Upper Hessian threshold

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The Upper Hessian Threshold is a range of hills in the West Hessian mountain and depression region in North and Central Hesse , which connects the mountainous low mountain ranges of Kellerwald and Vogelsberg in a north-south direction on the Rhine-Weser watershed . The threshold is divided into the Gilserberger Heights in the north, the central Neustädter Sattel and the northern Vogelsberg foreland in the south .

View from the Amöneburg to the Gilserberger Heights with Burgholz ( 379.1  m , left) and the Kellerwald behind it with Hohem Lohr ( 656.7  m , left, television tower), Jeust (approx. 585  m , center) and Wüstegarten ( 675.3  m , right). In the left foreground the town of Kirchhain .

Geographical location

In the north, the Gilserberger Heights merge directly into the significantly higher Kellerwald with the mountains Jeust and Wüstegarten , in the northeast into the Löwensteiner Grund , which is counted among the Ostwaldecker Randsenken .

Separated by the Wohra , the Burgwald joins the Gilserberger Heights in the north west . In the southern west, the Ohm and the flat Amöneburg Basin follow the Neustädter Sattel and the northern Vogelsberg foreland .

The Vogelsberg foreland goes in the extreme southwest - again with the Ohm as a demarcation - into the Lumda plateau . The Lumda Plateau is part of the so-called Vorderen Vogelsberg , which is finally joined by the Untere Vogelsberg east of the Ohm valley in the south . Like the actual ( Hohe ) Vogelsberg , this already belongs to the East Hessian mountainous region .

To the east, the three parts of the Upper Hessian Threshold are joined by the West Hessian Basin in the form of the Schwalm on the Eder tributary of the same name .

Natural structure

The Upper Hessian Threshold is divided as part of the West Hessian mountainous region (main unit group 34) as follows:

  • 346 Upper Hessian threshold
    • 346.0 Gilserberger Heights (164.97 km²)
    • 346.1 Neustädter Sattel (84.49 km²)
    • 346.2 Northern Vogelsberg foreland (199.16 km²)

Gilserberger Heights

The Gilserberger Heights are largely forested; the northern part belongs to a large extent to the Treysa State Forest , the southwestern foothills near Burgholz to the Rauschenberg State Forest and the Kirchhainer Stadtwald .

If heights of up to 470.6  m ( Hundskopf ) are reached in the north, in the immediate vicinity of the Kellerwald , which is a good 200 m higher , the ridge flattens out to the south to the maximum summit height of 379.1  m ( Burgholz ).

View from Wolfskaute near Rauschenberg to Gilserberger Heights as part of the Upper Hessian Threshold , which connects the Vogelsberg ( 773  m , far right in the background) and the Kellerwald (up to 675.3  m , far left). To the right of the Burgholz ( 379.1  m ), to the right of the middle in the distant background the cherry forest ( up to 532.8  m ) in the Knüll (up to 635.5  m ), to the left of the middle the Ernsthausen wind turbine ; on the far left the seemingly merged Jeust (approx. 585  m ) and Wüstegarten ( 675.3  m ), on the far left the Hohe Lohr ( 656.7  m , television tower)

Neustadt saddle

View from the Amöneburg to Neustädter Sattel and Knüll ( 635.5  m ). Directly to the left of the saddle is the largely cleared, Krückeberg ( 345.4 m ), which still belongs to the saddle in
terms of  its natural surroundings, to the right of the saddle is the high plateau of the northern Vogelsberg foreland ( 388  m )

The Neustädter Saddle , which is very narrow (seen as a natural area) in north-south direction, is the lowest part of the Rhine-Weser watershed between Kellerwald and Vogelsberg . The Main-Weser-Bahn crosses it between Stadtallendorf and Neustadt at an altitude of about 285  m above sea level. NN , the federal highway 454 at almost 300  m above sea level. NN .

If the Neustädter Sattel actually represents the depression between the plateau of the northern Krückeberg es (at the Gilserberger Heights, which ends in the south ) and the Wahlener high plateau to the southeast (on the northern edge of the northern Vogelsberg foreland ), the "Neustädter Sattel" also becomes the natural area Krückeberg himself counted, but not the Wahlen high plateau .

Mediterranean Mjosen Zone

The Neustädter Sattel is part of the Mediterranean-Mjösen zone , a sequence of valley basins that stretch from the Rhone Valley over the Upper Rhine Graben , the Wetterau and the Giessen Basin , below the Vorderen Vogelsberg, and finally to the Amöneburg Basin , from there over the Neustädter Sattel into the West Hessian region Lower and continue over the Leinegraben to the Oslograben .

Northern Vogelsberg foreland

The north of the northern Vogelsberg foreland , in the immediate vicinity of the Neustädter Sattel , is dominated by a completely cleared high plateau up to 388 meters high around the Kirtorf districts of Wahlen , Arnshain and Gleimenhain . There are various wind turbines here, the visibility is sufficient in good visibility z. B. to the 70 km distant Hohen Meißner in the northeast and is undisturbed in practically all directions.

In the north-west it is barely over 300  m above sea level. Herrenwald near Stadtallendorf , reaching the NN , the south is also largely wooded.

The Gleen flows in the southwest , and in the south it is partly the border river to the Lower Vogelsberg .

geology

The Gilserberger heights are predominantly red sandstone , the centrally in southeastern directions from Momberger shell dig is crossed. The New Town saddle of loess dominated soils that on the southern Interface to Northern Vogelsberg foothills also sound to be replaced. In the latter natural area, the clay finally changes into red sandstone, which gradually gives way to the basalt of the Vogelsberg and its surrounding area.

Mountains (selection)

  • Hundskopf ( 470.6  m ) - extreme north of the Gilserberger Heights
  • Dachsberg ( 388  m ) - highest elevation on the cleared high plateau in the north of the northern Vogelsberg foreland on the Rhine-Weser watershed, immediately south of the Neustädter saddle ; at Arnshain
  • Burgholz ( 379.1  m ) - extreme southwest of the Gilserberger Heights ; Observation tower
  • Kohlkopf ( 371.4  m ) - in the west of the Treysa State Forest , Gilserberger Heights
  • Hochberg ( 359.4  m ) - Stadtberg von Homberg (Ohm) with a good view thanks to clearing on the southwest border of the northern Vogelsberg foothills to the Lumda plateau
  • Krückeberg ( 345.4  m ) - cleared high plateau in the north of the Neustädter Sattel natural area , which adjoins the south of the Gilserberger Heights and is connected to the southeast Wahlener high plateau by the actual saddle
  • Nelle Berg ( 344.6  m ) - kuppiger Neustadt Stadtberg Burgruine with the south of the Neustadt saddle s

places

The Gilserberger Heights are located in the Schwalm-Eder district and in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district , the Neustädter Sattel mainly in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district and the northern Vogelsberg foreland mainly in the Vogelsberg district (and only in the extreme northwest, partly in Marburg-Biedenkopf).

Important places are Gilserberg in the north, Jesberg on the northeast border, Schwalmstadt on the eastern border, Kirchhain on the western border, Stadtallendorf and Neustadt in the center and Homberg (Ohm) and Kirtorf on the southern border.

See also

  • Bergsattel (with the Neustädter Sattel as an example)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Map and description in the Environmental Atlas of Hesse
  2. a b Geological overview map of Hesse. Historical atlas of Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation : Landscape profiles "Gilserberger Heights" ( memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , "Neustädter Sattel" ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and "Nördliches Vogelsberg-Vorland" ( memento of the original dated September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfn.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfn.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfn.de

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