Great coat of arms of the Russian Empire

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Great coat of arms of Russia

The Great Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire was the Russian coat of arms from 1882 to 1917 . With the October Revolution of 1917 it was replaced by the coat of arms of the Russian SFSR .

Description of coat of arms

sign

In the golden escutcheon a gold-armored, red-tongued black double-headed eagle crowned with the crown of the Russian Empire . The same crown with the sky-blue ribbon of the Order of Andrew the First Called hangs between both heads . The eagle holds in his right claw the Russian Empire scepter the Russian and in the left claw orb . The coat of arms is hung from the order of St. Andrew the First Called .

Center shield

In the red, gold-rimmed middle shield, the holy martyr Saint George , in silver armor with a billowing blue cloak, riding on a rearing white horse saddled with a red, gold-fringed blanket . The horse is provided with a golden bridle and a golden mane. Below him a crawling gold-winged golden dragon , whose jaws St. George spears with a lance. The lance ends in the golden cross .

Coat of arms

On the shield rests the helmet of St. Alexander Nevsky with a black and gold helmet cover . As a slogan or (?) Banner reads one "Съ Нами Богъ" ( "God with us").

Coat of arms holder

Shield holders are on the right the fully armed Archangel Michael with a flaming sword in his right hand and on the left the clothed Archangel Gabriel with a golden long cross in his left hand.

Heraldic tent

The crest tent is outside with gold double eagles sprinkled inside shows ermine and is held together by a golden dome above, as saying the currency Съ нами Богъ ( "God with us") in red capital letters shows. On the dome rests the Russian imperial crown with a sky-blue ribbon hanging from it of the Order of Andrew the First Called. The whole thing is dominated by the Russian golden imperial banner, which shows the small coat of arms of the Russian empire . The banner pages are decorated with the colors black, gold and silver.

Heraldic circle

A laurel branch on each side, on which a total of nine coats of arms lie, and on each side another three above that surround the tent.

