Gennadi Wassiljewitsch Yudin

Gennadi Wassiljewitsch Yudin

Gennady Vasilyevich Yudin ( Russian Геннадий Васильевич Юдин * February 28 ^jul. / 11. March  1840 ^greg. In Sawodo-Jekaterininskoje ( Ujesd Tara ), † March 17 ^{. Jul} / the 30th March  1912 ^{. Greg} in Krasnoyarsk ) was a Russian Merchant , book collector and patron .

Life

Judin's father worked in the Jekaterininsky factory in various positions from 1827 to 1840 and then became a III. Guild. In 1847 the family moved to the provincial capital Tobolsk . In 1856 Judin graduated from high school. At the age of twelve he was already working in the beverage taxation system.

Judin continued to train independently. He studied German and French , subscribed to magazines, collected books and had extensive correspondence with relatives, friends and colleagues. He got used to copying all letters and putting them together into individual books. This is how the unique Jewish archive came about . When he was in Krasnoyarsk on business, he went to the theater almost every day .

In 1863 Yudin opened his own trading business with an initial capital of 600 rubles . At first he was one of the fixed-term merchants of Achinsk . Then he became a merchant of the II Guild in Minusinsk . He opened a wholesale warehouse in Balachta and traded in rum , liqueurs , cognac and vodkas ( lemon , orange , absinthe , aniseed and other vodkas). In 1866 he married the seventeen-year-old priest's granddaughter Yevgenia Mikhailovna Nigrizka from Tomsk .

In the lottery , Yudin won 200,000 rubles and another 75,000 rubles. Not far from Balachta he built the distillery named after his son Leonid . Then he acquired gold fields at Achinsk, Minusinsk and Yenisseisk . Together with KS Kurizyn he founded the Ossinowski Gold Industry Society.

From January 1869 to January 1870, Judin toured the Middle East . 1873–1874 he lived in St. Petersburg . In 1873 he visited the world exhibition in Vienna . In 1881 the construction of his distillery was completed. He attended the Paris World's Fair in 1889 . In 1896 his sixteen-year-old son Mikhail and in 1899 his 27-year-old son Vasily died in Kiev .

Judin's library building before restoration

Yudin collected books and bought collections that contained unique Russian editions from the 18th century, such as Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonossows Polydor , Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev's trip from Petersburg to Moscow and the first edition of the Igor song . He bought manuscripts relating to the exploration of Siberia , the number of which reached half a million ( maps , reports by the Russian Columbuses, and manuscripts by Nikolai Petrovich Resanov and Grigory Ivanovich Shelichov, and manuscripts relating to the colonization of America and the Far East by Russians based). In 1884 he had a special wooden building built for his library next to his dacha in Tarakanowka on Afontowa Mountain in Krasnoyarsk , with unplastered walls so that the books could breathe. There were glass cabinets and catalog boxes , and skilled bibliographers were hired. With the help of archivists Nikolai Nikitowitsch Bakai and Iwan Timofejewitsch Savenkow, Yudin's archive was organized. During the construction of the building, a kurgan was discovered in which Iron Age objects were found. Savenkow presented the results of his research at the international anthropology congress in Moscow , which made Afontowa Mountain famous worldwide.

Yudin also worked as a publisher , supporting and realizing more than 20 book projects on the history of Siberia at his own expense . Judin's books often appeared under the pseudonym GW Jenisseiski. In 1893, for example, the book by the Kiev doctor MN Pargamin on human sexuality was published in an edition of 2550. He spent more than 25,000 rubles on the publication of Semyon Afanassjewitsch Wengerov's Handbook of Russian Books, in which all Russian books published between 1708 and 1893 were to be described.

In the spring of 1897, Vladimir Ulyanov visited Yudin's library when he was in Krasnoyarsk for two months on his return from exile in Shushenskoye . Judin showed him the library and offered him to use it at will. There were only a few books on the subjects of Marxism and finance , so that Ulyanov did not return after a few days.

When Judin became more ill in 1906 and feared losing the library in view of the revolution that had begun , he decided to sell the library. With newspaper advertisements also in the Washington Post , he offered the library for a price of 250,000 rubles compared to the value of the 81,000 items. With a letter to Nicholas II , he offered the library to the state for 150,000 rubles, which was rejected due to lack of money. The head of the Library of Congress Herbert Putnam bought the library for 100,000 rubles after lengthy negotiations. In February 1907 the library was transported away in 5 freight cars and brought to Washington, DC via Hamburg within 3 months . Judin's collection became the basis of the Slavic section of the Library of Congress. Parts of the collection were sold or given to university libraries.

Yudin donated generously to promote education, medicine and the local health resorts. In 1907 the Krasnoyarsk city duma elected him honorary curator of the 14th community school that had just opened. After the call for donations in 1907 for the construction of the Romanov Museum in Kostroma , his 10,000 ruble donation was the largest single donation. The museum is now the Kostroma Art Museum.

Judin continued to collect and built a second, smaller library with rarities . In 1911 he bought 23.5 pud documents on the history of trade in Kjachta . In 1912 he acquired the archive of the Nertschinsk journalist Ivan Vasilyevich Bagaschew. A publication was planned. The archive has been split up and is largely lost.

After the October Revolution Judins second library was nationalized with over 10,000 copies and Yeniseisk passed Central Library. This also included a valuable collection of around 400 mostly French erotic books and pictures. A quarter of the collection was lost when the library manager Tikhonov took out copies and distributed them to friends. In 1939, on the initiative of Sergei Nikolayevich Markov, the remains of the Yudin collections were found in Krasnoyarsk. Among them was the description of the first Russian circumnavigation of the world under Adam Johann von Krusenstern and Nikolai Petrovich Resanow with Resanov's business papers.

Since 1990 the Krasnoyarsk State Universal Science Library has been holding conferences under the name Yudin Lectures .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Юдин (Геннадий Васильевич) . In: Brockhaus-Efron . tape XLI , 1904, pp. 286–287 ( Wikisource [accessed November 26, 2018]).
2. ↑ Pargamin MN: Polovoj mir muzhchin i zhenshhin po dannym anatomii, fiziologii i patologii./ Pargamin MH Sexual world men and women the according anatomy, physiology and pathology . St. Petersburg 1893.
3. ^ Meeting of Frontiers: The Gennadii V. Yudin Collection of Russian-American Company Papers (accessed November 26, 2018).
4. ↑ Петряев Е .: И. В. Багашев . In: Литературная Сибирь . Irkutsk 1986.
5. ↑ Константинова Н. Н .: Материалы архива И. В. Багашева в Читинском краеведческом музее им. А. К. Кузнецова . In: Заб .: Судьба провинции . 5th edition. Tschita 2004.