Hurricane Dolly (2008)

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Hurricane Dolly
Category 2 hurricane ( SSHWS )
Dolly just before reaching the country
Dolly just before reaching the country
Emergence July 20, 2008
resolution July 25, 2008
Peak wind
speed
100  mph (155  km / h ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 963  mbar ( hPa ; 28.5  inHg )
dead 1 direct, 21 indirect
Property damage US $ 1.35 billion (2008)
Affected
areas 		Guatemala , Yucatan , Northern Mexico , Southern Texas , New Mexico
Season overview:
2008 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Dolly was a tropical cyclone that hit the mainland in the far south of Texas . Dolly was the fourth tropical cyclone and the second hurricane of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season . Dolly evolved from a tropical disorder that combined with a strong tropical wave on July 20th . The system was named Dolly as soon as it was formed because the low pressure area was already experiencing wind speeds as strong as a tropical storm before it developed tropical properties. Dolly is the earliest fourth named tropical cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean since the record breaking Atlantic hurricane season in 2005 .

The center of Dolly, still a tropical storm at the time, reached Cancun on the morning of July 21, across the mainland of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula . The wind and heavy rains from Dolly caused the loss of 17 lives in Guatemala and one person in the Yucatán. The storm hit the western Gulf of Mexico , where it intensified into a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale . It migrated westward and fell on land as a weak Category 2 hurricane on July 23 on South Padre Island , Texas with winds of 160 km / h. Dolly was the most intense hurricane in the United States since Hurricane Wilma during the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. The hurricane caused blackouts for 212,000 households in Texas and 125,000 in Tamaulipas ; the amount of precipitation added up to more than 410 mm in individual areas. High surf and treacherous currents occurred along the entire Gulf Coast, causing a person to drown on the shoreline of the Florida Panhandle . In Texas, the storm did not claim human lives, but caused property damage estimated at more than $ 1.2 billion. The effects of the residual lows killed two people in New Mexico.

Storm course

Train ticket

A weather disturbance formed on July 13 about 2,600 kilometers east of the southern Leeward Islands associated with a strong tropical wave. In the third week of July, the wave migrated westward across the Caribbean Sea . Despite strong convection and persistent winds the strength of a tropical storm, the system failed to develop a low-level circulation until July 20 . A reconnaissance flight established a circulation on this and the system was classified as a tropical cyclone by the National Hurricane Center (NHC). The data showed that the sustained wind speeds exceeded the mark of 63 km / h and thus exceeded the threshold of a tropical storm. The data transmitted by measuring buoys also indicated that this wind speed was exceeded at sea level, which is why the NHC directly declared the system to be a tropical cyclone, without it being previously classified as a tropical low pressure area, and gave it the name Dolly .

At this point Dolly was 435 km east of Chetumal and 365 km southeast of Cozumel ; The storm center was expected to cross the coastline during the day. At the time the storm approached the coast of Quintana Roo, there were around one hundred thousand tourists in the state, 45,000 of whom were in Cancun alone . The location of the impact of the storm on the mainland was forecast by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional for the section between Playa del Carmen and Tulum . However, as the storm neared the Quintana Roo coast, it lost its organization and surface circulation disappeared. When the storm center was just offshore, the system began to rebuild and a new circulation center formed in the area with high convection in the northern storm sector. As a result, the storm shifted a short distance parallel to the coast, shifting the point of contact with the mainland to an area north of Cancún. This northward shift also meant that most of the storm remained afloat, reducing its impact on the Yucatán Peninsula.

