three key positions in his cabinet occupied Trump with climate opponents and representatives of the oil industry (see denial of man-made global warming ), namely the Energy Minister Rick Perry , the head of the Environmental Protection Agency EPA Scott Pruitt and Foreign Minister Rex Tillerson , previously head of the petroleum group ExxonMobil been was.

Foreign and Security Policy

Donald Trump with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on February 10, 2017 in Washington

Trump's program sees American interests and national security as the main elements of foreign policy. Peace through strength will be the focus: “The world must know that we do not go abroad in search of enemies, that we are always happy when old enemies become friends and when old friends become allies.” The victory over the Islamic The state and other Islamist terror groups have top priority. In addition, the reduction of US armed forces should be put to an end.

staff

On December 13, 2016, Trump nominated Rex Tillerson , the previous head of the oil company ExxonMobil , as foreign minister . After confirmation by the Senate , he has been in office as successor to John Kerry since February 1, 2017. The entire administration of the Foreign Ministry resigned on January 27, 2017 under pressure from the new government.

On the day of his inauguration, Trump dismissed around 80 US ambassadors around the world without notice . With an exchange of staff, there is usually a wait until successors are selected, which can take months with confirmation by the US Senate. As a result, some ambassadorial posts remained unfilled for a long time; For example, Richard Grenell did not take up his post in Berlin until May 8, 2018. Trump appointed the previous governor of the US state of South Carolina , Nikki Haley, as the new US ambassador to the United Nations .

Trump appointed his advisor David M. Friedman ( columnist for the religious-Zionist " settler channel" Arutz Scheva ) as ambassador for Israel . On May 14, 2018, the USA opened a new embassy building in Jerusalem , although the city is not internationally recognized as the capital of Israel and most foreign embassies are therefore in Tel Aviv .

During his presidency (as of July 2020), Trump has on average assigned more ambassadorial posts to campaign donors than to trained diplomats than previous US presidents.

Development Assistance

Shortly after taking office, Trump issued a decree prohibiting development aid for international organizations that advise on abortion. Republican presidents had always adopted similar regulations since 1984 (see Global Gag Rule ), and Democratic presidents overruled them each time. While earlier decrees only related to family planning organizations, the new regulation extends more generally to organizations providing health care abroad, which calls into question the support of numerous clinics.

Air strikes in Syria

On April 7, 2017, Trump, in a departure from his previous reluctance during the Syrian civil war, fired 60 cruise missiles at the Syrian military airfield Asch-Schaʿirat , which apparently killed more than ten people. This intervention, which responded to an alleged poison gas attack by Syrian President Assad against his own people , follows the tradition of targeted air strikes by American presidents and was approved by most of the political establishment in the United States, but also by many top politicians in the western world, although There is no legal basis and no US Congress approval has been obtained . On the other hand, the Russian and Iranian governments allied with Assad and the alt-right movement, which had previously supported Trump, criticized the attack, which Trump's adviser Stephen Bannon had also tried to prevent.

Drone attacks

Trump increased the number of US drone attacks significantly compared to his predecessor Obama, by 432 percent in the first months of his tenure. Overall, more drone attacks were carried out in Trump's first two years in office than Obama's eight years. At the same time, Trump forbade the US military to publish the number of victims of American air strikes - Obama had prescribed such publications at the time.

Trips abroad

Trump with the Egyptian President al-Sisi and the Saudi King Salman in Riyadh

Trump's first major trip abroad at the end of May 2017 led to Saudi Arabia , Israel , the Vatican , NATO in Brussels and the G7 summit in Sicily. As the first US president since Jimmy Carter , Trump did not visit one of the United States' two neighboring countries first.

Trump signed US-Saudi Arabia arms deals worth $ 110 billion, which could grow to around 350 billion over ten years. Human rights violations by the Saudi regime do not play a role. The Israeli energy minister Yuval Steinitz described the deal as worrying. In a speech to over fifty Muslim heads of state in Riyadh , Trump offered a deepened security partnership to combat terrorism and Iran and in return said he would not give any advice on the internal constitution of these states. His predecessors George W. Bush and Barack Obama, on the other hand, had always pointed out the human rights situation and called for democratic and constitutional reforms. Politico commented that Trump had not committed any embarrassment as feared after his anti-Islamic election campaign statements, but had backed some regimes that were largely responsible for the security problems through terrorist support.

Donald and Melania Trump in Israel with President Reuven Rivlin , May 2017

In the subsequent meetings with the European allies, Trump showed great distance, what the journalist David Frum described as a "catastrophe" for the transatlantic relationship. In the new NATO headquarters in Brussels, for example, contrary to the expectations of his security advisers, Trump failed to affirm the unconditional duty of assistance between NATO members in accordance with Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty , and instructed the other heads of state about their payment obligations. At the G7 summit in Taormina , Trump blocked agreements on refugee and climate policy against all other heads of government , whereupon Angela Merkel said after Trump's departure: “The times when we could completely rely on others are a long way off, and therefore I can only say that we Europeans really have to take our fate into our own hands. ”This statement received worldwide attention and was seen, especially in the United States, as an expression of a possible shift in international alliance systems.

After the trip it became known that the arms deals with Saudi Arabia consisted of letters of intent and wish lists; Middle East expert Bruce Riedel described the US $ 110 billion as fake news : After the fall of the oil price and the ongoing conflict in Yemen, Saudi Arabia did not even have the means to meet its previous payment obligations (under Obama, arms deals were worth 112 billion US dollars have been agreed). Apparently encouraged by Trump's trip, several Arab states led by Saudi Arabia broke off diplomatic relations with the small state of Qatar in early June 2017 and closed the borders - on the charge that Qatar was supporting Islamists , while observers believe that the main goal was to push back the - cooperating with Qatar - Iran is a regional power. Trump positioned himself against Qatar with several tweets and thus undermined the line and the mediation efforts of the State Department , which, according to experts, reinforces the impression that the global weight of the USA under Trump is decreasing.