Heraldic right semicircle

The heraldic right side shows im

  • Shield A (Provinces of Greater Russia ): Split twice and split twice with the tip inserted:
    • Field 1 ( Nizhny Novgorod ): In silver, a striding red deer with black hooves and antlers.
    • Field 2: In silver protrude from the blue flanks of the cloud to the right and left, two red-clad arms, which together hold two red crossed spears.
    • Field 3 ( Ryazan ): In gold, a green-clad prince with a cap, red cloak and red boots wields a sword with his right hand and holds the black scabbard with his left.
    • Field 4 ( Smolensk ): In silver, a black cannon with a gold mount and gold wheels, a bird sits on the fuse.
    • Field 5 ( Pskow ): In blue a golden snow leopard, over which silver clouds hover at the upper edge of the shield and a right hand protrudes.
    • Field 6 ( Tver ): In red, a golden throne with a crown on the green seat.
    • Field 7 ( Rostow ): In red a silver stag with a gold ring around its neck.
    • Field 8: In blue two diagonally crossed silver fish. Above it a rising silver crescent moon and in the right upper corner a golden cross.
    • Field 9 ( Yaroslavl ): In silver a looking black bear with a golden ax in its left paw.
    • Retracted tip of the shield: in black a red-tongued silver fox .
  • Shield B (Provinces of Belarus and Lithuania ): Embroidered coat of arms with inserted tip and heart shield:
    • Field 1 ( Białystok ): Divided into red and gold. Above a silver eagle and below a knight in blue armor, riding a black horse with a gold-fringed red blanket. He is brandishing a sword and holding a silver shield covered with a red Russian cross.
    • Field 2: ( Samogitia , Lower Lithuania): In gold, a red-tongued and erect black bear.
    • Field 3: In silver, a knight in black armor rides a black horse with a gold-fringed red blanket. He is brandishing a sword and holding a red shield covered with a silver Russian cross.
    • Field 4 ( Lithuania ): In red, a knight in silver armor rides on a white horse with a red saddle and a blue-fringed golden blanket. He wields a sword and holds a red shield covered with a silver double cross.
    • Retracted tip ( Mszislau ): In silver, a running red wolf that defies against .
    • Heart shield: In red, a knight in silver armor rides a black horse with a red saddle and a gold-fringed red blanket. He is brandishing a sword and holding a silver shield covered with a red Russian cross.
  • Shield C (northeastern provinces): Embroidered coat of arms with heart shield:
    • Field 1 ( Kirow ): In gold, a red-clad arm protrudes from a left blue flank of the cloud and holds a red bow with an arrow. In the upper right corner a red cross.
    • Field 2: In green, a silver lamb of God with a golden rod on which a red gonfanon covered with a silver cross hangs.
    • Field 3 ( Obdorsk ): In silver, a running red-tongued black fox.
    • Field 4: In green, a wild man , wreathed with oak leaves and belted, holds a silver club on his right shoulder.
    • Heart shield ( Perm ): In red, a running silver pack bear with a book on its back with a silver paw cross .
  • Shield 1: ( Khanate of Kazan ): In silver, a gold-crowned, gold-reinforced, red-winged black silant with a red tip of the tail ( Kazan's coat of arms ). The golden crown of the Kingdom of Kazan rests on the shield.
  • Shield 2: ( Kingdom of Poland ): In red a gold-crowned, gold-armored silver eagle ( coat of arms of Poland ). The golden crown of the Kingdom of Poland rests on the shield.
  • Shield 3: ( Tauria ): In gold, a gold-crowned, gold-armored black double-headed eagle with a gold-rimmed blue breast shield , in which a gold orthodox cross hovers. The golden crown rests on the shield.
  • Shield 4: ( Grand Duchies of Kiev , Vladimir , Novgorod ): A silver tip with a blue shield base splits into blue and red.
    • Right ( Kiev ): Archangel Michael in blue in silver armor with silver wing tips holds a flaming sword in his right hand and a silver shield in his left.
    • Left ( Vladimir ): In red a raised, crowned golden lion looking forward, holding a long-stalked silver cross in his right paw.
    • The inserted tip shows two erect, black bears in silver . Between the facing bears is a golden throne, on which a golden scepter and a golden long-stalked cross are inclined. Three burning candles in a gold candlestick above (Grand Duchy of Novgorod ).
    • In the blue base of the shield there are two silver fish facing towards it .
    • The golden crown rests on the shield.

Heraldic left semicircle

The heraldic left side shows in:

