Fritz Rücker

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Fritz Ferdinand Otto Rücker (born April 9, 1892 in Muskau ; † May 20, 1974 ) was a German pedagogue and vice-president of the Brandenburg provincial administration in the Soviet occupation zone (SBZ) as well as Brandenburg's minister for public education, science and the arts and a manager at the Volk publishing house and knowledge of the GDR.

Life

He grew up in a middle-class family in what was then the Lower Silesian district of Rothenburg and attended elementary school in Muskau. He enjoyed his secondary education in the Berlin Friedrichswerder high school , where he passed the Abitur in 1911. His main residence remained in Muskau in Upper Lusatia . After obtaining his university entrance qualification in Berlin, he enrolled for the winter semester 1911/1912 in the German course at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin under matriculation number 4553.

From August 21, 1914 until the end of the war he was a participant in an infantry regiment in the First World War , initially as a simple soldier, then as a private and from April 1915 as a non-commissioned officer / vice sergeant and from December 1916 as a lieutenant. He was discharged from military service in World War I as a reserve lieutenant on December 23, 1918. In the meantime he has been awarded the Iron Cross (EK) I and before that with the EK II. He continued studying in Berlin in 1919 and underwent language and pedagogical exams in German, English and French in 1920/21. He received the certificate for the “Examen pro facultate docendi” in 1921 and was able to become a high school teacher. The probationary year as a teacher was waived because of his participation in the war.

The required swearing-in on the democratic imperial constitution of the Weimar Republic took place on August 30, 1920. During his practical teacher training, he joined the SPD in 1921 . In addition, he became a member of the League for Human Rights , the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold , the Iron Front and the Association of Decided School Reformers .

From February to October 1921 he was a student assistant at the Liebig Realschule in Berlin-Friedrichshain , Rigaer Strasse, and from October 1921 he continued his practical training for a year at the Reform Realgymnasium in Berlin-Reinickendorf . In October 1922 he was appointed to the faculty .

Under Fritz Wuessing , the director and headmaster of the municipal reform secondary school in Berlin-Reinickendorf , he worked as a teacher . In the autumn of 1926, the Reinickendorf district office, run by social democrats, created an additional position for a senior student councilor, who was also to become the deputy headmaster, to provide a political counterweight to the school director and honorary DNVP functionary Dr. To have Steinbrück. When it came to the staffing, the school council decided in favor of the student council and SPD member Rücker. He then switched to the Hermsdorf Reform Realgymnasium and was promoted to senior student council on January 7, 1927 and appointed as deputy director. At that time he lived in Berlin-Rosenthal .

High school teacher, war veteran and NKFD co-founder

After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 was a senior teacher and social democrat Fritz Rücker at Easter of that year of politically motivated reasons of the school year end NS leave -Schulverwaltung temporarily and the senior teacher to teacher demoted. From October 1, 1933 the demoted teacher Rücker was transferred to the Arndt-Oberrealschule in Berlin-Kreuzberg, Belle-Alliance-Str. 80, offset. From October 1, 1934, his position was filled with Fritz Wuessing , who was also reprimanded under the law to restore the civil service . Both were known as progressive high school teachers and in the Weimar Republic were members of the Bund decided school reformers , an association for the renewal of the educational system.

Rücker came as an "overadjusted" reaction - in contrast to his teacher colleague Wuessing - to the politically conditioned reprimands by the NS school administration in the Nazi party and received NSDAP membership number 8 285 975. He also became a member of the Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten and with the merger of the Stahlhelm with the SA member there and occasionally came to work in their uniform.

As a result of joining the party, the downgrading to college council was reversed. Rücker was able to return to his old Hermsdorfer school at Easter 1934 under the direction of senior studies director Otto Gall (* 1890; † 1943), which was renamed the Friedrich Nietzsche School , secondary school for boys and grammar school , in 1938 .

The former Prussian lieutenant of the First World War became a combatant of the Second World War from September 1941 . As a Wehrmacht officer promoted to first lieutenant, he was taken prisoner by the Soviets in December 1942. After his capture, he was deliberately brought together with the prisoner-of-war officer and grammar school teacher Ernst Hadermann in order to convince him "of the need to cooperate."

