Ordensamt Schenkendorf

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In the Middle Ages, the Schenkendorf Ordensamt was a small aristocratic rule ( Herrschaft Schenkendorf ) that came into the possession of the Order of St. John in 1512 and was managed as an Ordensamt from 1523 to 1811. Then it became the royal Saxon, from 1815 royal Prussian rent office. In 1820/2 the office was merged with the Guben Rent Office (previously Guben Salt Office ) to form the Guben-Schenkendorf Rent Office . The combined Guben-Schenkendorf Rent Office was dissolved in 1872/4. The area of ​​the rule Schenkendorf was south of Guben on both sides of the Neisse, with the significantly larger part west of the Neisse. The seat of the rule was in the eponymous tavern village , today Sękowice , a district of the rural community (Gmina) Gubin.

Schenkendorf on the Urmes table sheet 4054 Guben from 1845

history

The rule of Schenkendorf was probably owned by the von Landsberg family of Schenken , from whom the place was named, as early as 1300 . The place arose near a castle that monitored a crossing over the Neisse. Rudolf Lehmann believes it is possible that the family butler of Landsberg already among the illustrious Henry in the Lower Lausitz came. However, it is unknown what extent the rule was at that time. But they had (litter) possessions far beyond the later rule of Schenkendorf. In 1313 Otto and Heinrich donated the Schenkendorf taverns to Neuzelle Abbey, Lake Pinnow near Fürstenberg. In 1328 Erich Schenk von Schenkendorf sold the village of Breslack and in 1356 the village of Rießen to the Neuzelle monastery. In 1382 an Erich Schenk was a master in Schenkendorf and Drebkau . At that time, Groß Gastrose already seems to have belonged to the Schenkendorf rulership. Later they sold the rule Schenkendorf and Drebkau and in return acquired the rule Teupitz , which much later was also called Schenkenländchen after them.

In the 15th century, the new lords of Schenkendorf were the lords of Wesenburg, who probably came from Wiesenburg / Mark near Bad Belzig . Presumably in the 1430s, Bartusch and Bogusch von Wesenburg came into the possession of Schenkendorf and Lieberose . Bartusch von Wesenburg, who appears as Lord of Schenkendorf and Bobersberg in 1457, probably died before 1459. In the 1440s three brothers Hans, Friedhelm and Boto appear, a little later only Hans and Friedhelm and 1459 to 1461 Friedhelm alone in the documents. In 1464 five brothers Hans, Friedhelm, Boto, Bogusch and Friedrich appear in the documents, later only three Friedhelm, Bogusch and Friedrich (Fritsche), who each hold a third of Schenkendorf. Friedhelm was apparently a robber baron ( diep und rauber ); King Matthias then withdrew his third of Schenkendorf from him in 1479 and enfeoffed his captain in Lower Silesia and governor of the two Lausitzes Georg von Stein . Bogusch von Wesenburg sold his third of the castle on August 16, 1479 for 800 guilders to the city of Guben. However, it was still prescribed to his wife as a personal asset. On October 20, 1479, he sold his third of the rule for 1550 guilders to the city of Guben. In 1480 Friedrich, who held the last third, pledged the villages of Klein Gastrose and Taubendorf to the town of Guben. Friedhelm had been rehabilitated and apparently inherited his third after Friedrich's death. On October 9, 1482 Friedhelm sold the last third to Schenkendorf. But he kept the village of Grießen until full payment was made. On March 19, 1482, the town of Guben had already acquired the Stein third for 1400 guilders, so that the town of Guben was now fully owned by the rulership. The city of Guben had borrowed 5,200 guilders from the captain of Cottbus for the acquisition of the Schenkendorf rulership.

The town of Guben soon sold the rule to Nickel von Köckritz, who in 1484 had sold his ancestral castle and the rule of Wehlen . By acquiring the dominions of Friedland (around 1484), Lieberose (1485) and Lübbenau (1494), he rose to become the largest landowner in Niederlausitz. Nickel von Köckritz died in 1499 and in the same year his seven sons were enfeoffed with extensive paternal goods. The brothers could not get the property. In 1503 they sold the Lübbenau estate for 9,000 guilders to Werner von der Schulenburg. They sold the Schenkendorf rule in 1512 for 12,000 guilders to the then Commander of the Brandenburg Ballei of the Order of St. John, Georg von Schlabrendorf . In 1512, Atterwasch, Buderose, Groß Gastrose, Klein Gastrose, Grießen, Sadersdorf, Schenkendorf, Schlagsdorf and Taubendorf belonged to the Schenkendorf rulership. In 1523 the rule was converted into an office of the order. In 1665 Kerkwitz and the Schenkendöbern fiefdom were acquired.

Associated places

Around 1800 the order office comprised 10 villages.

