Hermann von Schmeidel

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Hermann von Schmeidel on an artist postcard from Elberfeld around 1922

Hermann von Schmeidel (born June 20, 1894 in Graz ; † October 10, 1953 there ; born as Hermann Friedrich Ritter von Schmeidel ) was an Austrian music teacher , composer and conductor .

family

Hermann von Schmeidel was born as the son of the regional judge Viktor Ritter von Schmeidel (1856–1920), who was Federal Chairman of the Styrian Choir between 1893 and 1920 . He had his son trained at the school of the Musikverein for Styria and then at the Vienna State Academy ( Academy of Music ) and the University of Graz . Hermann von Schmeidel was a student - and later an assistant - of Franz Schalk .

In 1919 he married the concert and opera singer Gabriele “Jella” Braun von Fernwald (1894–1965) from Vienna . Both had a daughter in 1920, Christa (1920–2012). In 1924 the couple separated. The daughter Elisabeth “Bettina” Schmeidel (1945–2012) comes from his marriage to Eleonora “Elly” von Arbesser-Rastburg, who was previously married to Paul Stefan (1879–1943) around 1944 .

Artistic development

Schmeidel conducts the dress rehearsal of a concert by the Vienna Philharmonic and the Leoben Choir during the Upper Styrian Music Week in Leoben in the summer of 1921

Between 1912 and 1915 Schmeidel taught at the Duesberg Music School in Vienna , which was founded by the violinist August Duesberg (1867–1922) in the late 1890s. For his daughter Nora Duesberg (1895–1982), with whom he later appeared in concerts, he created an arrangement of Schubert's Lullaby (D 498) for violin and orchestra.

In 1915 he founded the Vienna Women's Choir , conducted the Singing Association of the Society of Music Friends in Vienna and the Tonkünstler Orchestra .

In the 1920/21 season he became choirmaster of the Wiener Schubertbund and conducted the choir together with the orchestra of the Wiener Konzertverein at concerts in the Wiener Konzerthaus .

Then in 1921 he was appointed permanent director of the Elberfeld Concert Society in Elberfeld (today part of Wuppertal ) and also worked in Düsseldorf with the Düsseldorf men 's choir , in Frankfurt aM with the Dessoff women's choir (see Margarete Dessoff ) and was active throughout the Rhineland.

From 1925 to 1933 he headed the orchestra school and the conducting class at Dr. Hoch's Conservatory in Frankfurt am Main .

From the autumn of 1927, Schmeidel, who had also headed the Prague German Singing Association since 1926, also took over the management of the Prague German Men's Singing Association as Zemlinsky's successor . He was also appointed head of the orchestral class at the Prague German Music Academy .

Between 1930 and 1933 he also worked as the choir conductor of the Mainz Liedertafel in Mainz .

After the transfer of power to the National Socialists on January 30, 1933, Schmeidel was immediately dismissed as a "foreigner" at the Hoch Conservatory, as was his Jewish secretary Toni Oberländer because of "smuggling of alien races at the Conservatory". He went back to Austria, where between 1933 and 1938 he directed the Musikverein für Steiermark and the Graz Conservatory , founded a Bach choir and introduced "open singing lessons". Between 1935 and 1938 he acted as regional music director of Styria and, together with Ludwig Kelbetz, worked out plans for a Styrian music school, which were implemented after March 1938 under the National Socialist regime. In 1938, after the occupation of Austria by the Wehrmacht , he lost his job and emigrated to Turkey, where he taught in Ankara as the successor to Paul Hindemith . At least for January 1942, however, it is documented that he conducted concerts in the Great Hall of the Mozarteum in Salzburg. Today's University of Music and Performing Arts Graz points out that he was director of the conservatory between 1933 and 1945.

After the end of the Second World War he returned to Austria, where he initially took over the conducting class at the Academy for Music in Salzburg . Between 1946 and 1948 he was the choirmaster of the Salzburg Liedertafel and was appointed to the Mozarteum in Salzburg as a university teacher. From 1951 he worked as part of the Fulbright program at the College of Music at Boston University in Boston , Massachusetts , in the United States .

Hermann von Schmeidel died at the age of 59 in his hometown.

Publications

  • Contribution to: Upper Styrian Music Week Leoben June 28th - July 3rd 1921. Festschrift . o. publ., o. o. 1921.
  • A choir arises . Kistner & Siegel, Leipzig 1940.
  • Styria's share of German mysticism . In: The Joanneum - Contributions to natural history, history, art and economy of the Eastern Alps . Vol. 3: Music in the Eastern Alps . Styrian publishing house, Graz 1940.
  • Our cultural crisis . In: Europe . Monthly magazine. Vol. IV, Salzburg 1950, pp. 20-25.

