Ermete Pierotti

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Ermete Pierotti

Ermete Pierotti (born July 10, 1820 in Pieve Fosciana , province of Lucca in Tuscany , Italy ; † 1880 or 1888 ) was an Italian engineer , architect and mathematician .

Jerusalem map by Pierotti, 1881

Life

Pierotti was the oldest of nine children. His family dates back to the 16th century. She owned a house and a chapel in the district of Pontardeto ⊙ of the Pieve Fosciana community in which the family members were buried. In the 19th century the family built the Palazzo Pierotti ⊙ in the center of Pieve Fosciana on Piazza Roma . This still serves as the town hall of the community to this day (2020).

“Edificio costruito i primi del sec. XIX dalla famiglia Pierotti é sede del Comune dal 1877”

"Building built in the early 19th century by the Pierotti family, seat of the municipality since 1877"

- Plaque at Palazzo Pierotti, Town Hall of Pieve Fosciana

Pierotti worked as a military engineer in Genoa ⊙ and served as captain of the 4th company in the engineering corps of the Sardinian Kingdom (Italian: Capitano nelle quarta Compagnie del Corpo reale del Genio Militare). In 1849 he was sued for desertion and theft of 3596 lire and had to leave the army.

Pierotti drove to Sarzana ⊙ on July 19, 1849 without permission . His absence was noted on July 20, 1849. It was also found that the troop coffers that Pierotti managed were missing 3596 lire. Pierotti was arrested in Sarzana on August 10, 1849. He was taken to Genoa and imprisoned there in the Palazzo Ducale ⊙ . From there he managed to escape on September 10, 1849. On October 15, 1849, he was convicted in absentia by the Genoa Military Court.

After these events Pierotti went to the Levant , Jerusalem ⊙ and Egypt for 15 years . He earned his living as an engineer.

From late 1849 to early 1850 Pierotti was in Constantinople ⊙ and Troy ⊙ , where he examined ancient monuments. In the further year 1850 he visited Athens ⊙ , Sparta ⊙ , Corinth ⊙ , Acrocorinth ⊙ , Mantineia ⊙ , Eleusis ⊙ , Megara ⊙ , Mycenae ⊙ , Messina ⊙ , Argos ⊙ , Marathon ⊙ , Chaironeia ⊙ , Paros ⊙ and Aegina ⊙ . He visited the Ionian Islands from late 1850 to early 1851 ⊙ . From 1851 to 1854 Pierotti worked on various buildings in Egypt. While laying the foundations for a Greek church in Alexandria ⊙ , he discovered the foundations of the Alexandria library ⊙ .

In Egypt, Pierotti met the discoverer Giovanni Miani (1810–1872) in 1853 , who had supported the Risorgimento and was therefore on the run from the Austrians . Pierotti initially supported him financially. Then the two got into an argument and Pierotti refused to give Miani any more money. Miani retaliated by tracking down the documents about Pierotti's conviction in Genoa and circulating them through the press. This seriously damaged Miani Pierotti's reputation. As a result, these documents were repeatedly used against Pierotti by various people. Pierotti got into an argument with James Fergusson and George Grove in the late 1850s and early 1860s . Instead of factual arguments, Grove used these documents about Pierotti's conviction to discredit him.

From 1854 Pierotti worked in Jerusalem as a consultant for the Franciscans . In this function he was involved in the restoration of the Anna Church ⊙ .

In 1856 he helped the Turkish engineer Assad Effendi to restore the city's main aqueduct, the Qanat as-Sabil . In the course of this work he came to the Temple Mount ⊙ , where there were canals and cisterns that belonged to the Qanat as-Sabil. In 1858 and 1859 there was a particular drought that intensified work on the aqueducts.

Pierotti also participated in various restorations and construction projects on the Temple Mount and in the city of Jerusalem. He was involved in the construction of the Austrian Hospice for the Holy Family ⊙ and in the construction of the Alexanderhof ⊙ . He also designed the road from Jaffa ⊙ to Jerusalem. This road was completed in 1868. It was passable for wagons. Finally, in 1858, Pierotti was appointed chief engineer of Jerusalem by Suraya Pasha , the Ottoman governor of Jerusalem. As a result, he was one of the very few Europeans to have access to many places that otherwise only Muslims had access to.