After reaching the Gulf of Mexico, the conditions for the hurricane to intensify became more favorable because the wind shear was lower and the surface water temperature was higher. Dolly began a steady intensification on July 21st and reached Category 1 hurricane status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale by the afternoon of July 22nd . At the time, the storm was approximately 160 miles east-southeast of Brownsville , Texas. The hurricane continued to intensify that evening. On the morning of July 23 at around 10:00 a.m., Dolly reached the greatest intensity east of the valley of the Rio Grande with wind speeds of 160 km / h and a minimum central air pressure of 964 hPa (mbar), which the storm also experienced when crossing the coastline South Padre Island had. Hurricane Dolly then moved west-northwest across Laguna Madre to the mainland near the county line between Cameron and Willacy Counties. South Padre Island, Port Isabel, Laguna Vista, Bayview, Brownsville, San Benito, Rio Hondo, Arroyo City and especially Harlingen were affected by strong winds and floods. Hurricane Dolly then devastated the river delta on the north side of Texas State Route 107 . The cities of Santa Rosa, La Villa, Edcouch, Elsa, Monte Alto and San Carlos were badly hit by the slow advancing wet hurricane that dumped 250–500 mm of precipitation. Dolly weakened to a tropical storm after crossing US Highway 281 west of San Manuel and Linn in the evening and later slowly moved to Mexico as a tropical depression. Dolly weakened to a residual low over northern Mexico on July 25th. This then returns to Texas and crossed the metropolitan area of Ciudad Juarez , Mexico / El Paso , Texas on the morning of July 26th and then turned north through New Mexico . The residual lows began to dissipate on July 27 about one hundred kilometers west-northwest of Dalhart , Texas.

Preparations

Yucatan

Dolly shortly after the naming

On July 20, the Mexican government issued a warning of a tropical storm for the Yucatán peninsula between Campeche and the international border with Belize . The Belize government followed this step a few hours later for the rest of the stretch to Belize City .

That same morning, the Quintana Roo civil protection agency in Chetumal set off a "blue alert" for the state, which was upgraded to an "orange alert" in the afternoon and a "red alert" in the evening. The ferry service from Cozumel to the mainland has been suspended and local authorities have asked residents to stay in their homes. The state government ordered the evacuation of 1,000 residents from the islands at Banco Chinchorro and Punta Allen . Evacuations also took place in Tulum . Isla Holbox was later evacuated as well, bringing the total number of evacuees to 2000. In Solidaridad , 238 residents were placed in emergency shelters until the storm passed. The government of Yucatán initially triggered a blue alarm and an orange one when it approached.

Western Gulf of Mexico

Hurricane Dolly on reaching the coast

The National Hurricane Center and the Mexican government issued a hurricane warning for the coast between the Río San Fernando in Tamaulipas and Port O'Connor in Texas on July 21 . An advance warning of a tropical storm was triggered for the Texan coast between Port O'Connor and the San Luis Pass and for the Mexican coast between the Río San Fernando and La Pesca in Tamaulipas. At 22:00 CDT (03:00 UTC on July 22) the pre-warnings were increased to warnings. The Mexican government also issued a hurricane warning for the area between the Río San Fernando and La Pesca.

On July 20 and 21, Royal Dutch Shell evacuated a total of 185 employees from endangered oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico . Diamond Offshore Drilling removed redundant staff from its facilities and the Rowan Companies evacuated one of their eight platforms in the Gulf. On July 22, BP announced the evacuation of unnecessary personnel on two oil rigs, and on July 23, Petróleos Mexicanos withdrew 66 people from one of its platforms. Despite these measures, Dolly was not expected to have any impact on oil production.

In Texas, Governor Rick Perry activated 1200 members of the Texas military units and other emergency personnel. Perry also ordered 250 buses to be made available in San Antonio so that they could be used if evacuations were necessary. Perry declared 14 counties a disaster area on July 22nd. The county government of Cameron County requested the residents of the Rio Grande to evacuate because a break of the levees along the river was believed possible. The management of the Port of Brownsville decided to close the port on July 23-25. The United States Navy moved 104 aircraft from Truax Field to bases further inland, and immigration authorities evacuated a deportation detention facility in Port Isabel .