In 1943 Rücker and Hadermann were among the founding members of the Association of German Officers (BDO) and he became a co-signer of the “Appeal to the German Generals and Officers! An Volk und Wehrmacht! ”On September 12, 1943. At the same time he became a member of the National Committee for Free Germany (NKFD). There he worked with the pedagogue Heinrich Abel (1908-1965) and BDO member in the NKFD commission for the reorganization of the school and teaching system. Rücker became a member of the executive committee of the NKFD, wrote articles for the newspaper Free Germany and did educational work a. a. on the station “Free Germany” , addressing in particular former social democrats, educators and young people. At the beginning of the last year of the war he belonged to the newly founded "Commission for the Reorganization of Schools and Education" of the NKFD, which consisted of eleven members, including a Protestant and a Catholic clergyman. With the middle school teacher and Colonel of the Wehrmacht Wilhelm Adam as well as other prisoner-of-war teachers in soldiers' skirt, he worked out guidelines for teaching German history in 1944/45 in the former rest home in Lunjowo on behalf of the NKFD.

Origin and family

Rücker was born the son of a pastor . His father Friedrich Rücker later became rent master of Count Traugott Hermann von Arnim-Muskau . As head of the Rent Office he was awarded the title of Chamber Councilor.

At the beginning of his professional years as a teacher in the high school service Rücker married on June 4, 1925. From the marriage produced a son named Klaus (* 1926) and as a descendant of the daughter Elfriede, who was born in the early 1940s. After their mother's death, they both lived as half-orphans with a relative on their father's side in the Berlin area.

The Rücker family of teachers lived in the Reinickendorf district of Berlin in the 1920s and then rented them in Berlin-Hermsdorf . The apartment building survived the Second World War. Rücker wrote to his family in spring 1945 "in detail from Lunjowo ", where he attended the Antifa school from October 1944 to February 1945 , and learned from Berlin-Hermsdorf: "Everyone was healthy and had survived the nights of bombing."

Rücker was rated as a “progressive pedagogue” by professional colleagues in the Weimar Republic . He proved to be particularly sensitive to his students and also to his daughter, whom he met again in the 1950s for the first time after the end of the war and his retirement as Brandenburg Minister for National Education, Science and Art , when he was living in a new marital relationship in Kleinmachnow .

Politician in the provincial administration and in the government of the State of Brandenburg after 1945

In August 1945 Rücker returned to Germany after being a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union and rejoined the Social Democratic Party of Germany . He became a member of the SED after April 22, 1946, when in the Soviet Zone and East Berlin under the SPD chairman Otto Grotewohl this party was united with the KPD chaired by Wilhelm Pieck . KPD and SPD of the province of Mark Brandenburg had previously set up a joint office for both parties to carry out the “work necessary to achieve organizational unity as quickly as possible” and as a result held a joint party congress on April 7, 1946 with the result of the unification of the branches of both parties . The prominent Brandenburg SPD members Karl Steinhoff and Fritz Rücker took part, as did the KPD politicians Franz Moericke , Bernhard Bechler and Heinrich Rau .

Even before his release from prisoner-of-war, his comrade-in-arms, NKFD member Bernhard Bechler, suggested that Rücker be on his staff list for the position of 3rd Vice-President of a provincial administration that was to be formed and was accepted by SMAD . In the first cabinet of Prime Minister Karl Steinhoff , he was the third of four vice-presidents of the Brandenburg provincial administration. One of the “experts in Soviet uniform” was Professor Philipp S. Oreschkow (* 1899; † 1983), who taught Rücker “how to analyze a situation with a sober sense of fact, to recognize and implement the most important things at the moment, and to plan ahead”.

Protagonist of the single school

At the educational state conference of the Mark Brandenburg province in the Potsdam Volkstheater on August 4, 1946 under the motto "Democracy grows out of the unified school", the protagonist of the unified school, the former teacher and Brandenburg vice-president Rücker, explained why the educational level of the secondary school is not with the school reform will decrease, but will increase, and he was supported in his argument by the President of the Brandenburg Provincial Administration, Karl Steinhoff , and the Chairman of the Advisory Assembly of the Province , Friedrich Ebert . In his speech, as the person responsible for school reform in the province of Mark Brandenburg, Rücker emphasized that the "educational value of the grammar school ... in the upper level of the standard school would be maintained", while Ebert in his welcoming address on existing fears of Christians and churches about school reform entered by stating that "the separation of church and school has nothing to do with hostility to the church".