During his time in Jerusalem, Pierotti met many well-known archaeologists and historians, including Ernest Renan . He served them as an interpreter and guide through the various sites in Jerusalem and showed them his sketches, drawings and photographs. The French archaeologists suggested Pierotti come to Paris ⊙ and publish his material there. Following this suggestion, Pierotti went to Paris in August 1861.

At the end of his work, Pierotti published his main work Jerusalem explored in 1864 . In this book he put down the knowledge he had gained during his work. The book contains many photographs, drawings and maps. The English researcher Charles Warren , who was doing archaeological excavations in Jerusalem on the Temple Mount at the same time, praised the maps that Pierotti had drawn as unique. Pierotti was friends with Thomas George Bonney . He translated Pierotti's works Jerusalem explored and Customs and traditions of Palestine, illustrating the manners of the ancient Hebrews into English and helped with their publication. Bonney stood by Pierotti when he was seriously ill in London in 1864 ⊙ .

Pierotti's maps showed new, as yet unknown and unexplored canals in the underground of the Temple Mount. With the modern methods of archeology, these channels could also be detected.

In 1964 Pierotti went back to Genoa, exasperated by the constant attacks on his reputation, where he voluntarily presented himself to the military tribunal. Pierotti was taken to the Citadel of Turin ⊙ and his trial was reopened at the Turin Military Court. At the end of 1864 he was sentenced to one year imprisonment, expulsion from the army and assumption of the legal costs. Since his book La Palestine actuelle on June 10, 1865 was released and when his address rue des Deux Boules no. 11 ⊙ , Paris, indicating it is doubtful that he had to serve his prison sentence.

In February 1866 Pierotti met Viktor Emanuel II , King of Sardinia-Piedmont from 1849 to 1861 . He dedicated his Rivista generale della Palestina antica e moderna , published in August 1866, to him .

In 1869 Pierotti gave in his publication Une caravane pour la Syrie, la Phénicie et la Palestine partant de Marseille en février 1870 as his address Pension Bon-Port sous Montreux ⊙ . From 1870 Pierotti lived in Paris, Rue de Beaune 35 ⊙ . There he watched the siege of Paris by the German army . During this time, Pierotti's publications Paris, ses environs et ses fortifications , Carte de Paris, ses environs et ses fortifications , Décrets et rapports officiels de la Commune de Paris et du gouvernement français du 18 mars au 31 mars 1871 , Dictionnaire historique des environs de emerged Paris du docteur Ermete Pierotti . The latter provides information on the various localities in the Paris area.

In 1875 Pierotti published the magazine Courrier de la Palestine , which was discontinued after only five issues. In 1876 Pierotti tried to raise funds for the construction of a port in Jaffa ⊙ and the construction of a Jaffa-Jerusalem railway line through an advertisement in the Times . He turned to Catholics in particular with this concern, but was unsuccessful. A similar initiative was launched in Spain that same year.

In December 1876, Pierotti gave lectures to Catholics in Arras ⊙ on the Holy Land . He again promoted his favorite idea of ​​inexpensive pilgrimages there. His endeavors to raise funds for the expansion of the port of Jaffa ⊙ and the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway line were integrated into these ideas . The port of Jaffa was at that time the main gateway to the Holy Land for Christian pilgrims who went from there to Jerusalem. He also wanted to establish agricultural and industrial colonies in the Holy Land.

It is generally accepted that Pierotti died in 1880. However, in 1888 an atlas, Atlas de la Palestine, hand-drawn by him , was published by le Chevalier Docteur Ermete Pierotti, architecte-ingénieur . From this one can assume that Pierotti was still alive at that time.

Pierotti was a liberal Catholic . He wrote the book Il Potere Temporale al cospetto del tribunale della Verità (German: The worldly power of the Holy See before the Tribunal of Truth) in which he critically examined the worldly power of the popes and their relationship to the Gospel.