On July 21, the state of Veracruz put 166 communities on alert, expecting the storm to exacerbate pre-existing floods. In Tamaulipas the authorities raised the alarm and prepared emergency shelters for the communities of Soto la Marina , San Fernando , Matamoros , Valle Hermoso , Río Bravo and Reynosa . A day later, the evacuation of 23,000 people in Matamoros, Soto la Marina and San Fernando was planned, but only 13,000 people followed this request. 15 shelters — with a capacity to hold 4,500 people — were activated in Reynosa. On the night of July 22nd, the Mexican federal government, through the Secretaría de Gobernación (SEGOB), declared a state of emergency for 17 municipalities and thus enabled the allocation of federal aid. SEGOB also ordered 600  Mexican Army soldiers and 350 Marines to be sent to Tamaulipas; this number later increased to 4,800 members of the military and police. Further inland, in the state of Nuevo León , the government began preparing emergency shelters and the government of Coahuila also issued a disaster alert. On July 23, the authorities in Coahuila issued an orange alarm because Dolly's remaining depth posed a risk of flooding. 2000 soldiers and police officers were put on standby.

Effects

US Coast Guard video footage from south Texas

Yucatán Peninsula

In Guatemala, the rain caused landslides that killed at least 17 people, including twelve in a family near La Unión in Zacapa and four in another family in San Pedro Soloma , Huehuetenango . Another person drowned while trying to cross a flooded river. Previously, Dolly caused heavy rainfall in western Cuba , mainly in the areas and provinces of Isla de la Juventud , Pinar del Río and Havana . In Mexico, no personal injuries from the storm were reported from the state of Quintana Roo , and the damage in Cancun was not large. However, the city reported extensive beach erosion . Four fishermen were reported missing after Dolly's passage and one of them was later found dead on a beach near Puerto Progreso .

Western Gulf of Mexico

The storm contributed to a roughly $ 2 increase in the price of crude oil futures on the New York Mercantile Exchange on July 21, but the price fell again after Dolly missed most of the oil platforms in the Gulf.

United States

Cumulative rainfall through dolly (specified in inches )

The President of the United States George W. Bush declared 15 counties in Texas a disaster area. Hurricane Dolly is believed to be the most destructive hurricane to hit the Rio Grande Valley in over four decades; the last such storm was Beulah in 1967 , but Beulah caused more personal injuries. The storm killed no one in the United States, but one boy was injured when the wind blew him off a balcony on the seventh floor of a tower block on South Padre Island . Two tornadoes were recorded in San Patricio County , well north of where the hurricane's eye crossed the shoreline. One of them uprooted trees and covered roofs. Overall, the storm interrupted the power supply for around 155,000 customers in southern Texas. 14 counties in south Texas were declared a disaster area by the governor. The initial estimates of the damage by the insurance companies are around 600 million US dollars (2008). With many uninsured, the total damage is estimated at $ 1.2 billion, with a total loss expected for much of the agricultural production and cotton harvest in the Rio Grande Valley. After Dolly weakened to a tropical storm, it triggered another tornado near Poth on the morning of July 24, causing minor damage. Towards the middle, an EF0 tornado landed in San Antonio near the intersection of Interstate 10 and Interstate 37 . Significant damage was reported in the area; The roofs of several commercial properties were covered and around 1,500 households were without electricity. On July 26, El Paso suffered flash floods from Dolly's residual depth, and one person was killed in a storm-related traffic accident in New Mexico . Further flash floods and flooding occurred on July 27 on the Ruidoso River in the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico after more than 150 mm of rainfall fell. Hundreds of tourists, campers and residents had to be brought to safety. These floods killed one person and damaged around 500 structures, causing damage of US $ 15-20 million.

Flooding in southern Texas. Footage from a United States Coast Guard aircraft

Associated with the storm were also long-range effects such as high waves and strong currents that stretched across the Gulf of Mexico. One person drowned and at least nine others had to be rescued in Panama City Beach , Florida . The foothills and residual depth of the hurricane also affected Illinois , Indiana , Tennessee, and some sections of southern Missouri , where the bad weather caused property damage.

Mexico

In Matamoros , Tamaulipas , ripped power lines fell into the flood water, killing a man. Nineteen localities in Mexico were cut off from the electricity supply; on the night after July 24, 125,000 consumers had no electricity. 111  colonias were flooded, about fifty of them heavily. The storm toppled trees, billboards, and traffic signs. The remaining low brought heavy rains to the region around Ciudad Juárez in Chihuahua , the consequences of which were landslides and floods as well as the collapse of a church. Several villages had to be evacuated. The damage in Mexico is estimated at around $ 300 million.