At the beginning of July 2017, Trump completed his second trip abroad to Poland and Germany . In Warsaw he took part in the second summit of the Three Seas Initiative , an association of twelve Central and Eastern European countries, which Trump assured his full support. He spoke to leading Polish politicians and a crowd in front of the Warsaw Uprising Monument of 1944, emphasized the heroism of the fighters of the Armia Krajowa and the Polish nation and for the first time explicitly invoked a common struggle for Western values. The trip also served American energy export interests, which in Europe are in competition with Russian ones. Then Trump took part in the G20 summit in Hamburg , where Trump met Vladimir Putin for the first time.

According to John R. Bolton , Trump praised the Chinese President Xi Jinping for building re-education camps against Uyghurs (see: Re-education of Uyghurs ), but on the other hand signed a law during the further course of his presidency that sanctioned Chinese re-education.

Relationship with North Korea

The US conflict with the Kim Jong-uns regime, which had been smoldering for years, escalated in 2017 under Trump's presidency. As of August 2017, citizens of the United States were no longer allowed to enter North Korea, with few exceptions . After North Korea had apparently achieved the ability to fire nuclear missiles into American territory, Trump intensified his rhetoric against the country in early August 2017 and threatened a first strike. From 2018, the conflict between the United States and North Korea eased. The director of the CIA and later Secretary of State Mike Pompeo visited North Korea on April 1, 2018 and met Kim Jong-un there . Subsequently, on April 27, 2018, there was a meeting between the South Korean President Moon Jae-in and the North Korean ruler Kim Jong-un in the demilitarized zone . On April 30, 2018, the South Korean President Moon Jae-in Trump wished the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to resolve the crisis over the North Korean nuclear program. On June 12, 2018, the summit between Trump and Kim took place in Singapore . A denuclearization of the Korean peninsula and an end to the joint weapons exercises by the USA and South Korea were agreed upon, which had not been agreed with the South Korean government. The sanctions against North Korea remained in place. Trump then announced that there was no longer a nuclear threat from North Korea; everyone could feel much safer now than when Trump took office. At the end of June 2018, US intelligence officials announced that North Korea had expanded its nuclear program.

Another summit took place in February 2019 in the Vietnamese capital Hanoi . This remained inconclusive and was viewed as a failure in the media. Kim called for the partial lifting of the sanctions, which Trump was not ready to do. Nevertheless, he described the course of the conversation as positive. Further talks were promised, but the active endeavors of both countries were calmer for the time being. On June 30, 2019, Donald Trump spontaneously met Kim Jong-un at the inner-Korean border during his visit to South Korea . With the border crossing at Panmunjeom, he is the first incumbent US president to set foot on North Korean soil. Kim was invited to the White House by Trump.

Domestic politics

In January 2017, the Republican majority in both houses of Congress withdrew numerous provisions that Obama had enacted since May 2016, primarily in labor and environmental law - on the basis of a law that would repeal for a period ten days after the inauguration of the new president presidential ordinances of the predecessor allowed with a simple majority.

health

With Tom Price Trump appointed an opponent of President Obama's fundamental health reform (" Obamacare ") as health minister . Even before his inauguration, the Republicans in Congress began drafting a law to abolish Obamacare. After the House of Representatives of the United States canceled a legislative vote in March 2017, initially due to the disagreement of the party wings, it passed an amended reform project on May 4, which, according to the Congressional Budget Office, withdrew health insurance from over 20 million Americans, but significantly eased the burden on the federal budget would have. Several bills with similar effects were developed on this basis in the Senate, which is subject to approval. After Trump put pressure on hesitant senators from his own party and a vote in July still failed, the last opportunity to pass such a law in fiscal 2017 passed at the end of September 2017. In June 2020, in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic In the United States , the Trump administration appealed to the Supreme Court in order to have Obamacare abolished by court order. Previously, hundreds of thousands of Americans had re-used the program after previously losing their jobs during the pandemic.

Shortly after taking office, Trump canceled all financial aid for organizations that offer advice or abortion by decree .

In the summer of 2019, it became known that Trump was planning to lower the selling prices of drugs through an executive order. Cuts are planned in the prices of most drugs sold to Medicare and other government programs.

COVID-19 pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, he initially played down the dangers and made a large number of false statements on the subject. Among other things, he repeatedly recommended the use of drugs such as chloroquine and azithromycin that were not tested for their effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 , which caused poisoning to people who listened to this advice . In April 2020, he speculated at a press conference, among other things, about the injection of disinfectants as a therapy against the virus, which Trump described, among other things, as the China virus. Disinfectants often contain caustic, toxic and carcinogenic substances, so that an injection can be fatal. He also speculated about the use of UV light against the virus, which can lead to skin damage and even skin cancer . Disaster control agencies, health authorities and doctors issued warnings that under no circumstances should disinfectants or detergent capsules be taken, as this could be fatal. There was also an overload on a health hotline.

In 2018, Trump disbanded the pandemic crisis team set up by his predecessor Obama. According to experts, its dissolution was the main reason for the inadequate preparation of the USA for the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the pandemic, he took the active ingredient hydroxychloroquine , whose effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 has not been proven.