Advocate of state church policy in the Soviet Zone of Occupation (SBZ)

As Vice President, Rücker was responsible, among other things, for the processing of church affairs by the provincial administration. He was able to rely on the legal assistance of Provincial Councilor Kurt Grünbaum . Based on the fact that the Soviet military administration had basically restored the status of the Protestant and Catholic Church in the Soviet Zone based on the constitutional status in the Weimar Republic , Rücker operated the new church policy and made it publicly effective in the media. However, this indicated the developing confrontation between the state apparatus in the Soviet Zone and between Christians and churches in the future GDR . Rücker explained that the confiscation of expropriated church buildings and institutions was lifted again under National Socialism , that the Inner Mission - today's Diakonie - and women's aid are part of the Evangelical Church and that the Evangelical Church, like the Catholic Caritas Association , can work again without hindrance. He expressly acknowledged that church properties were not affected by the land reform . He continued: “So there is no longer any interference in the appointment of ecclesiastical offices. Church buildings and parsonages, which were still owned by the state, the [local] congregations and the former church patrons , became the property of the churches. ”He emphatically formulated:“ Every true democrat sees the church as a public institution with its own objective, which is fundamentally not has to compete with state tasks. We recognize the freedom of conscience and religion as one of the basic constitutional rights of a democratic state. ”Finally, he demanded that the church“ take a position on the major questions of democratic construction ”and, from the point of view of his party, the SED , the political line at that time: "Today the question is: How do we secure democracy, the unity of Germany and peace, and how do we help our people out of trouble?" CDU politicians in Brandenburg criticized Rücker's policy, who was also responsible for the democratic school reform , that he wanted to "oust" religious instruction from schools and that in contrast to the new constitution passed by the Brandenburg state parliament on February 6, 1947 in Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 79/81. Constitutional Article 66 contained the sentence: "The right of religious communities to give religious instruction on the premises of the school is guaranteed."

Rücker left the processing of church affairs in the national education ministry to a senior employee, Kurt Grünbaum , who had risen from the provincial council to government director . When implementing the school reform in Brandenburg, from March 1, 1946, he relied primarily on the classical philologist, religious historian and theologian Wilhelm Hartke (SPD / SED), who was the head of the main department for national education, science and art of the Brandenburg Ministry of Education on the foundation's board of trustees Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium in Templin.

Official acts as minister (selection)

In 1946, Rücker took part in the German-Soviet Commission as Vice President of the Brandenburg Provincial Administration, which took stock of the return of the Potsdam castles by the SMAD . From the Soviet military administration, the cultural officers and professors Yevgeny F. Ludschuweit and Philipp S. Oreschkow participated in this commission. The vocational school department of the province of Mark Brandenburg , which is subordinate to Rücker, held a conference with vocational school directors on June 18, 1946, at which the concept of the school workshops was explained in the presence of the cultural officer of the SMA department of public education, Professor Oreschkow . In “their didactic function”, these workshops should complement the lessons for those of compulsory vocational school without an apprenticeship. At the National Pedagogical Congress on August 4, 1946 in Potsdam , the 3rd Vice President of the Provincial Administration, Rücker, declared in his summarizing speech that all students who would not get an apprenticeship position "... are assigned to either the vocational school's workshops or companies for practical vocational training ( should) that are within reach of the schools ”and understood this measure as a“ complete reorganization of the vocational school system ”.

After the state elections on October 20, 1946 in the Soviet Zone , Rücker, as minister of education for the people with the SED party book, was one of the other ministers Bernhard Bechler (SED), Heinrich Rau (SED), Ernst Stargardt (CDU), Walter Kunze (LDP) and Fritz Schwob (CDU), which formed the Brandenburg government under Prime Minister Steinhoff (SED). Rücker received the recommendation from the personnel department of the provincial administration and the city school council of Potsdam to take into account Werner Meyer, who had been a graduate student at Potsdam's "Oberrealgymnasium" , when setting up his ministry for national education, science and art . The minister got to know and appreciate the teacher, who was born in tsarist Russia, especially when he was “used to the Russian language and style”, a teacher “with great skill and tact in dealing with the school department with the SMA ”.