Weather records

Hurricane Dolly was the third largest hurricane to hit the United States since records began in July; only one storm was stronger in the Atlantic hurricane season 1916 and hurricane Dennis in 2005. Dolly is the second largest hurricane after Dennis of all tropical cyclones that ever reached the United States in July.

See also

 Wikinews: Tropical Storm Dolly kills seventeen in Guatemala (English)  - Message

Individual evidence

  1. ^ National Hurricane Center , Hurricane Research Division: Atlantic hurricane best track ("HURDAT") ( English ) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . February 17, 2006. Retrieved August 21, 2008.
  2. ^ Tropical storm Dolly kills 12 in Guatemala (English) , Radio Netherlands Worldwide . July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 27, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  3. ↑ a b Waldemar Madrid: Lluvias causan al menos 17 muertes (Spanish) , Siglo XXI . July 22, 2008. Archived from the original on July 30, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  4. ^ National Weather Service Forecast Office, Brownsville, Texas . Dolly Rainfall Estimate Map. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
  5. ^ Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Dolly Special Discussion Number 1 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  6. ^ Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Dolly Special Advisory Number 1 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  7. ↑ a b Desalojo en la zona costera (Spanish) , Diario de Yucatán. July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 29, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  8. ↑ a b c d e La tormenta Dolly , frente a las costas yucatecas (Spanish) , Diario de Yucatán. July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 31, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  9. ↑ Itzel López Ortiz: Aviso de Ciclón Tropical: Océano Atlántico, Aviso No. 3 ( Spanish ) Servicio Meteorológico Nacional . July 20, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. ( WebCite ).
  10. ↑ a b James Franklin: Tropical Storm Dolly Discussion Number 3 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  11. ^ Richard Pasch: Tropical Storm Dolly Discussion Number 4 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  12. ↑ Se restablece la normalidad en Quintana Roo (Spanish) , Diario de Yucatán. July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 31, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  13. ^ Lixion Avila: Hurricane Dolly Advisory Number 10 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  14. ^ Lixion Avila: Hurricane Dolly Position Estimate, 1 pm CDT ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  15. ^ Lixion Avila: Hurricane Dolly Discussion Number 14 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  16. ^ Lixion Avila: Hurricane Dolly Intermediate Advisory Number 13B ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  17. ↑ cieldumort: Dolly's Remnant Low Holds Together: Causing West Texas / Desert SW Flooding ( English ) Central Florida Hurricane Center 2008. 27 July 2008. Accessed on 22 August, 2008.
  18. ↑ Collins: Public Advisory 31 for Remnants of DOLLY ( English ) Hydrometeorological Prediction Center . July 27, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  19. ^ Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Dolly Intermediate Advisory Number 1A ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  20. ↑ Nueva tormenta tropical, Dolly , amenaza a la Península (Spanish) , Diario de Yucatán. July 20, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  21. ↑ a b Alerta naranja en Quintana Roo por Dolly : mañana estará a 15 km al noreste de Mérida (Spanish) , Diario de Yucatan. July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  22. ↑ a b c Jose Cortazar: Tropical storm Dolly heads for Yucatan (English) , Reuters . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  23. ↑ Notimex : Alerta en Cancún por tormenta Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 20, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  24. ^ Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Dolly Advisory Number 5 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  25. ↑ James Franklin: Tropical Storm Dolly Advisory No. 7 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  26. ↑ a b Demian McLean: Tropical Storm Dolly Prompts Hurricane Watches in Texas, Mexico (English) , Bloomberg . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  27. ↑ Joe Carroll: BP Evacuates Two Rigs in Gulf of Mexico as Dolly Approaches (English) , Bloomberg . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  28. ↑ Evacua Pemex a 66 trabajadores por Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  29. ↑ Christopher Sherman: Texas, Mexico prepare for Tropical Storm Dolly (English) , Associated Press . July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008.  ( WebCite ).
  30. ^ A b Governor issues Dolly disaster declaration (English) , Associated Press . July 22, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.chron.com