Trump also repeatedly downplayed the rapidly increasing number of new infections by claiming that the number would only increase due to many tests. But if no tests were done, the US would have no cases. Trump then suggested reducing the number of tests to get a lower infection rate. Scientists attribute the high number of cases above all to the easing promoted by Trump.

When the CDC recommended the use of face masks, Trump said he would not wear one ("I just can't imagine myself doing that"). On June 17, 2020, he claimed that some US citizens only wore the mask to express their disapproval of him. Curfews and social distancing are largely factually discussed. Wearing a mask, on the other hand, has become a question of faith, at least for the hard core of Trump supporters. Republican governors like the Texan Greg Abbott , who had spoken out against a mask requirement , changed their position after the number of new infections in the states they govern like Texas, Florida and Arizona has been increasing for weeks (as of July 11, 2020) .

For Trump's campaign kick-off event in Tulsa, Oklahoma, 6,200 Trump supporters came to the BOK Center , a hall with 19,000 seats; nevertheless, most of them - without a mask - sat close together. On July 8, the Tulsa Health Department chief announced that on July 6, 261 and July 7, 206 new infections had been recorded in Tulsa County alone . It said it was 'more than likely' to be linked to Trump's campaign launch event.

trade

Donald Trump nominated economist Peter Navarro , an opponent of Chinese trade policy, as director of the newly created National Trade Council in the White House . Navarro and Minister of Economic Affairs Wilbur Ross formulated in a white paper that US corporations can be punished if they transact parts of their added value beyond the US borders. According to Navarro, “no more US interests should be sacrificed on the altar of world trade” in the future.

At the end of January 2017, Navarro criticized Germany for its high trade surplus ; a day later, Trump accused Japan and China of devaluing their currencies in order to gain advantages in foreign trade . From the end of April 2017, the USA imposed a 20% punitive tariff on softwood imports in the course of an escalation of trade disputes with Canada (allegation of inadmissible state subsidies for the local timber industry ) .

The Washington Post ranked Trump's claim that the US is “losing” hundreds of billions of dollars annually to its trade deficit as one of its biggest, most reiterated lies. In fact, states do not lose money through current account deficits; they simply mean that citizens of one state are more interested in the goods of the other state than the other way around.

The trade war with China started by the Trump administration had no positive impact on stated goals of reducing the United States' trade deficit. This increased further under Trump's presidency and reached a ten-year record high in 2018.

household

The draft presented by Donald Trump's office in mid-March for the 2017/2018 financial year beginning October 1, 2017, provides for cuts of 30% to US $ 5.6 billion and 3,200 jobs for the EPA. The agency for pioneering energy research projects (ARPA-E) is to be closed in 2017. The National Weather Agency (NOAAA) is to receive 10% less money, the budget of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is to be cut by almost 30%, especially for foreign aid. The defense budget is expected to rise by almost ten percent (54 billion US dollars), while the budget of health institutes will decrease by 20% to 26 billion US dollars. The budget of the Ministry of Labor is to be cut by 21%.

The US government shutdown , which has been in effect since December 22, 2018 , after President Donald Trump and Congress were unable to agree on a US budget because of Trump's request to finance a concrete border wall on the border with Mexico, had massive effects on US national parks. Due to the budget freeze, the staff was no longer paid and no management was carried out. The toilet facilities were closed and garbage was not removed. Because of feces and urine along the roads, roads, campsites and rest areas were closed. Since no entry had to be paid to visit the park, there was still an increase in the number of visitors. Some service measures could only be maintained through private companies working in the parks and volunteers.

Judiciary

Law and Order Policy

To improve law enforcement, the Trump administration announced a “ Law and Order ” policy. More effective policing should reduce the number of homicides in cities. It is not the job of the state to make life easier for rioters, looters and violent troublemakers. Trump is obliged to build a border wall to stop illegal immigration, gangs and drug trafficking . Prosecution also means the deportation of illegal immigrants who have committed criminal offenses.

Because of protests, some of which were violent, following the death of George Floyd , Trump, in consultation with Tim Walz , the governor of Minnesota , activated the Minnesota National Guard and the Washington DC National Guard at the end of May 2020 and, after their deployment, spoke in general for the possibility of one Domestic deployment of the United States Army . He had previously called Jacob Frey , Mayor of Minneapolis (where the protests began), a "very weak, left-wing mayor" and attested him a "complete lack of leadership". After the protests partially escalated in Portland , Oregon , Trump dispatched federal police officers to that city against the wishes of the Oregon government and against the wishes of the Mayor of Portland ( Ted Wheeler ). The state then sued against the use of officials, which Trump justified by protecting state buildings. Contrary to Trump's justification, however, video recordings show how unidentifiable persons in military clothing arrest demonstrators without a formal address and use civilian cars to take away those arrested. Those arrested told the media that they did not feel certain whether this was a kidnapping. The state's indictment against the use of federal police officers took up these incidents.

After the police violence against Jacob Blake and the subsequent protests in August 2020, Trump activated the national guard of that state in consultation with Tony Evers , the governor of Wisconsin .

Conservative remodeling of the Supreme Court

Since the nine judges of the Supreme Court are de facto appointed for life, an incumbent president is usually only given the opportunity to appoint a new member of the Supreme Court if one of the incumbent members resigns, which is usually through age-related resignation or by the death of the incumbent. Once judges have been appointed, they are usually in office for many years and therefore fundamentally influence the judiciary over decades. In the first half of his tenure, President Trump was given two opportunities to appoint a new member of the Supreme Court: on the one hand, Neil Gorsuch in April 2017 to succeed Antonin Scalia, who died in 2016, and, on the other, Brett Kavanaugh , who replaced Anthony, who resigned in July 2018 Kennedy .

immigration

The head of the US border protection agency, Mark Morgan, resigned in late January 2017 under pressure from the new administration. On January 24, 2017, Trump announced that he would be cutting financial aid for Sanctuary Cities , which do not arrest illegally entered immigrants. The city of San Francisco won a lawsuit against it in late April 2017; Under the US Constitution, the distribution of federal grants is not the discretion of the President, but of Congress.

