Niederhöchstadt

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Niederhöchstadt
City of Eschborn
Coat of arms of Niederhöchstadt
Coordinates: 50 ° 9 ′ 31 ″  N , 8 ° 32 ′ 48 ″  E
Height : 153 m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.84 km²
Residents : 6322  (1993)
Population density : 1,646 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 65760
Area code : 06173

Niederhöchstadt is a district of Eschborn in the Main-Taunus district in Hesse .

geography

In the past, the village was only on a street and its size was still given “from aane to anere cross”. At the beginning of the main street there is a cross ('aane') and at the end towards Kronberg there is another ('anere') cross. Later the village grew beyond the former core. The former character is still clearly recognizable today.

Neighboring communities

Niederhöchstadt borders in the north on Kronberg and Oberhöchstadt , in the east on Steinbach (all Hochtaunuskreis ), in the southeast on Eschborn , in the west Schwalbach ( Main-Taunus-Kreis ).

history

In June 782 (Nieder) Höchststadt ( Eichenstat ) was first mentioned in a document in connection with a donation to the Lorsch Monastery in the so-called Lorsch Codex (Codex Laureshamensis):

In the name of God we, Sigebert and my wife Balduiz, intend a donation to the holy martyr ( Nazarius ). His body rests in the Lorsch monastery, whose leading abbot is the venerable Helmerich. The handover takes place at our request forever and, as we expressly emphasize, of our own free will. In pago Nitachgowe (in Niddagau), in Aschenbrunnen (Eschborn w. Frankfurt / M.) And in Eichenstat (Höchstadt) we give three hubs, a meadow with a yield of 15 loads of hay, a forest and twelve serfs. With this in mind, a solemn handicraft is made.

Happened in the Lorsch monastery on June 12th in the 14th year (782) of King Karl. .

In the same year in August we read another document from the Heichsteter marca , the Höchstädter Mark (district).

It was not until 1048 that a distinction was made between Hekestat inferiori (Niederhöchstadt) and Hekestat superiori (Oberhöchstadt). In 1328, Kune von Falkenstein, Lord of Munzenberg, enfeoffed the knight Hartmut von Kronberg with the village of Niederhöchstadt.

On August 17, 1497, knight Johann (VII.) Von Kronberg at the court in Worms received from the hand of the king and later emperor Maximilian I the award document of market rights for Niederhöchstadt. In the certificate, the emperor assured all visitors to the market of his “protection and umbrella”, and he also granted them safe passage on their journey to the market, as well as on their return journey. Anyone who disregards the royal commandments and disturbs the market or its visitors should be punished with 20 marks in gold. It is not known to what extent the market took place. Niederhöchstadt originally belonged to such. B. Eschborn, on the imperial fief Kronberg (Cronberg), cf. Eschborn.

With the death of the last Kronberger, it fell to the Electorate of Mainz as part of this fief in 1704 .

An old watermill on the Westerbach is first mentioned in the files in 1715. The farmers from Niederhöchstadt and Schwalbach were forced by a so-called mill ban right to have their grain ground exclusively in the Niederhöchstädter mill. In 1856 this mill ban was lifted and the mill was shut down. There were always problems with the low water level in the Westerbach, which had impaired the functioning of the mill. Today this mill no longer stands, it was demolished to make way for another building.

1803 Niederhöchstadt went to Nassau-Usingen and belonged to the time of the Duchy of Nassau for office Koenigstein . After the annexation by Prussia, it was assigned to the Obertaunus district in 1867 and to the newly formed Main-Taunus district in the Wiesbaden administrative district in 1928 .

On December 31, 1971, on the occasion of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality Niederhöchstadt was voluntarily incorporated into the city of Eschborn.

The population of Niederhöchstadt has increased from 376 in 1843 to 1393 in 1939, around 2,000 in 1950, to around 4,500 in 2000.

Churches

The Church of St. Nicholas can be traced back to 1447 (today's building from 1952); it is now a Catholic parish church. In terms of denominations, Niederhöchstadt was predominantly Catholic , unlike the neighboring towns of Kronberg and Eschborn , after several changes of denomination during the Reformation and post-Reformation times . this only changed with the influx of expellees and commuters after the Second World War.

A Protestant church was first built around 1980. The Andreasgemeinde Niederhöchstadt practices a modern church service and regularly organizes larger church services outside of its own facility.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Niederhöchstadt was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

Occupied population figures up to 1987 are:

• 1688: 0024 families
• 1704: 0030 households
• 1765: 0037 Markers
• 1771: 0038 households
Niederhöchstadt: Population from 1817 to 1987
year     Residents
1817
  
 239
1834
  
 328
1840
  
 258
1846
  
 373
1852
  
 396
1858
  
 386
1864
  
 437
1871
  
 419
1875
  
 456
1885
  
 462
1895
  
 502
1905
  
 714
1910
  
 861
1925
  
 1,131
1939
  
 1,393
1946
  
 1,884
1950
  
 2,052
1956
  
 2,279
1961
  
 2,832
1967
  
 3,634
1970
  
 4,393
1987
  
 6,548
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 0022 Protestant (= 4.76%), 440 Catholic (= 95.24%) residents
• 1961: 1236 Protestant (= 43.64%), 1437 Catholic (= 50.74%) residents

coat of arms

In November 1950 the municipality of Niederhöchstadt was granted the right to use a coat of arms by the Hessian State Ministry.

