Horst Linienbach

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Horst Klassenbach, called Tattoo Samy 1979.

Horst Klassenbach (born August 5, 1925 in Weißwasser / Oberlausitz as Helmut Horst Linienbach; † June 27, 2001 in Frankfurt am Main ), known as "Tattoo Samy", was a German tattoo artist and piercer . “Samy” Klassenbach is considered to be important for the development of tattooing in Germany. The use of autoclaves in Germany for tattooing originated from him; He was the first tattoo artist to work in the medical field as early as 1976 and to carry out a nipple reconstruction after a breast cancer operation . The process was known as the "Straßenbach technique" in the med. Literature taken over. He is also considered the "father of German intimate jewelry". The barbell piercing jewelry goes back to him. Straßenbach was "the first tattoo artist whose work was used in the fine arts".

Life

Horst “Samy” Klassenbach was born on August 5th, 1925 in the then Prussian Weißwasser / Oberlausitz as the son of the stone worker Gustav Wilhelm Oskar Linienbach and the factory worker Frida Lisbeth Schmidt. The parents' marriage took place on April 5, 1926 in the Häslicht registry office. When he was a child, he had his first tattoo tattooed on his arm when he was ten years old and began tattooing himself at the age of 14. He learned the trade of motor vehicle mechanic in Häslicht and was drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1943. After deploying on various fronts, Straßenbach was deployed in Italy. He was wounded a total of five times and most recently lost sight for 65 days from a stun grenade. In May 1944 he was captured by the United States on the Western Front. He regained his eyesight through an operation in a military hospital in Naples and was transported to the USA via North Africa. There he went through various prisoner-of-war camps; most recently in Burbank California. During this time he met young Lyle Tuttle , a friendship that would last until his death. In 1946 he was taken prisoner of war in England and taken to a camp in Scotland. At the beginning of 1948 he was released and met Les Skuse (1912–1973), who made routesbach more familiar with tattooing. At the end of 1948 he returned to Germany. As of 1948, Bahnhofstrasse 33 in Ehringshausen in the Lahn-Dill district is known as the first residential address . Until May 1949 he worked there as a locksmith. On August 28, 1959, Straßenbach married the waitress Ella Fuchs (born February 7, 1910 in Oelnitz / Erzgeb .; died September 1983). On November 4, 1959, he wrote a letter to Christian Warlich , in which he applied to take over Warlich's restaurant with a tattoo parlor. No result is known. At that time, Straßenbach was based in the Aschaffenburg district . He then moved to Betgasse 14 in Aschaffenburg, where he ran a tattoo business, which he canceled on October 15, 1964. On the same day, he and his wife Ella reported in Frankfurt / Main at Kurt Schuhmacherstr. 2 a business with the same purpose. In this “studio for modern skin and body jewelery”, Straßenbach worked until 1990. Streetsbach lived in his apartment, which was located directly above the studio, until his death in 2001.

Career as a tattoo artist

Horst Straßenbach, called Tattoo Samy , in his studio in Frankfurt am Main, 1979.

Like many tattoo artists in the mid-twentieth century, he began simple hand stitching without any further equipment. After the Second World War, Samy Linienbach was one of the few known practicing tattoo artists in Hamburg, along with Christian Warlich and Karl Finke .

“Samy achieved his special reputation”, according to the writer Marcel Feige, “because he did everything differently from the others.” His style was initially characterized by traditional maritime motifs. For several years, Straßenbach was the only German tattoo artist who also tattooed abroad. Straßenbach was "two-time world champion in his field".

Straßenbach the "technician"

Straßenbach built his tattoo machines himself until the end. They differed from the current models that Samuel O'Reilly had patented, for example in the type of drive. Thus, Straßenbach relied on rotation (driven by an electric motor, which converts the rotary motion into a lifting motion by means of an eccentric ) instead of magnetic coils (which directly generate a lifting motion using the Wagner hammer principle , similar to a doorbell ).