The demand made by the CDU at a meeting of the new state parliament in Brandenburg was addressed to the Minister for National Education, Science and Art: "to return to the next generation of lawyers thoroughly trained at the university ". Minister Rücker is committed to the establishment of a Brandenburg State University in Potsdam. The responsible Soviet education officer, Professor Oreschkow, drove with Rücker and other German experts to the Supreme Head of the SMAD , Marshal Sokolowski , in Berlin-Karlshorst to obtain an order to establish the Brandenburg State University. On the basis of Order No. 45 issued on March 19, 1948, with only two faculties, a pedagogical and a general science faculty, this began its studies in October of the same year. A technical faculty was promised before the opening, but not a legal one. On the occasion of Friedrich Wolf's 60th birthday , Rücker appointed the writer and cultural politician professor of literature at the Brandenburg State University .

When discussing a bill from the Brandenburg state government on “the transfer of movie theaters to public property ” in the committees for culture and public education as well as economy, trade and supply of the state parliament, the minister for popular education, science and art , u. a. "In order to fulfill their educational tasks, the movie theaters need a unified management that is free from egotistical pursuit of profit". A member of the CDU, however, pointed out that "an expropriation law, as a constitutional amendment, would require a two-thirds majority in the state parliament."

When the film company DEFA was converted from a GmbH to a Soviet-German stock corporation on November 11, 1947 , Rücker received a seat on the DEFA supervisory board.

Education Minister Rücker introduced the first rector of the Brandenburg State University , Professor Arthur Baumgarten , to his post in Potsdam on May 14, 1949. He arranged for Otto Nagel , the well-known painter who headed the Brandenburg State Association of the Cultural Association in Potsdam, to become a professor at the Brandenburg State University. What was then the youngest university in the GDR was a workers and farmers faculty (ABF) attached until 1963.

After the dismissal of Prime Minister Karl Steinhoff in October 1949, Rücker continued to serve as Minister of Education under his successor Rudolf Jahn , who was elected Prime Minister of the State of Brandenburg by the Brandenburg State Parliament in December of the same year. He kept his ministerial office until the end of 1950. One of his last official acts took place on March 24, 1950, when he - in the presence of the Kurmark General Superintendent Walter Braun and Bishop Dibelius - made a special donation of 18,000 Marks to the parish council of the Potsdam Nikolaikirchengemeinde handed over a new organ. From the State of Brandenburg, Minister Rücker, the President of the Brandenburg State Parliament, Otto Meier (SPD / SED), and Justice Minister Stargardt (CDU) took part in the ceremony to mark the 100th anniversary of the St. Nikolaikirche in the Nikolaisaal . After leaving his ministerial office, Rücker reoriented himself professionally at the East Berlin publishing house Volk und Wissen , but he continued to live in Kleinmachnow .

Honors

Images (selection)

  • Fritz Rücker as a class teacher with over 30 students in grade six (formerly Quinta) in Berlin-Hermsdorf in 1938
  • Rücker in Wehrmacht uniform in September 1943 at the meeting for the establishment of the National Committee "Free Germany" together with other founders
  • The 3rd Vice President of the Brandenburg Provincial Administration, Fritz Rücker, giving a lecture
  • Fritz Rücker with his ministerial colleagues at the session of the Brandenburg State Parliament on June 23, 1947 in Potsdam under the leadership of State Parliament President Friedrich Ebert
  • Awarded an honorary doctorate on October 7, 1965 to Fritz Rücker
  • Fritz Rücker (portrait)

GDR newspaper reports on Rücker's biography (selection)

As a self-report, the SED central organ Neues Deutschland published in October 1965 the news about the award of an honorary doctorate from the Potsdam University of Education to the "former minister for public education in the state of Brandenburg", Fritz Rücker, which together with the award of an honorary doctorate to the former cultural officer the Soviet military administration and co-founder of this university in the state of Brandenburg Philipp S. Oreschkow took place. On the occasion of his 75th birthday in 1967, the Central Committee of the SED congratulated him and published the congratulations in the SED party newspaper Neues Deutschland , highlighting Rücker's work as a co-founder of the National Committee for Free Germany, as Vice President of the Brandenburg Provincial Administration and as Minister of Education in the State of Brandenburg. The national daily newspaper mentioned the work of the jubilee in "various functions in the nationally owned publishing house Volk und Wissen".

In May 1974 - around two weeks after Rücker's death - an obituary notice was published in Neues Deutschland by the Volk und Wissen Verlag of the GDR about his death. After retiring from the public service of the State of Brandenburg in 1951, he worked at this publishing house initially as deputy director or head of the "main editorial department for pedagogy" and then from 1956 as educational director until 1959 and then in various other functions. From 1964 he was employed as "Sector Leader Labor and Law" in the Ministry for Popular Education of the GDR .