  • Atterwasch (part of the municipality of Schenkendöbern). In this place only one part belonged to the order office, the other part belonged to the city of Guben.
  • Buderose ( Budoradz , district of Gmina Gubin).
  • Grießen (district of Jänschwalde)
  • Groß Gastrose (part of the community Schenkendöbern)
  • Kerkwitz (part of the community Schenkendöbern)
  • Klein Gastrose (inhabited part of the municipality in the Groß Gastrose district of the municipality of Schenkendöbern)
  • Sadersdorf ( Sadzarzewice , district of Gmina Gubin)
  • Gift shop
  • Castle and village of Schenkendorf ( Sękowice , district of Gmina Gubin)
  • Schlagsdorf (district of the city of Guben)
  • Taubendorf (part of the community Schenkendöbern)

In 1809 the services of the subjects were converted into cash payments and partly replaced. The outworks were leased. After the repeal of the Order of St. John in Brandenburg (Ballei Brandenburg) in 1811, the order office of Schenkendorf was also withdrawn and became a royal Saxon office. With the transition of Lower Lusatia it became a royal Prussian rent office. In 1820 the office building was sold. In 1820/2 the Guben Salt Office , at that time already the Rent Office , were merged with the Rent Office Schenkendorf to form the Rent Office Guben-Schenkendorf. With the new provincial constitution of the province of Brandenburg of 1823, the former office of the order became a civil status; The nobleman was the Prussian king. But he let the provincial landscape rest. In 1872/4 the combined Guben-Schenkendorf Rent Office was dissolved.

Officials

The officials of the order office Schenkendorf are so far only incompletely determined:

  • 1523: Michael Kremer
  • 1539: Christoph von Arensdorf
  • 1540:? Friedrich von Hohendorf
  • 1565: Georg von Wiedebach, captain of the order
  • around 1700 Hans Caspar von Klitzing, captain of the order
  • 1818: Jänichen, bailiff
  • 1821: Jänichen, judicial and rent clerk
  • 1824: Jänichen, rent clerk and councilor
  • 1832: Joh. Jenichen
  • 1836: Joh. Jenichen
  • 1839: Kassner (ad. Int.)
  • 1841: Kassner (ad. Int.)
  • 1843: Reinitz (ad. Int.)
  • 1845: Reinitz
  • 1848: Reinitz
  • 1861: Reinitz
  • 1868: Reinitz

supporting documents

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/1816. Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (= overview of the holdings of the Brandenburg State Main Archives Potsdam , Part 1. Series of publications: Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives , Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 (p. 503)
  • Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Verlag Klaus Gumnior, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 .
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2. Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855. Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Rudolf Lehmann: The gentlemen in Lower Lusatia. Studies of origin and history. Böhlau, Cologne 1966 (= Central German Research , Volume 40), snippets from Google Books
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 2, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 2 with corresponding page number). (P. 254/255)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the Johanniter Ordensamt Schenkendorf see Christian Gahlbeck, Ralf Fee, Dirk Schumann: Sonnenburg (Słońsk). Johanniter Order Castle. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann , Klaus Neitmann , Winfried Schich u. a. (Ed.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century . (= Brandenburg historical studies, Volume 14). Volume 2. Be.bra-Wissenschaft-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0 . Pp. 1148–1175, here p. 1155
  2. ↑ cf. Johanniter Ordensämter Friedland and Schenkendorf (map). In: Christian Gahlbeck, Ralf Fee, Dirk Schumann: Sonnenburg (Słońsk). Johaniter Order Castle. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann , Klaus Neitmann , Winfried Schich u. a. (Ed.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century . (= Brandenburg historical studies, Volume 14). Volume 2. Be.bra-Wissenschaft-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0 . Pp. 1148–1175, here p. 1172
  3. ↑ Heinrich Kaak: Corporate manor and agricultural innovations in Prussia - the Order of St. John on his New Marks offices 1750-1811. BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl., Berlin 2012 (p. 126).
  4. ↑ a b c Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 545.
  5. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 544.
  6. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Houwald: The Niederlausitzer manors and their owners Volume VI: District of Guben. 448 p., Verlag Degener & Co., owner Manfred Dreiss, Neustadt an der Aisch, 1999 ISBN 3 7686 4199 6 (p. 377)
  7. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitzer manors and their owners. Volume VII Kottbus District. 278 S., Neustadt an der Aisch 2001, Verlag Degener & Co. ISBN 3-7686-4206-2 (p. 51)
  8. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1818. 459 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1818 (p. 199)
  9. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1821. 518 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1821 (p. 226)
  10. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1824. 498 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1824 (p. 182)
  11. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1832. 538 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1832 (p. 194)
  12. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1836. 658 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1836 (p. 266)
  13. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1839. 651 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1839 (p. 273)
  14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1841. 695 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1841 (p. 294)
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1843. 734 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1843 (p. 312)
  16. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1845. 803 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1845 (p. 10)
  17. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1848. 869 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1848 (p. 327)
  18. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1861. 840 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1861 (p. 400)
  19. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1868. 963 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1868 (p. 416)

annotation

  1. ^ The scientific literature such as Brandenburgisches Klosterbuch 2, 2007, p. 1172; Beck et al. also cite Buderose, but the historical local dictionary always refers to it as a noble village.

Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 33 "  N , 14 ° 42 ′ 25"  E