Nellenburg (Neustadt)

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Nellenburg Castle
Daniel Meisner's little treasure chest: “Newstadt in Hessen”: On the right in the background the Nellenburg ruins that were still in existence at the time

Daniel Meisner 's little treasure chest : “Newstadt in Hessen”: On the right in the background the ruins of Nellenburg that were still in existence at the time

Creation time : around 1294
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Wall remains
Standing position : Nobles
Place: Neustadt
Geographical location 50 ° 50 '15.6 "  N , 9 ° 7' 3.9"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 50 '15.6 "  N , 9 ° 7' 3.9"  E
Height: 345  m above sea level NHN
Nellenburg (Hesse)
Nellenburg
Last remains of the Nellenburg wall

The Nellenburg is the ruin of a hilltop castle about one kilometer south of Neustadt in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in Hesse on a 345 meter high basalt cone known as the "grove" (northern edge of the Gleimenhainer Höhe) on the southern edge of the Neustädter saddle .

history

The castle, built in the 13th century by the Counts of Ziegenhain and first mentioned in 1271 (on the Nalinburg documents Ludwig II. Von Ziegenhain with his wife Sophie) was built in 1294 by Count Engelbert I. von Ziegenhain von Nidda together with the city and the entire office Neustadt sold to the Kurmainz . In 1431 and 1492, according to documents, the archbishopric only owns part of the castle next to unnamed heirs. Possibly 1462–1464 in the course of the Mainz collegiate feud , stormed by landgraves' troops during the conquest of Neustadt. In 1462 construction work is still recorded. In 1502 Johann von Wahlen sold the Nellenburg to Johann Steuber , whose heirs sold it to von Dörnberg in 1535 . In 1529 the castle was still inhabited, after 1535 it was described as desolate .

architecture

There are still remnants of a fortification system with a trench and rampart system: the castle consisted of a double rectangular system with a total circumference of around 23 m × 20 m and an oval drying trench and outer wall as well as a section trench in front of the attack side in the east. The northern rectangular system has about 2.60 m thick outer walls and takes up an area of ​​about 10 m × 20 m. To the south, the castle complex, which is a little deeper, is connected with a weaker outer wall. At its southwest corner there is a rounded bulge to which a tower can be assigned. Remnants of ruins must have existed well into the 17th century, as can be seen in Daniel Meisner's copper engraving from his " Treasure Chest ", made between 1638 and 1678.

Others

The Nellenberg, on the summit of which the Nellenburg stood, from the north.

According to mythical traditions, an underground corridor still leads from the “Junker Hansen Tower” , the landmark of Neustadt, to the nearby Nellenburg, filled with weapons, armor, gold and silver dishes.

Further use

The concrete foundations and remains of the posts of a square wooden tower on the highest point are still very clearly visible today. An inscription allows a more precise dating:

BUILT 1938 by the 2. (ma) Kp.P. 49

literature

  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 258.
  • Alfred Schneider: The early to late medieval fortifications of the Amöneburg area. In: Amöneburger Blätter, No. 3, 1990
  • Karl Knetsch: Something about the Nellenburg near Neustadt , in Hessische Chronik, issue 10 (born in 1912) and issue 1 (born in 1913)
  • Alfred Schneider: The Nellenburg over Neustadt . in: Hessenland 10 (1963), episode 20 (with a plan by Willi Görich )
  • Ferdinand Malkmus: Chronicle of the city of Neustadt, Kirchhain 1904.

Web links

Commons : Nellenburg (Neustadt)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The name changed in the documents from Nalinburg (1271) to Nelinburg (1407), Neylenburg (1430) or Nelnburg (1431), changed thirty years later to Neylnburg (1462) or Negelnburg (1462) and was named Nelenburg for the last time (1535) mentioned. See: Nellenburg, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of July 23, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on October 18, 2012 .