Heinrich von Schullern zu Schrattenhofen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Heinrich von Schullern (1935)
Heinrich v. Schullern around 1900
Coat of arms of the Knights of Schullern zu Schrattenhofen

Heinrich Anton Johann Wolfgang Paul Ritter von Schullern zu Schrattenhofen ( pseudonym Paul Ebenberg; born April 17, 1865 in Innsbruck ; † December 16, 1955 there ) was an Austrian writer and military doctor from the Schullern zu Schrattenhofen family . His poetic oeuvre spanned 70 years and ranged from the naturalism of the sophisticated social novels , romantic poetry and short stories to his monumental main work, the Tyrolean novel trilogy "The Land in the Mountains" .

Life and military career

Born as the second son of the school inspector and journalist Anton von Schullern (1832–1889), Heinrich comes from a Tyrolean aristocratic family from the Zillertal , which was founded by Emperor Karl VI. In the 1734 knighthood had been raised. His mother Paula (1840–1903), b. von Finetti, was from the old Gorizia nobility. His older brother was the economist Hermann von Schullern (1861–1931).

After graduating from high school in 1884, Heinrich studied medicine at the universities of Innsbruck , Graz and Munich . During his studies in 1885 he became a member of the Frankonia Graz fraternity , from which he left in 1910; later he belonged to the Corps Ottonia Vienna . He received his doctorate in medicine in 1890 in Innsbruck. He gained his first practical experience as an assistant doctor at the Innsbruck women's clinic and as a secondary doctor in the internal and then in the surgical department of the Salzburg regional hospital . After his marriage to Anna von Thurn (1868–1937), Schullern decided to work as a community doctor in Maxglan (Salzburg). After the birth of his daughter Edith (1892–1982), he joined the Austrian army as a reserve doctor and in 1895 became senior physician in the Landwehr in Salzburg.

From 1904 he worked as a regimental doctor and chief medical officer of the Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 24 in Vienna, in 1911 he was transferred to Bozen as a medical officer of the supplementary district command of the 2nd Tyrolean Kaiserjäger Regiment and in 1912 to Innsbruck. During the First World War , he first worked as a division medical director on the Eastern Front and at the end of 1914 he took over the management of the military medical service in Innsbruck. In March 1915, Schullern was appointed as the commandant of Divisional Sanitation No. 26. This was followed by front-line operations in Galicia and the Carpathians . As a medical officer, he took part in the advance from Hungary over the Duklapass to Przemyśl . From the end of 1915 to 1918, after being wounded, he worked as chief physician and teacher at the military academy in Vienna. In April 1918 he was ordered to be the chief medical officer of the 106th Troop Division in Lublin .

Heinrich von Schullern died on December 16, 1955. His death mask was made by the sculptor Franz Staud (1905–1959). Heinrich von Schullern found his final resting place at Innsbruck's municipal west cemetery .

Writing and political engagement

Following his literary interests, Schullern joined the Salzburg literature and art society "Pan" in 1898 and worked alongside his service as a military doctor at the magazine Der Kyffhäuser (1899–1901) and the Scherer (1902–1905) published by Hugo Greinz in Linz Innsbruck with. In 1899 he was co-editor of the Jung-Tirol anthology .

As a senior medical officer, Schullern lived again in his hometown Innsbruck from 1919 and devoted himself to his writing. This included prose as well as poetry and drama . His main work is the novel trilogy Das Land im Gebirge , a work based on intensive archive studies that occupied him for almost a quarter of a century and was only published as a whole at the end of the 1940s. In 1919 he was the founder and chairman of the Andreas Hofer Association , which opposed the separation of South Tyrol , and vice president of the Tyrolean Chamber of Artists.

In the Third Reich , the passionate champion for Austria's independence could not be mentioned in public. However, his contributions were taken over in the National Socialist Bozner Tagblatt .

reception

Schullern was portrayed by several Austrian sculptors and painters, such as Walter Lenk , Franz Santifaller (1894–1953), Albin Lanner (1900–1950), Lois Alton (1894–1972), Wolfgang Oegg (1901–1983) and others Set to music several times, including by the Austrian composers Ferdinand Rebay (1880–1953), Karl Senn (1878–1964), Albert Riester (1906–1975), Karl Maria Löbl (1911–1942) and Anton Hugo Spiller (1892–1952).

Honors, awards and prizes

  • 1915: Knight of the Imperial Austrian Franz Joseph Order
  • 1917: Bauernfeld Prize for the novel: Ein Griff ins Feuer , 1916, which appeared in the Wiener Tagblatt under the title Don Juan als Retter .
  • 1930: In recognition of the achievements of the brothers Heinrich (doctor and writer) and Hermann (university professor) as well as that of their father Anton v. School learning (writer, teacher, journalist) dedicates the city of Innsbruck this the " school learning street " (Burgenlandstraße / Ostfriedhof).
  • 1935: Appointment by the Federal President Wilhelm Miklas as General Staff Doctor d. R.
  • 1935: Honorary citizen of Natters and inauguration of the Heinrich-von-Schullern-Weg
  • 1936: Golden Ring of the City of Innsbruck
  • October 1943: Honorary member of the University of Chernivtsi (Romania)
  • April 1949: Honorary member of the University of Innsbruck
  • Decoration of honor for 70 years of membership in the Austrian Alpine Club .
  • 1952: admission (ad personam) to the Tyrolean registry foundation (ex Tyrolean nobility registry)

Works (selection)

Autobiography

  • Recollections of a field doctor from the world war . Military science publisher, Vienna 1934, 248 pp. (Digitized version)