  31. ↑ Officials: Levees may not hold up to Dolly (English) , The Brownsville Herald . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  32. ↑ Emma Perez-Trevino: Truck traffic at Port to shut down this afternoon (English) , The Brownsville Herald . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  33. ↑ Preven que hoy en Dolly impacte Veracruz como huracán (Spanish) , El Universal . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  34. ↑ a b Varillas, A. et al .: 'Dolly' intensifica su fuerza (Spanish) , El Universal . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  35. ↑ Roberto Aguilar Grimaldo: Declaran alerta máxima en Tamaulipas por Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  36. ↑ a b Se Dolly degrada a tormenta tropical (Spanish) , Associated Press . July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  37. ↑ Activan en Reynosa albergues por paso de Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  38. ↑ Declara SEGOB emergencia en 17 municipios de Tamaulipas por Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  39. ↑ Envían 600 soldados a Tamaulipas por huracán 'Dolly' (Spanish) , Noticieros Televisa . July 22, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  40. ↑ Decreta gobierno de Nuevo León alerta ante posible llegada de Dolly (Spanish) , Milenio . July 21, 2008. Archived from the original on August 3, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  41. ↑ Hilda Fernández Valverde: Declaran 'Alerta naranja' en Coahuila por Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . August 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  42. ↑ Centro de Pronósticos: Aviso de Ciclón Tropical No. 2 ( Spanish ) Instituto de Meteorología de la República de Cuba. July 20, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. ( WebCite ).
  43. ^ Jose Cortazar: Storm Dolly to become hurricane, expected to hit Texas (English) , Reuters . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  44. ^ Adriana Varillas: Tormenta 'Dolly' se llevó la arena de playas de Cancún (Spanish) , El Universal . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  45. ↑ Hallan muerto a pescador extraviado en Yucatán tras paso de Dolly (Spanish) , La Jornada . July 24, 2008. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  46. ↑ Brian Baskin: Storm Stirs Gains for Oil Prices (English) , The Wall Street Journal . July 21, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  47. ↑ Oil prices shrink as Dolly set to miss refineries (English) , Agence France-Presse . July 22, 2008. Archived from the original on August 4, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  48. ^ Office of the Press Secretary : Statement on Federal Disaster Assistance for Texas ( English ) The White House . July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  49. ↑ Joe Mitchell: Flooding feared along US-Mexico border from Dolly (English) , Reuters . July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  50. ^ Storm Prediction Center : Storm Prediction Center Reports - 07/23/08 ( English ) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  51. ↑ Stuart Collins: Hurricane Dolly loss estimated at $ 600 million (English) , Business Insurance. July 24, 2008. Archived from the original on August 3, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  52. ↑ a b Demian McLean: Dolly Makes landfall in Texas; Downgraded to Storm (Update3) (English) , Bloomberg . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  53. ^ Storm Prediction Center : Storm Prediction Center Reports - 07/24/08 ( English ) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
  54. ^ National Weather Service Confirms SA Damage Caused By Tornado (English) , WOAI . July 24, 2008. Accessed August 22, 2008.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.woai.com
  55. ↑ Hurricane Dolly remnants bring downpour to El Paso (English) , Associated Press . July 26, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  56. ↑ 300 evacuated from flooding in Ruidoso, NM, area (English) , Associated Press . July 27, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  57. ↑ Alicia Caldwell: Body found in debris from NM flash flooding (English) , Associated Press . July 28, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  58. ^ Rescue Workers Reach Last Stranded Victims (English) , KOAT-TV . July 30, 2008. Archived from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved on August 22, 2008. 
  59. ^ Beach Visitors Ignore Double Red Warning Flags , WJHG . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  60. ^ A b c Roberto Aguilar Grimaldo: Reportan un muerto por Dolly en Matamoros (Spanish) , El Universal . July 24, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  61. ↑ Julio M. Loya: Mantiene Tamaulipas alerta máxima ante paso de Dolly (Spanish) , El Universal . July 23, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 
  62. ↑ Juan de Dios Olivas / P. Sánchez: 'Es alto el peligro' (Spanish) , El Diario de Mexico Edicion Ciudad Juarez. July 27, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2008. 

Web links

Commons : Hurricane Dolly (2008)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files