  • Shield D (southwestern provinces of Volhynia, Podlask and Chernigov): Split in red and blue with an inserted silver tip shows a silver cross with paws in front ( Volhynia ) and behind a bright golden midday sun , above which a golden cross hovers (Podlasak); in the top a crowned black Chernigov eagle , in the left claw a golden long-stalked cross holding diagonally ( Tschernigow ).
  • Shield E (Baltic Provinces): Embroidered coat of arms shows:
    • Field 1 ( Estonia ): In gold, three striding blue lions are placed on stakes.
    • Field 2 ( Livonia ): In red a silver griffin with a gold sword and red crowned initials on the chest.
    • Field 3 ( Courland and Semgallia ): Square in silver and blue.
      • in front above and behind below an erect red and red-crowned lion, in front above turned to the left ( Courland ).
      • in the back above and in front below a crowned silver elk with antlers breaking out of the flank , in front below turned to the left ( Semgallians ).
    • Field 4 ( Karelia ): A golden crown hovers over two armored arms facing each other , each swinging a curved sword.
  • Shield F ( Turkestan ): In gold, a striding red-armored and red-tongued black unicorn .
  • Shield 5 ( Grand Duchy of Astrakhan ): In blue, a green-lined golden royal crown hovers over a gold -knobbed silver saber with a golden cross- guard and handle pointing to the right . The golden crown of the Kingdom of Astrakhan rests on the shield.
  • Shield 6 ( Grand Duchy of Siberia ): In with ermine occupied sign two black turned toward erect sable with a golden crown Or and two to sign foot pointing schrage as crossed red arrows reserved. The golden crown of the Kingdom of Siberia rests on the shield.
  • Shield 7 ( Grand Duchy of Georgia ): Square with inserted golden tip and a golden heart shield.
    • The upper right field shows a silver rearing horse in red. In the left upper corner and in the right lower corner a silver eight-pointed star .
    • The upper left field shows in blue between three (1; 2) silver six-pointed stars two silver arrows pointing towards the head of the shield , black diagonally crossed arrows behind a golden central shield covered with a red crescent moon .
    • The lower right field shows a green, smoking volcano in gold, in which there are two black diagonally crossed arrows pointing towards the head of the shield.
    • The lower left field shows an erect, crowned red lion in gold .
    • At the top in gold: a red-clad, silver-armored warrior with a black lance on his right shoulder rides a black galloping horse.
    • The heart shield shows the martyr Saint George in gold , in blue armor with a waving red cloak. He rides a rearing black horse saddled with a red, gold-fringed blanket . The horse has a (blue?) Bridle and a golden mane. Below him a crawling black-winged green dragon , whose mouth St. George spears a red lance.
    • The golden crown rests on the shield
  • Shield 8 ( Grand Duchy of Finland ): In red, a crowned, golden, erect lion, surrounded by eight silver roses , holds a sword with a golden pommel, hilt and gold quillons in its armored right paw, and a sword with a golden pommel on the right rear paw Standing, grip and golden quillons ( coat of arms of Finland ). The golden crown of the Principality of Finland rests on the shield.

Lowest shield in the coat of arms

  • Shield 9 ( Holstein-Gottorp-Romanow . They represented the tsars of the Russian Empire from 1762 to 1917, in the order: Romanow, Oldenburg, Delmenhorst, Norway, Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen.) Split in silver and red
    • front: the black border with eight alternately gold and silver torn-off lion heads surrounds an upright red griffin wielding a sword and holding a round gold shield with a black eagle (coat of arms of the Romanovs ).
    • back: a quartered half with inserted tip and heart shield:
      • Field 1: In red a raised, crowned golden lion, holding in its paws the ax of Saint Olaf with a golden handle ( coat of arms of Norway )
      • Field 2: In gold, three striding blue lions on top of each other ( coat of arms of Denmark ).
      • Field 3: In red, a small plate divided into silver and red on a nettle leaf ( Holstein's coat of arms ).
      • Field 4: In red a gold-billed silver swan with a gold crown around its neck and gold feet ( Stormarn's coat of arms ).
      • Inserted tip: In red, a rider in golden armor on a white horse, swinging a silver sword and holding a blue shield with a golden cross of paws ( Dithmarschen's coat of arms ).
      • Heart shield: split in gold and blue; at the front two red bars and at the back a golden cross with paws on the foot ( Delmenhorst's coat of arms ). The ducal crown rests on the shield .
    • The royal crown rests on the shield.

literature

  • Burchard von Wichmann: Presentation of the Russian monarchy according to its most important statistical-political relationships. Parts 1–2, Verlag in der Hartmannschen Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1813, p. 253 ff.
  • Isabelle de Keghel: The State Symbolism of the New Russia. LIT Verlag, Berlin / Hamburg / Münster 2008, ISBN 978-3-8258-8862-6 .
  • Carl Arvid von Klingspor : Baltic heraldic book. Coats of arms of all the knights of Livonia, Estonia, Courland and Oesel belonging to the noble families. Adamant Media Corporation Publisher, ISBN 0-543-98710-8 .
  • Chr. Gaspari, G. Hassel, IG Fr. Cannabisch: Complete manual of the description of the earth. 3. Dept. Volume 2, Verlag des Geographisches Institut, Weimar 1821, p. 126.

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