The hate crimes rose sharply after the election Trumps, after rising since the beginning of the campaign code, 2015. In 2017, despite the decline, the level remained above the level seen until the 2016 election, which many observers have linked to Trump's chauvinistic and confrontational policies.

There are also plans to tighten the requirements for issuing visas. Anyone who cannot provide evidence of health insurance within 30 days of arriving in the USA or otherwise document their ability to assume medical costs should no longer receive a visa in the future.

Border with mexico

Trump keeps building or adding to existing structures for a 3200 km long, according to the tender up to nine meters high, estimated to cost between 25 and 40 billion dollars (approx. 23 to 37 billion euros), "of Mexico to be financed ”, according to the requirements of the US Department of Homeland Security,“ insurmountable for humans ”wall. He ordered the implementation of one of his key campaign promises on January 24, 2017. After the new US budget law did not achieve a majority in both chambers of Congress at the end of April 2017 due to the post planned by Trump for the construction of the wall and a budget freeze threatened (" Government Shutdown "), the President postponed the financing issue until autumn of that year.

On January 27, 2017, Trump reportedly threatened Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto by phone that he would use US forces if Mexico did not stop its “bad hombres” (“bad people”).

It was planned to introduce punitive tariffs of five percent on imported goods from Mexico on June 10, 2019. However, these punitive tariffs were suspended indefinitely after the US and Mexico recently signed an agreement that Mexico would take action against illegal migration towards the US border in order to "greatly reduce or eliminate" it. A withdrawal of asylum seekers by Mexico is not provided for in the agreement.

Entry of Muslims

On December 7, 2015, after the terrorist attack in San Bernardino , Trump called for a complete entry ban for Muslims into the US for an indefinite period (see immigration and refugee policy ). With the order 13769 ("Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States") Trump ordered a 90-day period on January 27, 2017 for citizens of the seven Muslim countries Iran , Iraq , Yemen , Libya , Somalia , Sudan and Syria Entry ban suspended by several federal judges . Order 13780, which was issued, reformulated and defused on March 6, 2017, was suspended in court, most recently on June 12, 2017 by a chamber of the United States Court of Appeals for the 9th judicial district. This decided that Trump's order exceeded the statutes , going beyond the previous justifications that the religious freedom of the constitution had been violated.

The Trump administration called the Supreme Court in June 2017 . On June 26, 2017, the latter decided to accept the case and provisionally put parts of the entry ban into effect for the period up to the hearing. According to this, only those who can prove “real” or credible relationships with the United States are allowed to enter from the countries concerned, which applies to family members, students or employees of American companies. On December 4, the Supreme Court put the entry ban into effect for the time being. On June 26, 2018, the Supreme Court declared the entry ban for nationals of the seven states mentioned to be legal with a very narrow majority of 5 to 4 votes.

Zero tolerance strategy

The government of President Trump pursued with regard to immigration a zero tolerance policy ( zero tolerance policy ). In this context, numerous immigrants - including those with valid residence permits such as a green card - have been arrested in preparation for deportation if, for example, on the occasion of a legal border crossing, it was found that they had been found guilty of certain criminal offenses, even if there were many Years ago. With regard to immigration to the USA, expungement is also ineffective. Conversely, people who have acquired US citizenship cannot be deported unless they were granted citizenship or a green card through fraud. Deportation proceedings have been initiated, for example, after offenses related to drugs or election fraud.

Separation of families as part of the zero tolerance strategy

As part of the zero tolerance strategy, over two thousand children of illegally immigrated persons have been separated from their parents. Families who legitimately sought asylum at border crossings were also separated .

Up until around February 2018, children were separated from their parents, especially if the parents were treated in hospital, if they had an entry in the national or foreign criminal record, or if parenting was questioned. Children are classified as unaccompanied minors in the event of separation. The US jurisprudence places strict limits on the detention of children for the sole purpose of illegal entry. Typically, families awaiting deportation or applying for asylum were soon released and allowed to stay in the country until their case was resolved.

In February 2017, John F. Kelly arranged for the arrest of parents who paid money to have their children smuggled across the border . This should prevent families from giving children into the hands of people smugglers.

In March, Kelly said he was considering using the separation of illegally immigrant families as a deterrent to illegal immigration. Children should be taken into custody separately from their parents until they can be handed over to a relative already living in the country or a state guardian. Critics described the planned separation of mothers and children as a violation of human rights. Kelly initially did not pursue his plan. He reported on April 5 that the number of parents who were apprehended while trying to cross the border with their children was 93% lower in March than in December.

According to media reports, at least 2,700 children were separated from their parents in the period from October 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018, including 1,995 from April 18 to May 31, 2018 alone. Not counting are children from families who at an official border crossing Sought asylum and were subsequently separated. Some parents are told at the judicial hearing that they will only see their children again if they plead guilty. In April 2018, Trump stated in a memo that he would put an end to the practice of catch and release (which roughly translates as catching and letting go ), after which many illegal immigrants apprehended at the Mexican border could then move freely around the country. In May 2018, Jeff Sessions stated that he had a zero-tolerance policy of detaining all illegal immigrants, in which children would be separated from their parents and taken into custody. Kelly described this as a "hard deterrent" in an interview.