Works

  • Jerusalem Explored. A Description of the Ancient and Modern City. , translated by Thomas George Bonney, LONDON: BELL AND DALDY, FLEET STREET. CAMBRIDGE: DEIGHTON, BELL, AND CO. 1864
  • Customs and traditions of Palestine, illustrating the manners of the ancient Hebrews , translated by Thomas George Bonney, Cambridge, 1864, OCLC number: 1664144
  • La Palestine actuelle, dans ses rapports avec la Palestine ancienne , Paris, J. Rothschild, 1865, OCLC number: 717884
  • Il Potere Temporale al cospetto del tribunale della Verità , 1866
  • Rivista generale della Palestina antica e moderna , Firenze, Genova, fratelli Pellas, 1866, OCLC number: 793586343
  • Les Réchabites retrouvés , Lausanne: Imp.Howard et Delisle, 1868, OCLC number: 715626868
  • Notes sur le Cantique des cantiques , Lausanne: Howard et Delisle, 1869 printing, OCLC number: 867625157
  • Topography ancienne et modern de Jérusalem , Lausanne: Howard & Delisle, 1869, OCLC number: 77392725
  • Macpéla, ou tombeau des patriarches à Hébron visité , Lausanne, publisher Howard et Delisle, 1869, OCLC number: 26480123
  • Moeurs anciennes des Juifs comparées aved celles des Arabes musulmans de la Palestine , Vevey: Imprimerie et Librairie Loertscher & Fils, 1869, OCLC number: 793602923
  • Notions sur quelques animaux domestiques et sauvages de la Palestine ancienne et moderne , Lausanne: Impr. Howard et Delisle, 1869, OCLC number: 718543946
  • Le Mont Morija depuis Abraham jusqu'à nos jours , Lausanne: Howard et Delisle, 1870, OCLC number: 715626863
  • Une caravane pour la Syrie, la Phénicie et la Palestine partant de Marseille le 28 Février 1870 , Lausanne: Howard & Delisle, 1869, OCLC number: 238784741
  • Décrets et rapports officiels de la Commune de Paris et du gouvernement français à Versailles du 18 mars au 31 may 1871 , Paris, 1871, OCLC number: 896212472
  • Reports militaires officiels du siége de Paris de 1870–1871 suivis du Dictionnaire historique de la carte des environs et fortifications de Paris , Paris, Chez l'auteur, 1871, OCLC number: 795778155
  • Costumes de la Palestine , Paris, 1871, OCLC number: 26616384
  • Dictionnaire historique des environs de Paris du docteur Ermete Pierotti , 1871
  • Versailles et les Trianons, par le Dr Ermete Pierotti, Renseignements sur le procès du maréchal Bazaine: Terrain des opérations de l'armée de Metz pour suivre le compte-rendu du procès du maréchal Bazaine , 1873
  • Courrier de la Palestine , 1875
  • La Bible et la Palestine au XIXme siecle , Nimes: Roger & LaPorte, 1882, OCLC number: 49858492
  • Atlas de la Palestine, par le Chevalier Docteur Ermete Pierotti, architecte-ingénieur , 1888

Web links

Commons : Ermete Pierotti  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Pierotti, Ermete at d-nb.info. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Un ingegnere dell'Esercito Sabaudo: Ermete Pierotti at storico.org. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Jean-Yves Legouas: Saving Captain Pierotti? in Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Volume 145, 2013, pp. 231-250, DOI: 10.1179 / 0031032813Z.00000000047
  4. ↑ Lot Number 131, Jerusalem Explored, Ermete Pierotti at kedem-auctions.com. Accessed July 8, 2020.
  5. ^ Max Küchler: Jerusalem: A handbook and study travel guide to the Holy City , publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-50170-2 , pp. 413, 485, 637, 1136, 1200
  6. ^ Helmut Wohnout: The Austrian Hospice in Jerusalem . 1st edition. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-205-99095-1 , p. 37, 190, 226 . partly online . Accessed July 8, 2020.
  7. ↑ Report in: The Engineer v. October 27, 1876, p. 293, quoted from HaRakevet 109 (June 2015), p. 14 (108: 07, IX).
personal data
SURNAME Pierotti, Ermete
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian engineer, architect and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH July 10, 1820
PLACE OF BIRTH Pieve Fosciana , Lucca Province , Tuscany , Italy
DATE OF DEATH around 1880