Rücker was mentioned in 1981 in a newspaper report on the exhibition " Schinkel in Potsdam " as the former "Vice President of the Provincial Administration" together with Willy Kurth , the former director of the State Palaces and Gardens, referring to their joint collaboration in the assessment of the condition of the buildings in 1946, Sculptures and works of art by a German-Soviet commission.

Editor and author of publications (selection)

- First part: In the glow of antiquity / Duty and Fate [arranged by: Student Councilor Fritz Rücker] - Third part: Of knights and men [Authored by: Student Councilor Fritz Rücker]

  • From German literature from the baroque to the pre-classical period [arranged by: F. Rücker / FH Krähmer]
  • German literature from the Reformation period [Editor: F. Rücker]
  • New Democratic School , 1946
  • New administration and church , [newspaper article] 1946
  • Experiences of a minister about the help of Soviet pedagogy in setting up the new democratic school in the state of Brandenburg
  • Friends and teachers building our new school
  • When school started in 1945. . .
  • Memories of the founding of the Potsdam University of Education . In: University of Education Potsdam. Scientific journal, year 12/1968; Issue 1 pp. 17-34; Social and Linguistic Series
  • The work of the teachers in the National Committee “Free Germany” and the school-political and educational work of the National Committee
  • New school, new teachers - a new spirit in Potsdam . In: The first years. Memories of the beginning of the revolutionary transformations , Berlin 1979, pp. 303-319; DNB 800448057