The separation of the families led to an intense debate in the media in June 2018. The media quoted statements by members of the government, according to which Trump expects the family separation to strengthen his negotiating position in the US Congress. Harsh criticism expressed the UNHCR spokeswoman Ravina Shamdasani . UNHCR had information on several hundred children, including a 12-month-old, who had been separated from their parents in October 2017. The practice of separation dates back to January 2017, when Trump issued two decrees (executive orders) . She also cited a mass lawsuit initiated by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) by parents forcibly separated from their children. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American College of Physicians (ACP) and Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) referred to long-term psychological and health damage from toxic stress and the risk of trauma .

In June 2018 took Dianne Feinstein and other members of the Senate a push for legislation, known as Keep Families Together Act , which would only allow a child by a parent separation, if the child victims of abuse or trafficking would be or when a The court decides that the separation is in the best interests of the child.

On June 20, 2018, President Trump signed an executive order entitled “Affording Congress an Opportunity to Address Family Separation” for the joint accommodation of families. It remained open how and how soon separated families would be reunited.

The Justice Department said on June 29 that families would not be separated from now on, but would be detained together until the end of their asylum procedure. It also applied for an exemption from the Flores v. 1997 Reno Settlement , which prevents children from being detained for illegal migration for more than 20 days: children should be allowed to be detained with their parents and detention facilities should not require a state license. A judge denied the application on July 9.

A court ruling was issued on June 26, 2018, according to which the families apprehended prior to the executive order must be reunited. The judge set two deadlines for this: July 10th for children under five and July 26th 2018 for all other minors. Shortly before the first deadline had expired, exceptions were granted for cases in which the merger was particularly difficult.

In mid-November 2018, more than 14,000 immigrant children were in custody for the first time, which was seen as a sign that the Trump administration has made no changes to its policies.

Civil protection

After Puerto Rico was badly devastated during the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season , criticism of Trump's disaster management rose. Among other things, he initially refused to allow economic relief for the hard-hit island. Among other things, a law forbade aid from non-American aid organizations, as only aid supplies from American organizations were allowed to be transported to Puerto Rico on American ships. Thereupon the mayor of San Juan, Carmen Yulin Cruz accused him of "deadly inefficiency". Trump replied on Twitter that this was fake news and called the criticism an act of "politically motivated ingratitude"; the island's authorities are incapable. In September 2018, he denied the number of deaths on the island and dismissed it as a political campaign against him. While 64 official fatalities were initially named, this number was later corrected to around 3,000. The hurricanes did not kill 3000 people, rather the Democrats tried to make him “look as bad as possible” with this number. Trump himself praised the work of his administration, saying that it had done an "unappreciated, great job". The US Federal Emergency Management Agency , however, had already admitted various problems with the implementation of the aid operation in July. The Puerto Rican authorities have also launched an investigation into the matter. It was also considered particularly insensitive that Trump threw rolls of paper to the victims of the disaster during his visit to the island.

Culture and science

Under President Trump, the media clearly see anti-scientific tendencies in many ministries . These include For example, the control and dismissal of scientists from authorities and government-owned research institutions, the undermining of scientific processes where scientific knowledge is contrary to the economic policy goals of the government, or the filling of scientific positions and bodies with people without a scientific background or from industry. In addition, Trump is the first president since World War II to do without a science advisor.

The government wants the Trump National Endowment for the Humanities ( National Endowment for Humanities , NEH) and the National Endowment for the Arts ( National Endowment for the Arts dissolve NEA). Since 1965, the NEH has awarded $ 148 million annually in grants and fellowships , also for the promotion of indigenous culture , for the preservation of cultural heritage , for digital humanities and media productions for cultural education.

Created in 1967, Corporation for Public Broadcasting (Society for Public Broadcasting) is to be privatized , all public subsidies for the non- commercial radio ( National Public Radio ) should be deleted.

Environment and energy

In energy policy, Trump wants to "maximize the use of American resources" and "free the country from dependence on foreign oil"; Regulations serving environmental protection are to be dismantled. By April 2020, he had weakened or completely reversed more than 100 environmental protection laws. Historian Douglas Brinkley stated that Trump waged a blitzkrieg against the environment and wanted to reverse Obama's environmental legislation, but rather turn the clock back on environmental policy to before Richard Nixon's presidency (1969–1974). It was around this time that the environmental movement emerged in the United States .

As more and more information on climate change and environmental protection disappeared from official websites and the national environmental protection agency , the Environmental Protection Agency, came under pressure from Trump, scientists started organizing events in December 2016 to rescue data in secure archives. In the journal Science , the politics of Trump, which u. a. various budget cuts for research institutions, cancellation of research missions and the abolition of observation programs for greenhouse gas emissions, described as a "broad attack against climate research". Scientists also see an attack on and a transformation of the EPA into an anti-science organization that is historically unique despite similar actions under the Reagan and Bush administrations. In particular, the EPA is also attested to a clear change of course away from its actual mandate, environmental and health protection, and towards the special interests of industrial companies, which are strongly in favor of regulatory capture , i.e. H. the capture of government agencies by lobby groups. Nobel laureate in economics, William D. Nordhaus, attested the Trump administration that its "hostility to environmental and climate change policies" was "really abnormal. I can only hope that we can get away with it without too much damage."

On January 24, 2017, Trump signed orders to continue the construction of the two controversial transnational oil pipelines, which were stopped under Obama, Dakota-Access and Keystone ; on March 24th he approved the construction of the " Keystone XL ".