The trained motor vehicle fitter Linienbach relied on a tattoo machine with a rotating drive right from the start. Manfred Kohrs , who had learned to tattoo at Meilenbach, further developed the "original machine" until the final version in 1978. Even the accessories for the machines and other equipment for his studio was made in his workshop, which was attached to the studio.

Association work

Horst Klassenbach (right) at the Tattoo Convention in Blackpool , 1979 (left David Allen Yurkew)

In 1977 he forced an invitation from his mentee Manfred Kohrs, who had invited all tattooists registered in Germany to an information meeting in Hanover . The purpose of this meeting was to found a national association in order to subsequently introduce technical and hygienic standards. Straßenbach was also heavily involved in international associations; he visited the USA alone 38 times. He was always accompanied by his wife, who also took on administrative tasks. He was initially involved in the National Tattoo Club of the World and the European Tattoo Artist Association (ETAA).

The first "Convention" of the National Tattoo Club of the World was held from January 24-25, 1976 in Houston, Texas. Routebach and Kohrs were the only Germans to have come to this event. The next convention was held March 23-25, 1979 at the Cosmopolitan Hotel in Denver, Colorado. After various lectures by Terry Wrigley , Peter Tat 2 Poulos, Diane Poulos, Don Ed Hardy , Bob Shaw, Big Walt Kilkucki, Painless Jeff Baker, David Yurkew and Arnold Rubin & Jan Stussy, Straßenbach presented a show with tattooed people.

Straßenbach and the President of ETAA, Terry Wrigley, organized what is probably the second Tattoo Convention in Germany from October 17-19, 1980 in Frankfurt am Main .

Piercing

Barbell with external thread

Stretch brook was the only known piercer to have genital piercings as early as 1953 . On one of his early trips to the United States, he met Jim Ward in 1975 , who had been experimenting with piercings since 1967 . Due to his training as a mechanic, Straßenbach had not only constructed his own tattoo machines, but also made body jewelry from a metal pin and balls with threads. Inspired by this, Ward worked on the further development of the standard piercing jewelry known today as the barbell . Ward's partner Doug Malloy made the first documented tongue piercing in 1976; the 'Barbell NO.1' made by Kohrs. Reports about it appeared in Piercing Fans International Quarterly magazine in 1983 .

art

On July 2, 1970, the artist Valie Export had a garter tattoo by Fleckenbach at a public event in Frankfurt. "The own body is painfully and permanently marked with a garter belt - a fetish of male sexual fantasies - in order to expose the functionalization and social role of women as a sexual object and to reflect their social determination by men." The philosopher Simone de Beauvoir put it: "You are not born a woman, you are made into it."

In 1971, at the 4th experimenta in Frankfurt , Straßenbach met Timm Ulrichs , who was the “first living work of art” to have the signature timm ulrichs 1940 - ... tattooed. For his portfolio of international standard motifs from sample and template books by tattoo artists , 1974, Timm Ulrichs also took over motifs from Straßenbach. As part of the exhibition "Timm Ulrichs: Tattoo Pictures" (January 12th - March 9th 1975) at the Kunstverein Hannover , a tattooing campaign took place on January 26th 1975, during which Straßenbach tattooed his future student Manfred Kohrs in front of the camera. On January 28, 1975, the NDR reported in the program Nordschau-Magazin about the “Happening at the Kunstverein Hannover. 'Sammy' from Frankfurt on his art and tattooing ”.

On his right eyelid, Ulrichs had the words “The End” tattooed on his right eyelid in 1981 - the final credits for the ultimate film. Also for this work in 1997 was a photo as an inkjet print on canvas 150 × 150 cm in an edition of 25 numbered and signed copies as well as the video film THE END: color, silent, 6 min. 8 sec., In 3 parts: visual text , 1966, anthology made up of 60 »end« shots and closing shots from classic feature films and tattooing campaigns .