Known students (selection)

honors and awards

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Viktor Ritter von Schmeidel (Ed.): The German Singers' Association 1862–1912 . Leykam, Graz 1912.
  2. ↑ Rudolf Vierhaus (Ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia (DBE). Vol. 9: Schlumberger - Thiersch . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-096502-5 , p. 8.
  3. ^ Egon Kornauth : Hermann Schmeidel † . In: Österreichische Musikzeitschrift , Volume 8, Issue 11, November 1, 1953, p. 354. doi : 10.7767 / omz.1953.8.11.354
  4. ↑ Karl-Josef Kutsch , Leo Riemens : Large singer lexicon . Vol. 1. KG Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-598-11419-2 .
  5. ↑ Elisabeth Schmeidel: Forehead plants - heart-rooted . Edited by Pia Grubbauer. scaneg Verlag, Munich 2018. ISBN 978-3-89235-313-3 .
  6. ^ A b Monika Kornberger: Duesberg, family. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-7001-3043-0 .
  7. ↑ Theater and Art. (Third symphony competition of the 27 band) .. In:  Grazer Tagblatt / Grazer Tagblatt. Organ of the German People's Party for the Alpine countries / Neues Grazer Tagblatt / Neues Grazer Morgenblatt. Morning edition of the Neues Grazer Tagblatt / Neues Grazer Abendblatt. Evening edition of the Neue Grazer Tagblatt / (Süddeutsches) Tagblatt with the illustrated monthly “Bergland” , March 16, 1915, p. 6 (online at ANNO ). “She [Nora Duesberg] attracted special attention with Schubert's“ Lullaby ”, to which the highly talented young HF v. Schmeidel had set up a very effective, sensitive orchestral accompaniment. In any case, a skilful piece of work that has a great sense of sound and mood. "Template: ANNO / Maintenance / gtb
  8. ↑ (Third Symphony Concert) .. In:  Grazer Tagblatt / Grazer Tagblatt. Organ of the German People's Party for the Alpine countries / Neues Grazer Tagblatt / Neues Grazer Morgenblatt. Morning edition of the Neues Grazer Tagblatt / Neues Grazer Abendblatt. Evening edition of the Neue Grazer Tagblatt / (Süddeutsches) Tagblatt with the illustrated monthly “Bergland” , May 31, 1915, p. 4 (online at ANNO ). "In the lecture regulations of the 15th d. M., the third symphony concert of the band of the Infantry Regiment No. 27 taking place in the theater, the name of a young Grazer, the listener of the Academy of Music in Vienna Hermann F. Ritt, appears. v. Schmeidel with an arrangement of the lullaby [D 498] by Franz Schubert for violin and orchestral accompaniment. "Template: ANNO / Maintenance / gtb
  9. ↑ "A very young conductor, Mr. H. von Schmeidel, recently headed the Tonkünstler Orchestra ...". In:  Signals for the musical world , year 1916, issue 7 of February 16, p. 121. (Online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / smw
  10. ↑ Theater and Art. Schubert Bund. In:  Deutsches Volksblatt / Deutsches Volksblatt. Radical medium-sized organ / telegraph. Radical Mittelstandsorgan / Deutsches Volksblatt. Daily newspaper for Christian German politics , October 26, 1920, p. 4 (online at ANNO ). "In the on 4. d. M., which took place at the annual general meeting of the Schubert-Bund , Mr. Hermann Schmeidel was elected choir master in place of the resigned choir master Ferdinand Rebay , who was appointed honorary member at this meeting. Schmeidel, who enjoys the best reputation in the musical circles of Vienna, already has a good name as a conductor, so it is to be hoped that the choice of our largest Viennese men's choir has made the right man. ... "Template: ANNO / Maintenance / dvb
  11. ^ Choirmaster of the Wiener Schubertbund
  12. ↑ Orchestra of the Wiener Konzertverein / Schmeidel. Friday, February 22, 1918 7:00 p.m. Großer Saal (Wiener Konzerthaus. Search the archive database. Retrieved on February 22, 2018)
    Vienna Symphony Orchestra, male choir of the Vienna Schubert Union, conductor Hermann Friedrich von Schmeidel, Hermann Gürtler (tenor), Gustav Fukar (bass) , Großer Saal, February 22, 1921 (wienersymphoniker.at. Accessed February 22, 2018)
  13. ↑ The Elberfeld Concert Society…. In:  Signals for the musical world , year 1921, issue 23 of June 8th, p. 620. (Online at ANNO ). “The Elberfelder Konzert-Gesellschaft, the Elberfelder Gesangverein and the Elberfelder Lehrer-Gesangverein unanimously elected Hermann von Schmeidel from Vienna as their conductor after a very successful guest concert, which was accompanied by the warm applause of the audience. In view of Schmeidels' success in Elberfeld, the Barmer Konzert-Gesellschaft and the Barmer Singverein have postponed the election of their new conductor until May 1, 1922, in order to give Mr. von Schmeidel the opportunity to become known to the audience in Barmer in a series of guest concerts . The Barmer Konzertgesellschaft will have the right to enter into the contract that Elberfeld has concluded with Mr. von Schmeidel, so that the unification of the two concert societies under one conductor, desired by the many music lovers in both cities, could possibly come to fruition in the near future ... ".Template: ANNO / Maintenance / smw