On March 28, 2017, Trump signed an ordinance canceling several of Obama's climate and environmental protection measures, including weakening and partially repealing the "Clean Power Plan". In the future, US federal authorities would no longer need to consider the effects of their decisions on the climate. On June 1, 2017, Trump announced the withdrawal of the US from the Paris Agreement on Climate Protection , which Obama had agreed in 2015 , and which all countries in the world except Nicaragua and Syria had signed. The exit process can take up to four years and may therefore last until after the next presidential election . The global reaction was mostly very critical; In addition to protest marches, several corporations and governments - internationally and at the state level - announced that they would step up their activities.

On December 4, 2017, Trump reduced the area of ​​the Bears Ears National Monument by 85 percent from 1,351,849 acres to 201,876 acres and of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument from 1,880,461 acres to 1,003,863 acres by means of a Presidential Proclamation . The area reductions are controversial and the right to reduce the area is being clarified in court. According to the lawsuits, Trump's land reductions are illegal. The land reduction was seen as a victory for oil and mining companies with the Republican Party over environmentalists and Indian tribes. In the area of ​​land reduction, there are deposits of crude oil , uranium and hard coal . In US history, sixteen national monuments have been reduced in area eighteen times by US presidents. There has been no reduction in area since 1962. Trump's reduction in the area of ​​the two National Monuments is the largest reduction in US history. Further downsizing of National Monuments can be expected. Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke called in a final report on Trump's Executive Order 13792 , according to which the area size and use of 24 National Monuments should be checked, including the area size of Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument , Gold Butte National Monument , Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and Rose Zoom out atoll Marine National Monument . In addition, all National Monuments should allow more traditional human uses such as hunting, grazing, logging, coal mining and commercial fishing within the protected areas.

At the end of August 2019, Trump presented plans to deregulate methane emissions. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a repeal of regulations requiring industry to detect and fix methane leaks. Andrew Wheeler of the EPA said that the Trump administration recognizes that methane is valuable and that industry therefore has sufficient economic incentive to minimize leaks and maximize its benefits. Deregulation can save oil and gas companies from $ 17 million to $ 19 million, according to the EPA. Environmentalists have announced legal action against it.

Environmental protection regulations were weakened particularly strongly during the COVID-19 pandemic . Among other things, environmental regulations for the industry were relaxed and regulations of the environmental protection agency for the oil and gas industry were suspended at the request of the industry lobby organization American Petroleum Institute , so that violations of the monitoring and reporting obligations are not sanctioned. In addition, Trump issued a decree that enables builders to conduct fewer environmental reviews before building large projects, and lifted the protection status of a marine reserve in which commercial fishing had been banned since the Obama presidency. Trump also plans to tone down measures to reduce air pollution.

Economy, Taxes and the Labor Market

Trump's deregulatory , isolationist and protectionist economic policy is summarized on the website of the White House under the slogans “America First” and “Buy American” (“Buy (t) American (e goods)”). According to this, up to 25 million new jobs are to be created in the following decade and an annual economic growth of four percent is to be achieved, among other things through a growth-promoting tax reform . As announced in the election campaign, the US withdrew from the Free Trade Agreement on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and announced renegotiations on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

On February 3, 2017, Trump signed a decree to review the Dodd-Frank Act, enacted under Barack Obama in 2010 to regulate and stabilize the US financial market .

The tax reform passed by Trump and the Republicans in Congress in 2017 cut taxes significantly for the richest Americans: 83% of the total tax cut benefited the richest percent of the population. In return, taxes for the middle class were raised in the long term to counter-finance the tax cuts for high income groups. In addition, the national debt rose significantly. The long-term tax burden rose for over half of Americans, while it fell for high-income groups.

Preparing for the 2020 presidential election

Beginning in April 2020, Trump repeatedly stated, without citing actual evidence, that the postal vote organized by the US Postal Service would lead to election fraud in the US presidential election in 2020 . In contrast, he himself had voted in the primaries of the US presidential election in March 2020 by postal vote.

In June 2020, Trump swapped heads of the US Postal Service by proclaiming Louis DeJoy as the new Postal Secretary of the US Federal Post Office. Louis DeJoy had previously supported Trump's election campaign with more than a million dollars. Louis DeJoy began replacing a large part of the management staff of the Post and pursued a massive austerity course, which included a ban on overtime. This was at the expense of reliable mail and parcel delivery. Many letter sorting machines, which are not only important for postal voting, were also dismantled. In an interview in August 2020, Trump admitted in an interview that he was deliberately withholding billions of dollars in funding intended for the organization and implementation of postal votes from the US Postal Service in order to undermine the functioning of postal voting and the timely delivery of postal voting documents.

Trump's election campaign as a confirmed presidential candidate

See: Presidential election in the United States 2020 - Donald Trump's election campaign as a confirmed presidential candidate

Financial and ethical aspects

Alleged lack of separation from the company

Many representatives of politics and civil society consider President Trump's separation from his company to be inadequate and see a possible conflict of interests , even if he waives his presidential salary. Trump had announced that he would donate all payments from foreign governments in the hotels of the Trump Organization to the US Treasury; however, the prerequisite for identifying individual payments was not created. On January 23, 2017, the Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) filed a lawsuit against Trump for violating the Foreign Emoluments Clause of the US Constitution ( Article 1, Section 9, Paragraph 8 ). This prohibits public officials from accepting remuneration from abroad without the approval of Congress , which could conflict with the spending of foreign guests in Trump's hotels. Hotel businesses joined the lawsuit. In June 2017, 196 Democratic Congressmen and the Democratic Attorneys-General of Maryland and the District of Columbia filed additional lawsuits against Trump on the matter. While the CREW's lawsuit in December 2017 was dismissed by a federal district court in New York because the plaintiffs lacked legal standing due to lack of impairment, the federal district court in Maryland dismissed Trump's complaint in July 2018 that the term emolument only referred to the narrow framework of Restrict gifts; the term, however, also encompasses any taking of advantage. Judge Peter Jo Messitte thus agreed with the plaintiffs' understanding of the term before the actual hearing. At the beginning of November 2018, Messitte rejected a request from Trump to interrupt the proceedings so that the plaintiffs can view Trump's documents. District of Columbia federal judge Emmet G. Sullivan ruled in September 2018 that the Democratic Congressman's lawsuit, led by Senator Richard Blumenthal and Representative Jerrold Nadler , should also be admitted.