Last years

At the beginning of the 1970s, Straßenbach was recognized and classified as an artist by the tax office ; accordingly, he only had to pay a reduced sales tax rate. At the end of the 1980s, however, this favorable status was retroactively withdrawn from him, and Linienbach was supposed to pay taxes of over 100,000 marks . His tattoo studio in Frankfurt then had to declare bankruptcy. At the Frankfurt Convention in May 2000, some friends, including Lyle Tuttle and Herry Nentwig , initiated a fundraising campaign. Eleven months later, Horst Linienbach died at the age of 75.

Reception - research

Special exhibition Christian Warlich on St. Pauli in the MHG 2019

"Linienbach is one of the tattoo artists without whom the history of tattoos in Germany would be inconceivable."

- Marcel Feige

“Samy Linienbach was a true pioneer in the tattoo and piercing scene; you can almost call him an avant-garde. "

- Manfred Kohrs

After Fahrtbach's death, Herry Nentwig saved parts of his estate from destruction and kept the objects in the cellar for years. In 2018 Manfred Kohrs took over this estate and evaluates it scientifically together with Ole Wittmann at the Institute for German Tattoo History . Selected objects were shown as part of the special exhibition Tattoo Legends. Christian Warlich on St. Pauli (2019/20) in the Museum of Hamburg History .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ registrar of the district town Weißwasser / OL, Unit Social and order, civil registry, Market Square, 02943 / OL
  2. ↑ Marcel Feige: Piercing Intimate . Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, 2004, ISBN 3-89602-446-9 .
  3. ↑ Obstetrics and women's health dogs. Volume 36, Issue 1, 1976, p. 13. (books.google.de)
  4. ↑ Museum of Hamburg History , special exhibition 2019/2020, Department Straßenbach | Kohrs | Ulrichs.
  5. ↑ Population register for the city and district of Schweidnitz with all municipalities including the cities of Striegau and Freiburg i. Schl. 1942
  6. ↑ Häslicht registry office, No. 4/1926.
  7. ↑ Marcel Feige : The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. ISBN 3-89602-209-1 , p. 283.
  8. ^ Manfred Kohrs: Horst H. Linienbach the forgotten pioneer. In: Tattoo Kulture Magazine Issue No.32 of April 12, 2019, pp. 28-40.
  9. ↑ Tattoo Kulture Magazin: Interview by Manfred Kohrs with Lyle Tuttle 25. / 26. October 2018
  10. ↑ Magazine of the National Tattoo Club of the World, November-December 1979 issue, pp. 6-14: Featured Artist of the Month - TATTOO SAMY
  11. ↑ Class 2 driving license, issued by the District Administrator in Wetzlar on June 25, 1948.
  12. ^ Certificate from the Wetzlar employment office dated June 8, 1949
  13. ↑ Registry office Ehringhausen No. 55/1959
  14. ^ Original letter from the William Robinson Collection, in the exhibition Tattoo Legends. Christian Warlich on St. Pauli in the Museum of Hamburg History .
  15. ^ Address on the Warlich envelope: Sommerau No. 33 1/3 via Aschaffenburg Ufr.
  16. ↑ Deregistration from the Aschaffenburg trade office, no., October 15, 1964
  17. ↑ business registration of Rechneiamtes Frankfurt AZ: III / 34/343 595929/60.
  18. ↑ Marcel Feige: The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. P. 282.
  19. ↑ Matthias Friedrich: Tattoos in Germany: a cultural-sociological investigation. P. 51. (books.google.de)
  20. ↑ GS: Flowers adorn the woman's neck. In: Frankfurter Rundschau . October 30, 1976.
  21. ↑ Marcel Feige : The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. P. 282.
  22. ^ Samuel M. Steward : Bad Boys and Tough Tattoos. Routledge, London / New York, ISBN 0-918393-76-0 , p. 190.
