Jessik Beschsatyr culture
Prehistoric cultures of Russia | |
Mesolithic | |
Kunda culture | 7400-6000 BC Chr. |
Neolithic | |
Bug Dniester culture | 6500-5000 BC Chr. |
Dnepr-Don culture | 5000-4000 BC Chr. |
Sredny Stog culture | 4500-3500 BC Chr. |
Ekaterininka culture | 4300-3700 BC Chr. |
Fatyanovo culture | around 2500 BC Chr. |
Copper Age | |
North Caspian culture | |
Spa culture | 5000-3000 BC Chr. |
Samara culture | around 5000 BC Chr. |
Chwalynsk culture | 5000-4500 BC Chr. |
Botai culture | 3700-3100 BC Chr. |
Yamnaya culture | 3600-2300 BC Chr. |
Afanassjewo culture | 3500-2500 BC Chr. |
Usatovo culture | 3300-3200 BC Chr. |
Glaskovo culture | 3200-2400 BC Chr. |
Bronze age | |
Poltavka culture | 2700-2100 BC Chr. |
Potapovka culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
Catacomb tomb culture | 2500-2000 BC Chr. |
Abashevo culture | 2500-1800 BC Chr. |
Sintashta culture | 2100-1800 BC Chr. |
Okunew culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
Samus culture | around 2000 BC Chr. |
Andronovo culture | 2000-1200 BC Chr. |
Susgun culture | around 1700 BC Chr. |
Srubna culture | 1600-1200 BC Chr. |
Colchis culture | 1700-600 BC Chr. |
Begasy Dandybai culture | around 1300 BC Chr. |
Karassuk culture | around 1200 BC Chr. |
Ust-mil culture | around 1200–500 BC Chr. |
Koban culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
Irmen culture | 1200-400 BC Chr. |
Late corporate culture | around 1000 BC Chr. |
Plate burial culture | around 1300–300 BC Chr. |
Aldy Bel culture | 900-700 BC Chr. |
Iron age | |
Baitowo culture | |
Tagar culture | 900-300 BC Chr. |
Nosilowo group | 900-600 BC Chr. |
Ananino culture | 800-300 BC Chr. |
Tasmola culture | 700-300 BC Chr. |
Gorokhovo culture | 600-200 BC Chr. |
Sagly bashi culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
Jessik Beschsatyr culture | 500-300 BC Chr. |
Pazyryk level | 500-300 BC Chr. |
Sargat culture | 500 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
Kulaika culture | 400 BC Chr. – 400 AD |
Tes level | 300 BC Chr. – 100 AD |
Shurmak culture | 200 BC Chr. – 200 AD |
Tashtyk culture | 100–600 AD |
Chernyakhov culture | AD 200–500 |
The Jessik Beschsatyr culture was around the 5th to 3rd century BC. Widespread in northwestern Tianshan and the Seven Streams in Central Asia. It is after Kurgangruppe of Esik (Issyk), 50 km east of Almaty named. From archeology it is with the method known from ancient sources Iranian people of Saken associated.
The bearers of the Jessik Beschsatyr culture were nomads on horseback , so all the finds come from graves. Like the other Central Asian equestrian nomad peoples, the dead of the Jessik-Beschsatyr culture were buried in kurgan, some of which reached enormous sizes. The graves buried in these large Kurganen are extremely richly furnished. The grave of the "Golden Man of Jessik" has a diameter of 60 meters. Under the Kurgan embankment there was a rectangular chamber made of larch beams, in which the deceased was buried stretched out on his back and wore gold armor in the cataphract style with a very high headgear, which is known from ancient Persian depictions of the pointed hat saks . Various vessels, weapons and golden goods in the Scythian-Sakan animal style are found as grave goods . In addition, a silver drinking bowl was found in the Kurgan with characters that have not been clearly deciphered to this day, which are also known from Bactria , the Issyk-Baktrien script . The enormous wealth of some graves indicates a strong social hierarchy typical of the equestrian nomad cultures.
The Jessik Beschsatyr culture was replaced by the Wusun culture .
literature
- KA Akischew: Kurgan Issyk: Iskusstvo sakow Kazakhstan. (Искусство саков Казахстана), Moscow 1978
- Hermann Parzinger : The early peoples of Eurasia. From the Neolithic to the Middle Ages. Historical Library of the Gerda Henkel Foundation, Volume 1. Beck, Munich 2006 ISBN 978-3-406-54961-8
- Ju. A. Sadneprowski: Rannije kotschewniki Semirechja i Tjan-Schanja. In: MG Moschkowa: Stepnaja polosa Asiatskoi tschasti SSSR w skifo-sarmatskoje wremja. Archeologija SSSR. Moscow 1992
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The dates in the table are taken from the individual articles and do not always have to be reliable. Cultures in areas of other former Soviet republics were included.