In March 2018, it was reported that since Trump's election victory, the Republican Party had spent $ 3 million in Trump's commercial buildings, over $ 920,000 in the Republican National Committee alone .

Unpublished tax return

Contrary to the practice and his campaign promise, Trump did not publish his income tax return even after taking office, despite ongoing public pressure . According to his most recent partially public tax return from 2005, he withheld 25% of his income on an income of $ 153 million, 21% of which was due to the application of the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT), which Trump abolished in his late April 2017 proposed a "major" tax reform (see property ).

Leisure time

In the first hundred days of his term spent Trump most weekends in approximately 1,400 km from Washington, DC remote Mar-a-Lago in Florida . Mainly due to the high expenditure for security and travel (one flight hour of Air Force One costs approx. 180,000 US dollars), this is associated with costs of around 3.6 million US dollars. The actual leisure residence of the US presidents is Camp David 100 kilometers from Washington. During the same period, Trump played golf every 5.9 days on average , usually at his own golf club near Mar-a-Lago. Obama, whom Trump had strongly criticized for this, had pursued this hobby on average every nine days during his presidency. Trump had also accused Obama of the amount of his travel expenses and announced in mid-2015 that as President he would hardly leave the White House or go on vacation. In his first year in office, Trump spent 110 days on his own estates, almost a third of the time.

Trump has a handicap of 2.5 at the United States Golf Association (skill level of a very good amateur). However, he only submits a few of his games for evaluation. Former playing partners of Trump accused him, according to media reports, of having often violated golf rules in order to achieve better results. According to his friend, Norwegian professional player Suzann Pettersen, Trump is constantly cheating on golf.

Trivia

In June 2020, as a result of protests following the death of George Floyd , the American Football Association ended a ban on protests prohibiting national players from kneeling down to the national anthem before football matches. Trump then indicated that he would no longer watch the US national team games. In his opinion, the kneeling at the anthem (which began with the National Football League protest against racism in 2016) is "the total disrespect for our heritage ... it's a disdain for all we stand for."

After the death of Robert S. Trump (1948-2020) Donald Trump let the body of his brother in Washington. Fly in DC and hold a funeral ceremony and funeral procession in and around the White House .