  23. ↑ M. Carstens: Tattooing - a special art / Manfred Kohrs. In: HAZ . Ost, p. 2, April 23, 1981.
  24. ↑ Oliver Paaß: Needle in, needle out. In: Tattoo Kulture Magazine . No. 29, January 20, 2019, p. 79.
  25. ↑ Marcel Feige : The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. P. 282.
  26. ↑ Sabrina Ungemach: OLD LOVE DOESN'T RUST - Manfred Kohrs. In: Tattoo Kulture Magazine . No. 22, 29 August 2017.
  27. ↑ The National Tattoo Club of the World was renamed in 1984 by membership resolution in National Tattoo Association, NTA ( Memento from September 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
  28. ↑ Mississippi Gulf Coast's Observer. Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2012, p. 36.
  29. ↑ Terry's Tattoo Studio (English); Terry Wrigley (1932-1999). In: Tattoo Archive. Retrieved November 11, 2018 .
  30. ↑ Bob Shaw (1926-1993). In: Tattoo Archive. Retrieved November 11, 2018 .
  31. ↑ National Tattoo Association - Full History ( Memento from September 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (English), Paragraph 11: After the speakers were finished Tattoo Samy of Frankfurt Germany did a slide presentation of Tattooed People.
  32. ↑ Marcel Feige : The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. ISBN 3-89602-209-1 , p. 282 ff.
  33. ↑ Alana Abendroth: Bodymodification: Body modifications through the ages: tattoos, piercings, scarifications. UBOOKS 2009, ISBN 978-3-86608-600-5 .
  34. ^ Piercing Fans International Quarterly. No. 18 and No. 19, 1983.
  35. ↑ Phillipp Schaab: Interview with Manfred Kohrs How piercing became famous in Germany. In: TätowierMagazin Issue 07/20 (# 293), pp 81-81, from 19 June 2020
  36. ↑ Thomas Trenkler: VALIE EXPORT: “I wanted out” . On April 14, 2015 on thomastrenkler.at (excerpt from I fell into a world - conversations about art and life . Brandstätter Verlag, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-85033-607-9 )
  37. ↑ Samy tattooed seven skins. In: HAZ . January 27, 1975.
  38. ^ Museum for Art and Commerce Hamburg, booklet for the exhibition Tattoo vo. February 13 to September 6, 2015, No. 31 (PDF) Retrieved June 6, 2015 .
  39. ^ Sprengel Museum Hannover (ed.): Timm Ulrichs Die Druckgrafik. 2003, ISBN 3-89169-183-1 , p. 154.
  40. ↑ Full information of the NDR - production number 0007750128, NDR HH media accompanying card 12.12.2008 St. (1, 2)
  41. ↑ Michael Kohler: Tattoo Art in Germany The great freedom on the skin. In: Goethe Institute. December 2016, accessed July 28, 2018 .
  42. ↑ sueddeutsche.de: THE END, eyelid tattoo, 1970/16. May 1981
  43. ↑ Christina Sticht, Timm Ulrichs: Pioneer of Conceptual Art. nw-news.de, March 31, 2010.
  44. ↑ Dieter Fietzke, Hubertus Müll, 1990/97 Photo: Foto-Hoerner, Hanover © VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2010.
  45. ↑ Marcel Feige : The Tattoo and Piercing Lexicon. P. 282.
  46. ^ Horst H. Linienbach the forgotten pioneer. In: Tattoo Kulture Magazine Issue No.32 of April 12, 2019, pp. 28-40.
  47. ↑ Tattoo Kulture Magazine from July 15, 2019: Issue No.33: Manfred Kohrs: Herry Nentwig, Guardian of the Lost Treasure.
  48. ^ Foundation Historical Museums Hamburg: Tattoo Legends. Christian Warlich on St. Pauli. In: Ruhr University Bochum word mark. April 11, 2018. Retrieved July 29, 2019 .
  49. ^ Verlag Das Wunderhorn : Tattoo & Religion · Verlag Das Wunderhorn. Retrieved February 8, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Straßenbach, Horst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tattoo Samy
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German tattoo artist and piercer
DATE OF BIRTH August 5, 1925
PLACE OF BIRTH Weißwasser / Upper Lusatia
DATE OF DEATH June 27, 2001
Place of death Frankfurt am Main