  14. ↑ a b concerts. Hermann von Schmeidel. Conductor of the German Singing Association. In:  Prager Tagblatt , October 22, 1925, p. 7 (online at ANNO ). "Since Dr. Gerhard von Keutzler could not be persuaded to take over the artistic direction of the singing club after the 1924–1925 season. the association was faced with the task of choosing a new conductor. The association's board of directors has succeeded in gaining a conductor of high standing for the association in the person of the Elberseld music director Hermann von Schmeidel. Hermann von Schmeidel had already made a name for himself in Vienna as Franz Schalk's assistant in the preparation and later also director of the concerts of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, so that in 1921 he was entrusted with the management of the Styrian music festival in Leoben. In the same year he was appointed by the Elberfelder Konzertgesellschaft to lead the local symphony. Oratorio and a capella concerts. Since 1924 Schmeidel has been the conductor of the Düsseldorf men's choir and the famous Dessoff women's choir in Frankfurt a. M., since April 1925 also director of the orchestra and conductor school at the music academy in this city. The (sic) takeover of the activity at the Singverein was made possible by a special concession of the Reich German concert institutes with regard to the rehearsal division. Hermann von Schmeidel will take over the management of the singing club at the beginning of 1926. "Template: ANNO / Maintenance / ptb
  15. ↑ Martina Thöne: City Marketing Winner with Timpani and Trumpets ( Memento of the original from February 20, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Westdeutsche Zeitung , October 16, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wz.de
  16. ^ Paul Greeff: On the music history of Wuppertal in the 19th century (PDF file; 129 KB). In: Contributions to the Rhenish Music History , Issue 5 (1954): Contributions to the music history of the city of Wuppertal . Edited by Gustav Fellerer, Staufen-Verlag, Cologne a. Krefeld 1954, p. 23.
  17. ^ Wuppertal Symphony Orchestra . Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  18. ↑ Kathrin Massar: Exile and inner biography: the composer Erich Itor Kahn in his letters . Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-631-60972-9 , p. 232.
  19. ^ Hermann v Scheidel. In:  Salzburger Volksblatt , March 5, 1927, p. 6 (online at ANNO ). Bottom right: “Hermann v. Schmeidel von Hoch's Conservatory in Frankfurt am Main was appointed head of the orchestral class at the German Music Academy in Prague. "Template: ANNO / Maintenance / svb
  20. ↑ Theater, Art a. Science. Musical corner. In:  Tages-Post , July 9, 1927, p. 6 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / tpt(Right column, below)
  21. ↑ Gottfried Benn : Briefe , Volume 3: Correspondence with Paul Hindemith . Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 978-3-608-21270-9 , p. 225.
  22. ^ Dieter David Seuthe: Frankfurt forbidden . weissbooks, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-940888-87-7 , without page numbers.
  23. ↑ Hermann von Schmeidel in the Lexicon of Persecuted Musicians of the Nazi Era (LexM)
  24. ↑ Walter Rehorska: Municipal music schools Styria - Historical development . On: ms-steiermark.at
  25. ↑ Horst Weber, Stefan Drees: Sources on the history of emigrated musicians 1933–1950 . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3-11-095134-9 , p. 38.
  26. ^ Siegfried Göllner: Die Stadt Salzburg 1942 - newspaper documentation (PDF file; 2.5 MB), p. 35. On: stadt-salzburg.at
  27. ^ History of the KUG - The Association School (1816–1939) . On: kug.ac.at
  28. ↑ Georg Markus: That won't come back: New stories from old times . Amalthea Signum Verlag, Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-902998-45-3 , without page numbers.
  29. ^ Swarowsky symposium of a community of like-minded people . On: Klassik.com
  30. ^ Artistic director since 1847 . On: salzburger-iederafel.at
  31. ^ Ernst Bruckmüller: Austria Lexicon . Christian Brandstätter Verlag, Vienna 2005, ISBN 978-3-85498-385-9 .
  32. ↑ Lukas Näf: Erich Schmid in Frankfurt and Berlin 1927–1933 . In: Swiss Yearbook for Musicology , Volume 26: Erich Schmid (1907–2000). Symposium on the 100th birthday of the Swiss composer. Zurich, January 20, 2007 , ed. v. Joseph Willimann, Swiss Music Research Society. Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-03911-598-3 , p. 24f.
  33. ^ Schmid, Erich (1907–2000) . In: Zurich Central Library. On: uzh.ch
  34. ↑ Hermann von Schmeidel in the Lexicon of Persecuted Musicians of the Nazi Era (LexM)
  35. ^ Official part. In:  Wiener Zeitung , July 15, 1934, p. 1 (online at ANNO ). Left column, middle: With a resolution of 3 July d. J. awarded the director of the conservatory of the Styrian music association Hermann Schmeidel in Graz, ... the title of professor.Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz
personal data
SURNAME Schmeidel, Hermann von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schmeidel, Hermann Friedrich Ritter von (name at birth); Schmeidel, Friedrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian conductor
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz , Styria
DATE OF DEATH October 10, 1953
Place of death Graz , Styria