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rocksch, Wolfgang: Fritz Rücker 1892-1974 . In: Wegbereiter der neue Schule , edited by Hohendorf, Gerd / König, Helmut / Meumann, Eberhard , Berlin 1989, pp. (210–217) 210; ISBN 978-3-06-212774-8
  2. ^ At that time still located at Wallstrasse 12, according to the Berlin address book, 1911 edition, Part II, p. 166; Berlin's school system
  3. ↑ Personal files in the archive database of the Library for Research on Educational History (BBF); Personnel file Rücker, Fritz
  4. ↑ Official directory of the staff and students of the Royal Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat zu Berlin, 1912, p 223: resident: Weißensee , Berliner Allee 242
  5. ^ Goldberg, Bettina: School history as social history , Berlin 1994, p. 374; ISBN 978-3-89468-087-9
  6. ↑ Berliner Berliner Adressbuch Edition 1926, Part III "Schools and Education", p. 143 Column 5: Reinickendorf, Reformrealgymnasium und Realschule , Berner Straße [67], Director: Dr. Wuessig, senior director of studies
  7. ^ Goldberg, Bettina: School history as social history , Berlin 1994, p. 156 f .; ISBN 978-3-89468-087-9
  8. ^ Berlin address book edition 1927, III. Part “Schools and Education” p. 141 Column 2: Reinickendorf, Reformrealgymnasium and Realschule , Albrechtstraße 86, Director: Dr. [Otto] Steinbrück, Head of Studies [in 1928 the Hermsdorfer Realgymnasium moved into the new school building at Fellbacher Straße 18/19; In 1934, Dr. Steinbrück (* 1885; † 1972) was transferred and demoted first to director of studies and later again to teacher.]
  9. ^ According to the Berlin address book in Rosenthal, Niederstrasse 17; Address book for Berlin, edition 1928, part I, p. 2902 column 1
  10. ^ Dainat, Holger / Danneberg, Lutz (eds.): Literary Studies and National Socialism , Berlin / Boston 2003, p. 157; ISBN 978-3-11-091064-3
  11. ^ Renaming to Franz-Mehring-Strasse (1946-1947), Mehringdamm (1947); Berlin address book, edition 1934, part III, p. 60, column 1
  12. ↑ Information on identification in the Brandenburg State Main Archives; BLAH research result: NSADAP 1933
  13. ^ Goldberg, Bettina: School History as Society History , Berlin 1994, p. 191; ISBN 978-3-89468-087-9
  14. ↑ School history: Development from Reform Realgymnasium to Georg-Herwegh-Gymnasium in Berlin-Hermsdorf
  15. ↑ Rocksch, Wolfgang: Fritz Rücker 1892-1974 . In: Wegbereiter der neue Schule , edited by Hohendorf, Gerd / König, Helmut / Meumann, Eberhard, Berlin 1989, pp. (210–217) 212; ISBN 3-06-212774-0
  16. ↑ Morré, Jörg: Behind the Scenes of the National Committee , Munich 2002, p. 57; ISBN 3-486-64582-X
  17. ↑ Rocksch, Wolfgang: Fritz Rücker 1892-1974 . In: Wegbereiter der neue Schule , edited by Hohendorf, Gerd / König, Helmut / Meumann, Eberhard, Berlin 1989, pp. (210–217) 213; ISBN 978-3-06-212774-8
  18. ↑ Rücker, Fritz: New school, new teachers - a new spirit in Potsdam . In: The first years. Memories of the beginning of the revolutionary transformations , Berlin 1979, pp. (303-319) 303; DNB 800448057
  19. ↑ Bonna, Rudolf: The story in the historical methodology of Soviet zone and GDR , Bochum 1996, p. 92 f .; ISBN 978-3-8196-0390-7
  20. ^ Kappelt, Olaf: Brown Book GDR. Nazis in the GDR , 2nd edition, Berlin 2009, Biographical Appendix, p. 494; ISBN 978-3-939929-12-3 ; Origin as a pastor's son
  21. ↑ Personal form of the teachers of high schools in Prussia for Fritz Rücker, sheet 1, electronically archived in the archive database of the BBF - Library for Research on Educational History in Berlin
  22. ^ Rücker, Fritz Studienrat, Rosenthal, Niederstrasse 17; Berlin address book, 1926 edition, Part I, p. 2769, column 4
  23. ^ Berlin address book, edition 1939; Part I, p. 2436, column 3
  24. ↑ View of the building: Google Maps: Hermsdorfer Damm 154 in 13467 Berlin
  25. ↑ Rücker, Fritz: New school, new teachers - a new spirit in Potsdam . In: The first years. Memories of the beginning of the revolutionary transformations , Berlin 1979, pp. (303–319) p. 304; DNB 800448057
  26. ^ Rücker, Fritz: Memories of the foundation of the Pedagogical University Potsdam . In: University of Education Potsdam. Scientific journal, year 12/1968; Issue 1 pp. (17-34) 28; Social and Linguistic Series
  27. ↑ Berliner Zeitung February 22, 1946, p. 1
  28. ^ Caption to a contemporary group photo, printed in: The first years. Memories of the beginning of the revolutionary transformations , Berlin 1979, plate between pages 336 u. 337 [Fig. 2: Steinhoff (2nd from left), Rücker (wearing glasses, 5th from left)]; DNB 800448057
  29. ^ Sattler, Friederike: Economic order in transition. Politics, organization and function of the KPD / SED in the state of Brandenburg during the establishment of the central planned economy in the Soviet Zone / GDR 1945–52 , Volume 1, Münster / Hamburg / London (2002), p. 121; ISBN 978-3-8258-6321-0
