Karl von Goebel

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Karl Ritter von Goebel

Karl Immanuel Eberhard Goebel , Knight of Goebel since 1909 , (born March 8, 1855 in Billigheim , † October 9, 1932 in Munich ) was a German botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " KIGoebel ".

Life

Goebel was the son of a factory owner. Since he was supposed to be a pastor after the early death of his father, he attended the boys' institute in Korntal and the seminary in Blaubeuren . From 1873 he studied theology and philosophy , as well as botany with Wilhelm Hofmeister at the University of Tübingen . In 1876 he moved to Strasbourg , where he studied with Anton de Bary and in 1877 he became a Dr. phil. In 1878 Goebel became an assistant at Julius Sachs , where he completed his habilitation in 1880 and became a private lecturer at the University of Würzburg .

In 1881 he became first assistant to August Schenk at the University of Leipzig , then associate professor in Strasbourg , in 1882 associate professor and in 1883 full professor at the University of Rostock , where in 1884 he founded the botanical garden and a botanical institute. From 1887 to 1891 he was a professor in Marburg and from 1891 to 1931 at the University of Munich . Here he laid out the new botanical garden in Nymphenburg and was its first director. In 1892 he became a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1909 the Bavarian king elevated him to the nobility.

In the years 1885 and 1886 he made research trips to Ceylon and Java , in 1890 and 1891 to Venezuela and what was then British Guiana .

Goebel's main areas of work were the comparative-functional anatomy , morphology and developmental physiology of plants from a phylogenetic point of view and the influence of external factors on the “response range” of their seedlings. Goebel emphasized the dependence of the form of an organism on its function and was thus one of the founders of the experimental direction in morphology.

From 1889 Goebel was editor of the magazine "Flora". In 1931 he was awarded the Linné Medal of the Linnean Society of London . From 1892 he was a full member of the Imperial Moscow Society of Natural Scientists , from 1900 he was a member of the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund , from 1902 of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences , from 1908 he was an honorary member of the Imperial Moscow Society of Naturalists, from 1910 an honorary member ( Honorary Fellow ) of the Royal Society of Edinburgh , since 1912 member of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala , since 1913 corresponding member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences , since 1914 external member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome, since 1917 member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences , since 1924 corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and since 1932 of the National Academy of Sciences .

Chauvinism and anti-Semitism

In the foreword to the correspondence with Ernst Bergdolt published in 1941 by the publishing house of the Ahnenerbe Foundation , the latter described Goebels' desire for a " military dictatorship " and other anti-parliamentary views of Goebels during the First World War . In other of his letters, some from the 19th century, there are anti-Semitic remarks (e.g. “Jews of the most repulsive kind”). In a racist way he criticized England in World War I, which "fights on the side of biologically doomed peoples instead of remembering their common Germanic blood."

Honors

For his achievements, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown by Prince Regent Luitpold in 1909 . The award was connected with the elevation to the personal nobility and he was allowed to call himself Ritter von Goebel after his entry in the nobility register . He was also from 1902 holder of the Order of Merit of St. Michael III. Class and since 1911 knight in the Department of Science of the Maximilian Order for Science and Art .

Testimonies

Goebel in a letter to Eduard Strasburger on January 21, 1908:

“The relocation of the garden has been approved by the Bavarian Finance Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and will probably also be accepted by the plenum of our 'darkroom' (Bavarian State Parliament). For me it means renouncing science and becoming a garden technician ” .

Ernst Küster on his studies in Munich (memories of a botanist, 1956):

“But the master of all teachers was Karl Goebel, the botanist ... 'I am a despot' Goebel liked to say at the time ... but nobody hesitated to admire him for his despotism; because everyone knew that he was serving the cause with him. "

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 94.
  2. ^ Jan-Peter Frahm , Jens Eggers: Lexicon of German-speaking bryologists. Norderstedt 2001, ISBN 3-8311-0986-9 , pp. 140 f.
  3. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Court and State Manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria for the year 1914. Munich 1914. p. 26.
  4. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Court and State Manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria for the year 1914. Munich 1914. P. 42.
  5. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Court and State Manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria for the year 1914. Munich 1914. P. 104.
predecessor Office successor
Eduard Schwartz President of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences from
1930 to 1932 		Leopold Wenger
personal data
SURNAME Goebel, Karl von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goebel, Karl Immanuel Eberhard Ritter von (full name); Goebel, Karl Immanuel Eberhard; Goebel, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Cheap home
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1932
Place of death Munich