literature

Web links

Commons : Donald Trump's Presidency  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Inauguration of the new US President - Trump's speech in full. In: Spiegel Online , January 20, 2017; Rachel Cao: Read President Trump's full, blistering inaugural speech, attacking Washington, promising "America first". Video and transcript. In: CNBC , January 20, 2017 (English).
  2. Matthew Haag, Rachel Shorey: Trump Raises Millions for 2020 Re-election Bid. In: The New York Times , April 14, 2017 (English).
  3. Eric Levitz: The Trump White House Set Record for First-Year Staff Departures. In: New York , December 28, 2017 (English).
  4. Chuck Todd , Mark Murray, Carrie Dann: Trump favors confrontation and TV chops as he shuffles his team yet again. In: NBC News , March 23, 2018.
  5. ^ Sarah Posner: How Donald Trump's New Campaign Chief Created an Online Haven for White Nationalists. In: Mother Jones , August 22, 2016 (English).
  6. Bannon leaves the White House. In: Spiegel Online , August 18, 2017.
  7. Trump appoints his attorney to be negotiator. In: Berliner Zeitung , December 28, 2016.
  8. ^ Andrew Buncombe: Donald Trump appoints creationist college president to lead higher education reform taskforce. In: The Independent , February 1, 2017 (English).
  9. Jens Schmitz: Trump makes puzzling leaps in foreign policy. In: Badische Zeitung , February 4, 2017.
  10. Michael E. Schmidt, Eric Lipton, Charlie Savage: Jared Kushner, Trump's Son-in-Law, Is Cleared to Serve as Adviser. In: The New York Times , January 21, 2017.
  11. Trump is there without any CEO. In: FAZ.net , August 16, 2017.
  12. ^ President's arts and humanities committee resigns over Trump's Charlottesville response. In: Politico , August 18, 2017 (English).
  13. qz.com: Trump's first 17 cabinet-level picks have more money than a third of American households combined. In: Quartz , December 15, 2016 (English); Benjamin Bidder: As rich as 43 million US households combined. In: Spiegel Online , January 14, 2017.
  14. Christoph von Marschall : 36 days after the US election: Trump's cabinet breaks with rules and promises. In: Der Tagesspiegel , December 14, 2016.
  15. Anthony Bennett: [heavy.com/news/2017/01/donald-trump-goldman-sachs-drain-swamp-steve-bannon-steven-mnuchin-gary-cohn-jay-clayton/ List of Goldman Sachs Alumni in Donald Trump's administration. ] In: Heavy.com , January 4, 2017 (English).
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  17. a b US State Department: Four high-ranking employees urged to resign. ( Memento of the original from January 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Deutschlandfunk.de , January 27, 2017.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschlandfunk.de
  18. www.independent.co.uk January 21, 2017 / Rachael Revesz: Donald Trump has fired all foreign US ambassadors with nobody to replace them.
  19. zeit.de: Jerusalem connects - and divides them
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  21. zeit.de May 15, 2018: The next catastrophe ( comment )
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  23. Noura Maan: Abortion as an Argument: Trump cuts development aid. In: Der Standard , January 24, 2017.
  24. David Ignatius: Trump enforces the 'red line' on chemical weapons. In: The Washington Post , April 7, 2017 (English); Reactions to US airstrike in Syria: Much approval for Trump. In: Die Tageszeitung , April 7, 2017.
  25. Ben Schreckinger: Trump's Troll Army Isn't Ready for War in Syria. In: Politico , April 7, 2017 (English); Gabriel Sherman: Trump's Syria Strike Is Latest Sign of Steve Bannon's Waning Influence. In: New York , April 7, 2017 (English).
  26. US Drone Strikes Have Gone Up 432% Since Trump Took Office. Retrieved August 29, 2020 .
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  28. Eliza Macintosh: How Trump's first foreign trip compares with past presidents. In: CNN.com , May 20, 2017 (English).
  29. Aya Batrawy: Human rights concerns prove no obstacle in Trump-Saudi ties. ( Memento of the original from May 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: ABC News , May 21, 2017 (English). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / abcnews.go.com
  30. ^ Transcript of Trump's speech in Saudi Arabia. In: CNN.com , May 21, 2017 (English, text may vary).
  31. Blake Hounshell: Donald of Arabia. In: Politico , May 21, 2017 (English).
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  33. ^ Susan B. Glasser: Trump National Security Team Blindsided by NATO Speech. In: Politico , June 5, 2017 (English).
  34. Reactions to Merkel's speech: Enormous change in political rhetoric. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , May 29, 2017.
  35. Bruce Riedel: The $ 110 billion arms deal to Saudi Arabia is fake news. In: Brookings Institution , June 5, 2017 (English); What role does Trump play in the Qatar crisis? In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , June 6, 2017.
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  37. Reinhard Veser: Between three seas. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 8, 2017, p. 10.
  38. Konrad Schuller : The measurement of the west. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 7, 2017, p. 3.
  39. David Choi, Sonam Sheth: Trump told China's president that building concentration camps for millions of Uighur Muslims was 'exactly the right thing to do,' former adviser says. Retrieved August 22, 2020 .
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  41. USA prohibits travel to North Korea. In: Tagesschau.de , July 21, 2017.
  42. Lorenz Hemicker: North Korea Crisis: If Trump Wants to Go to War. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , August 12, 2017.
  43. ^ CIA Director Pompeo met with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un over Easter weekend In: The Washington Post , April 18, 2018
  44. A historical handshake In: Tagesschau.de , April 27, 2018
  45. South Korea's President wishes Trump the Nobel Peace Prize In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . April 30, 2018
  46. Trump and Kim summit on June 12 in Singapore In: Tagesschau.de , May 10, 2018.
  47. Courtney Kube, Ken Dilanian, Carol E. Lee: North Korea has nuclear Increased production at secret sites, say US Officials. In: NBC News , June 30, 2018.
  48. Friederike Böge, Patrick Welter: Trump crosses the border with North Korea. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . June 30, 2019, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  49. Choi He-suk: Trump, Kim hold historic DMZ meeting. In: The Korea Herald . June 30, 2019, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  50. Andreas Ross: A small step for Trump - and for humanity. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . June 30, 2019, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  51. Republicans want to repeal dozen of Obama's ordinances. ( Memento of the original from January 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: deutschlandfunk.de , January 13, 2017.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschlandfunk.de
  52. ^ Trump administration asks Supreme Court to strike down Obamacare . In: The Washington Post , June 26, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  53. ^ USA abortion: Protests and counter-demonstrations in numerous cities. ( Memento of the original from February 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Deutschlandfunk.de , February 12, 2017.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschlandfunk.de
  54. ^ Michael Erman, Carl O'Donnell: Exclusive: White House preparing order that would cut drug prices for Medicare: sources. In: www.reuters.com. July 25, 2019, accessed September 27, 2019 .
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  56. Owen Dyer: Covid-19: US testing ramps up as early response draws harsh criticism . In: The BMJ . tape 368 , m1167, 2020, doi : 10.1136 / bmj.m1167 .
  57. Trump made 33 false claims about the coronavirus crisis in the first two weeks of March . In: CNN , March 22, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
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  59. Trump on corona measures. Summer, sun - and splash? . In: Tagesschau.de , April 24, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
  60. Update in the evening: The confused path of Donald Trump. Retrieved August 28, 2020 .
  61. FAZ.net April 25, 2020: Trump tries to limit the damage
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  63. Deb Riechmann: Trump disbanded NSC pandemic unit that experts had praised. In: Associated Press . March 14, 2020 .;
  64. Abigail Tracy: How Trump Gutted Obama's Pandemic-Preparedness Systems. In: Vanity Fair . 1st May 2020 .;
  65. Deirdre Shesgreen: 'Gross misjudgment': Experts say Trump's decision to disband pandemic team hindered coronavirus response. In: USA Today . March 18, 2020 .;
  66. tagesschau.de: Coronavirus pandemic: Trump swallows malaria drug. Retrieved August 28, 2020 .
  67. Jack Brewster: 'I Don't Kid': Trump Says He Wasn't Joking About Slowing Testing. Retrieved August 28, 2020 .
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  75. Merkel counters Trump accusation . In: Handelsblatt . January 31, 2017.
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