Culture and sights

Sculpture park

A sculpture park has existed in Niederhöchstadt since 2010 , which has included three bronze sculptures by Dietrich Klinge since 2011 .

societies

There is a lively club life in Niederhöchstadt. a.

  • Tura 1893 e. V. Niederhöchstadt
  • twe - tennis westerbach eschborn e. V.
  • TC Grün-Weiss Eschborn-Niederhöchstadt
  • Kleingartenverein Niederhöchstadt e. V.
  • Kappen-Club-Niederhöchstadt e. V.

Economy and Infrastructure

  • In contrast to the core city of Eschborn, which is noticeable for its many office buildings and commercial operations, Niederhöchstadt has an even more village-like character and is the home of commuters who work in the Rhine-Main area . The vast majority of residents live in one or two-family houses.
  • The cultivation and pressing of cider is relatively important .
  • In Niederhöchstadt there is no town hall, only an administrative office of the town hall of Eschborn. The former mayor's office was demolished in the 2000s and replaced with a private building.
  • Although Niederhöchstadt is a district of Eschborn, it has an independent volunteer fire brigade .
  • There is a large sports area, the Westerbachsportanlage, with several soccer fields, sports halls and training opportunities in Niederhöchstadt.

traffic

Due to its central location between Frankfurt am Main- Rödelheim and Kronberg, Niederhöchstadt got its own train station for passenger traffic from November 1, 1874 with the Kronberg Railway , which began construction in 1873 . From February 1, 1875, freight traffic was added.

Since 1978 Niederhöchstadt, like Eschborn, has been connected to the S-Bahn lines of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund from Darmstadt-Frankfurt-Kronberg (S 4) and Darmstadt-Frankfurt-Bad Soden (S 3). There are also bus connections to Oberursel and Hofheim am Taunus .

Road traffic continued through the narrow main road (with a restricted level crossing) between Eschborn and Kronberg until the 1960s, until a bypass road from Frankfurt-Rödelheim to Kronberg in 1968/69 ( L 3005 ) brought relief. However, this street separated a small western part of the village (on the Schwalbacher side) from the rest and therefore had to be connected by a street underpass and - at the S-Bahn stop (Niederhöchstadt) - a pedestrian and cycle path underpass.

education

Until the 1960s, the primary school students were housed in temporary barracks, so-called Nissen huts , until the new Westerbach primary school was built. It is the only school in the district. There are two municipal kindergartens and private day nurseries.

The Musikschule Taunus e. V., which is housed in the former police station of the municipality. There are currently considerations to build a new building for the music school at the end of the village in the direction of Kronberg.

literature

  • Hansjörg Ziegler: Eschborn. 10 volumes, Volume I: Niederhöchstadt - The former street village in pictures from yesterday. Historical Society V., 1992.
  • 1200 years of Niederhöchstadt. Festschrift. City Council, Eschborn 1982.
  • Reinhard A. Bölts: Eschborn - images of a dynamic city. Verlag 76 GmbH, 1976.
  • Eschborn dialog. City Council, Eschborn 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-020336-7 .
  • Gerd S. Bethke: The field names of the city of Eschborn 1. Niederhöchstadt. (= Eschborn Museumsschriften. 4) City Council, Eschborn 2009, DNB 993355714 .

Web links

Commons : Niederhöchstadt  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Niederhöchstadt, Main-Taunus-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Magistrate of the City of Eschborn (Ed.): 1200 Years Niederhöchstadt, Editor: Gerhard Raiss, Eschborn 1982
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 370 .
  4. ^ Andreas community on the Internet
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Granting of the right to use a coat of arms to the community Niederhöchstadt in the district of Main-Taunus, Reg.-District Wiesbaden. dated November 2, 1950 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1950 No. 46 , p. 470 , point 870 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.2 MB ]).
  7. ↑ Tura Niederhöchstadt ( Memento from August 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ twe - tennis westerbach eschborn e. V.
  9. ↑ TCGW Eschborn-Niederhöchstadt
  10. ^ KGV Niederhöchstadt
  11. ↑ KCN Niederhöchstadt ( Memento from July 30, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  12. ↑ Niederhöchstadt volunteer fire department
  13. ↑ About us. In: musikschule-taunus.de .