  30. ↑ Rücker, Fritz: New school, new teachers - a new spirit in Potsdam . In: The first years. Memories of the beginning of revolutionary transformations , Berlin 1979, pp. (303-319) p. 307; DNB 800448057
  31. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , August 6, 1946, p. 2
  32. ↑ Schultze, Harald: In the context of intensified attacks on the church , Leipzig 2009, p. 54; ISBN 978-3-374-02684-5
  33. ^ Fritz Rücker: Neuer Verwaltung und Kirche , in: Berliner Zeitung , October 4, 1946, p. 2
  34. ↑ Peter Bloch : Between Hope and Resignation. As CDU politician in Brandenburg 1945 - 1950 , Cologne 1986, p. 85; ISBN 978-3-8046-8673-1
  35. ↑ Schultze, Harald: In the context of intensified attacks on the church , Leipzig 2009, p. 228 in conjunction with p. 54; ISBN 978-3-374-02684-5
  36. ↑ Wegener, Heinz: The Joachimsthal High School - the Templin State School. A Berlin-Brandenburg high school in the maelstrom of German history 1607 - 2007 , Berlin 2007, p. 203; ISBN 978-3-929829-62-4
  37. ↑ Neues Deutschland , May 13, 1981, p. 4
  38. ↑ Ohlmeyer, Frank (* 1963): The development of vocational training in the Soviet zone of occupation from 1945 to 1949 , Hamburg 1998, p. 123, footnote 165; DNB 958968985
  39. ^ Ohlmeyer, Frank: The development of vocational training in the Soviet occupation zone from 1945 to 1949 , Hamburg 1998, p. 89 u. 91; DNB 958968985
  40. ↑ Kania, Hans: New guide through Potsdam and surroundings . With a city map [Real-Gymnasium C 4] ..., published by Verkehrsverein Potsdam e. V., Palast Barberini , Verlag Potsdamer Tageszeitung (AW Hayn's Erben, Potsdam [1925], p. 12; DNB 57422288X
  41. ^ Rücker, Fritz: Memories of the foundation of the Pedagogical University Potsdam . In: University of Education Potsdam. Scientific journal, year 12/1968; Issue 1 pp. (17-34) 29; Social and Linguistic Series
  42. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , December 19, 1946, p. 2
  43. ^ Rücker, Fritz: Memories of the foundation of the Pedagogical University Potsdam . In: University of Education Potsdam. Scientific journal, year 12/1968; Issue 1 pp. (17-34) 25; Social and Linguistic Series
  44. ^ Neue Zeit , April 6, 1948, p. 2
  45. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , December 24, 1948, p. 3
  46. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , May 17, 1949, p. 4
  47. ↑ Berliner Zeitung, September 28, 1949, p. 3
  48. ↑ Neues Deutschland , November 12, 1949, p. 1
  49. ↑ Berliner Zeitung, March 26, 1950, p. 2
  50. ^ Neue Zeit , October 6, 1966, p. 4
  51. ^ New Germany , October 20, 1965, p. 2
  52. ^ In: Goldberg, Bettina: School history as social history, Berlin 1994, p. 192; ISBN 978-3-89468-087-9
  53. ↑ Federal Archives; BArch BILD 183-A0816-0040-006 (central image / repro 16 August 1962)
  54. ↑ Black and white photo, format 11.5 x 17 cm; Brandenburg State Main Archive; Signature: 101 photos D2145
  55. ↑ Federal Archives; BArch, image 183-S75975 / Walter Heilig
  56. ^ In: University of Education Potsdam. Scientific journal, year 12/1968; Issue 1 p. 22
  57. ^ In: Wegbereiter der neue Schule , Volk und Wissen Verlag, Berlin 1989, p. 211; ISBN 3-06-212774-0
  58. ↑ Neues Deutschland , April 9, 1967, p. 2
  59. ↑ Neues Deutschland , June 5, 1974, p. 5
  60. ^ Biographical manual of the Soviet occupation zone / GDR . Ed .: Gabriele Baumgartner / Dieter Hebig, Berlin / Boston 1996, p. 740 “Rücker, Fritz”; ISBN 978-3-11-198725-5
  61. ↑ Heiner Schultz: Schinkel exhibition at the beginning of the season , Neues Deutschland , May 13, 1981, p. 4
  62. ↑ Booklet 78 / 10th school year, Leipzig 1925 DNB 366234781
  63. ^ German Hort. Cultural studies reader for secondary schools in single issue, issue 41a / 7th school year, Verlag von Quelle & Meyer in Leipzig 1926
  64. ^ German Hort. Cultural reading book for secondary schools in individual issues, booklet 43a / 8th school year, Verlag von Quelle & Meyer in Leipzig 1926
  65. ↑ Leipzig 1927 DNB 574671080
  66. ↑ Leipzig 1927 DNB 577387588
  67. ^ Published by the Department of Popular Education of the Provincial Administration of the Mark Brandenburg; DNB 36461093X
  68. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , October 4, 1946, p. 2
  69. ^ In: Pedagogy 7th year (1952) issue 11, pp. 858–865
  70. ^ In: Pedagogy Volume 15 (1960) Issue 5, pp. 444–450
  71. ^ In: Zeitschrift für Geschichtsunterricht und Staatsbürgerkunde 2nd year (1960) Issue 5, pp. 417–419
  72. ↑ In: Teachers in the anti-fascist resistance struggle of the peoples, studies and materials Monumenta Paedagocia, ed. from the Commission for German Educational and School History of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the GDR, Vol. XV, Berlin 1974, pp. 369–374
personal data
SURNAME Rücker, Fritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rücker, Fritz Ferdinand Otto (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer in the Wehrmacht
DATE OF BIRTH April 9, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Muskau
DATE OF DEATH May 20, 1974