Stories, short stories

  • Chiaroscuro. Pictures and songs . Verlag Lesk and Schwidernoch 1892, Vienna, 107 pp. (Digitized version)
  • Vampyre. Novella . Alpenheim Verlag, Salzburg 1899, 18 pp.
  • New sketchbook . Österreichische Verlagsanstalt, Vienna 1900, 139 pp.
  • Side lights. Novellas and Stories . Pohls Volksbücherei, Prachatitz 1908, 144 pp.
  • Berggenossen and other stories (Reclam's Universal Library; Vol. 5650). Reclam, Leipzig 1914, 94 pp.
  • From the garden of faith. Little stories from Tyrol . Publishing house Tyrolia, Innsbruck 1919, 92 pp.
  • Antics of fate (series of novels by WILA; Vol. 1). Vienna Literary Institute, Vienna 1920, 122 pp.
  • Between world and mountain silence. Selected seals . Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1926, 181 pages (introduced by Hans Bator ).
  • From South Tyrol's past. Historical stories (Deutsche Hausbücherei; Vol. 186). Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1928, 94 pp.
  • The world of dreams. Novellas . Verlag "Das Bergland-Buch", Graz 1932, 159 pp.
  • Rudolf Fiedler, Bruno Hibler (ed.): Stories and poems. On his 70th birthday (The call of the homeland. Descriptions and stories of Austria's people and country; Vol. 1). Young Austria, Innsbruck 1935 (With a foreword by Federal Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg ). 78 pp.

Poems

  • Poems . J. Eisenstein & Co, Vienna 1912, 79 p. (Digitized version)
  • In the mountain home. New poems . Heinrich Pohlschröder Verlag, Innsbruck 1925, 82 pp.
  • Irmgard Webhofer (Ed.): Am Felsenquell. Selected poems . Wagner, Innsbruck 1955, 48 pp.

Novels

  • In the pre-march of love. Contemporary novel . Österreichische Verlagsanstalt, Linz 1900, 293 pages (digitized version)
  • The doctors. Novel . Österreichische Verlagsanstalt, Vienna 1902, 410 pp. (Digitized version)
  • Catholics. Novel . Konegen-Verlag, Vienna 1904, 264 pp.
  • Young Austria. A fraternity novel . Georg Müller, Munich 1910, 430, 433 pp. (2 volumes)
  • Of blooming and spoiling. Tragedy of a student . Georg Müller, Munich 1912, 207 pp.
  • Gem of Tyrol. Novel from the sinking Middle Ages . Verlagsanstalt Tyrolia, Innsbruck 1927, 551 pp.
  • Boccaccio at Castle Tyrol. A Maultaschroman . Concordia Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Engel und Toeche, Berlin-Friedenau 1932, 310 pp. (Digitized version)
  • The country in the mountains , Inn-Verlag, Innsbruck 1948 ff.
  1. Boccaccio at Tirol Castle .
  2. The Duke with the Empty Pocket. Tyrolean novel . (Digitized version)
  3. Gem of Tyrol . (Digitized version)

Plays

  • The trichina . Stagger in 3 lifts. Salzburg: Alpenheim 1900, 40 pp.
  • Connoisseurs. Three one-act plays . Georg Müller, Munich 1906, 127 pages (first performance in the Salzburg City Theater on March 31, 1906).
  • The woman fool. Scene in one act . First Wiener Verein-Buchdruckerei, Vienna 1907 (special print from the Wiener Deutschen Tagblatt , 1907), 16 pp.
  • The escape. Acting in one act . First Viennese printing association, Vienna 1907, 22 pp.
  • Not for sale good. (The symphony). A play in four acts . Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1926, 59 pages (first performance at the Innsbruck City Theater on May 8, 1925).

Literature (selection)

  • Ella Triebnigg-Birkhert: Heinrich von Schullern. On his 60th birthday on April 17, 1925 . In: Roseggers Heimgarten. Monthly for entertainment and education . Vol. 49 (1925), No. 4, pp. 248f
  • Short biography. In: Leopold Kundschank (Ed.): Austria 1918–1934 . Typographische Anstalt, Vienna 1935, p. 327
  • Susanne Witsch: Heinrich von Schullern. A monograph . Dissertation, University of Innsbruck [1936?]
  • Ernst Hutschenreiter: Register of Austrian writers and writers . Augartenverlag Stephan Szabo Vienna 1937, p. 128
  • Eduard Castle (Ed.): German-Austrian Literary History, Vol. 4: From 1890 to 1918 . Fromme Wien 1937, pp. 1147, 1171 f., 1189 f., 1302 f., 1310, 1318, 1367, 1531, 1948, 2177, 2186, 2199, 2235 f., 2241.
  • Hans Giebisch, Ludwig Pichler, Kurt Vancsa (Eds.): Small Austrian Literature Lexicon (Austrian Homeland; Vol. 8). Hollinek, Vienna 1948, p. 416.
  • Karl Paulin: Heinrich von Schullern and his time. A picture of the life of the Austrian poet . Wagner, Innsbruck 1960 (with 6 illustrations).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Today Medical University of Innsbruck
  2. ↑ Today Medical University of Graz .
  3. ↑ Today clinic of the University of Munich .
  4. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 631–633.
  5. ^ Heinrich von Schullern: Fall from the Greifenschloss . Bozner Tagblatt from April 1, 1944, p. 3 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Schullern zu Schrattenhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Schullern zu Schrattenhofen, Heinrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schullern zu Schrattenhofen, Heinrich Anton Johann Wolfgang Paul Ritter von (full name); Ebenberg, Paul (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer and military doctor
DATE OF BIRTH April 17, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH innsbruck
DATE OF DEATH December 16, 1955
Place of death innsbruck