List of presidents of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences

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The list of presidents of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences includes all presidents of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and their direct predecessor institutions.

The Bavarian Academy of Sciences was founded in 1759 by Elector Maximilian III. Joseph founded as the Churbayerische Akademie . The founding president was the chairman of the Coin and Mining College Sigmund von Haimhausen . Since then, 33 other people have followed him. Haimhausen himself and his successor Joseph Franz Maria von Seinsheim were the only presidents who held the office not only several times, both three times, but also with interruptions. Until 1807 the members and thus the directors were independent researchers, from 1807 state officials. After some of the institutes of the academy were affiliated with the university, which had moved from Landshut to Munich , or became independent, the academy and its members became a free community of scholars again in 1827.

The president heads the academy and manages day-to-day business. He is elected in a plenary session from among the full members with a majority of the valid votes cast. The term of office is three years, re-elections are possible. A Secretary General is appointed to support the President's management. If possible, this should be an administrative lawyer and normally not belong to the academy.

Period Name and dates of life Profession / Notes image
1759-1761 Sigmund Ferdinand Count of Haimhausen (1708–1793) Cameralist , lawyer, civil servant, chairman of the Coin and Mining Board; involved in the boom in Bavarian mining in the 18th century, establishment of the first Bavarian brick kiln and the Nymphenburg porcelain manufacture ; Founding President of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences Sigmund Ferdinand Count of Haimhausen
1761-1762 Joseph Franz Maria Ignaz Count of Seinsheim (1707–1787) Obersthofmeister , First Minister of State and Conference ; one of the decisive advocates of founding an academy at the electoral court; honorary member since 1759. Joseph Franz Maria von Seinsheim, painter: George Desmarées
Painter: George Desmarées
1762-1768 Max Emanuel Count von Törring-Jettenbach (1715–1773) Privy Councilor, Court Chamber President and Conference Minister; honorary member since 1759. Max Emanuel from Toerring-Jettenbach
1768-1769 Johann Joseph Graf von Baumgarten (1713–1772) Jurist; Councilor ; Chamberlain and Conference Minister, Bavarian representative at the coronation of the emperor in Frankfurt in 1763, elevated to the rank of imperial count by Charles VII ; honorary member since 1761
1769-1771 Joseph Franz Maria Graf von Seinsheim (1707–1787) Second term so
1771-1779 Sigmund Ferdinand Count of Haimhausen (1708–1793) Second term so
1779-1787 Joseph Franz Maria Graf von Seinsheim (1707–1787) Third term so
1787-1793 Sigmund Ferdinand Count of Haimhausen (1708–1793) Third term so
1793-1807 Count Anton von Törring-Seefeld (1725–1812) Privy Councilor , Chamberlain and Chief Chamberlain (President of the Court Chamber and Chief Chamberlain), Vice President 1780–1793 Anton Clemens von Toerring-Seefeld
Painter: Josef Georg Edlinger
1807-1812 Friedrich Heinrich von Jacobi (1743–1819) Philosopher, lawyer, economic theorist, businessman and writer, privy councilor; Professor of Philosophy in Munich Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi
Painter: Johann Peter von Langer
1812-1827 unoccupied represented (decomposed) by the Secretary General:
1827-1842 Friedrich Wilhelm von Schelling (1775-1854) Philosopher; Main exponent of the philosophy of German idealism ; Professor in Jena and Munich Friedrich Wilhelm von Schelling
Painter: Joseph Karl Stieler
1842-1848 Maximilian Freiherr von Freyberg-Eisenberg (1789-1851) Historian, director of the Reichsarchiv Maximilian Freiherr von Freyberg-Eisenberg
1848-1859 Friedrich Wilhelm von Thiersch (1784–1860) Classical philologist; "Teacher of Bavaria"; Educational reformer and philhellene; Professor in Munich; Secretary of the philosophical-philological class 1827–1848 Friedrich Wilhelm von Thiersch
1859-1873 Justus Freiherr von Liebig (1803–1873) Chemist and pharmacologist; Professor in Giessen and Munich, honorary citizen of Munich; Basic researcher in several areas of chemistry, including the development of fertilizers that are still in use today Justus Freiherr von Liebig
1873-1890 Ignaz von Döllinger (1799–1890) Liberal Catholic theologian and church historian; Professor and Rector of Munich University; Pioneer of ecumenism ; Member of the Görres group and the Frankfurt National Assembly Ignaz von Döllinger
1890-1899 Max von Pettenkofer (1818–1901) Chemist and hygienist ; Professor and Rector at Munich University; first German professor for hygiene; Honorary citizen of the city of Munich; Inventor of the stock cube Max von Pettenkofer
1899-1904 Karl Alfred Ritter von Zittel (1839–1904) Geologist, Paleontologist and Privy Councilor; Professor in Karlsruhe and Munich; contributed significantly to the development of paleontology as an independent university discipline; Director of the Natural History Museum in Munich ; Research trip took him to Libya Karl Alfred Ritter von Zittel
1904-1915 Karl Theodor Ritter von Heigel (1842–1915) Historian; Professor in Munich; Bavarian State Archivist and Royal Privy Council; Honorary citizen of the city of Munich Karl Theodor Ritter von Heigel
1915-1918 Otto Crusius (1857-1918) Classical philologist; Professor in Tübingen, Heidelberg and Munich; Editor of the Philologus and the works of Nietzsche
1919-1923 Hugo Ritter von Seeliger (1849–1924) Astronomer; Director of the Gotha Observatory ; Professor in Munich and Director of the Bogenhausen Observatory ; Privy Councilor; Chairman of the Astronomical Society ; Co-founder of stellar statistics Hugo Ritter von Seeliger
1924-1927 Max von Gruber (1853–1927) Biologist and eugenicist ; one of the founders of modern hygiene; Head of the Graz, Vienna and Munich Hygiene Institute; Co-discoverer of agglutination and founder of serology ; Chairman of the German Society for Racial Hygiene ; Co-founder of the German Fatherland Party and the German National People's Party in Bavaria Max von Gruber
1927-1930 Eduard Schwartz (1858–1940) Classical philologist; Professor in Rostock, Giessen, Strasbourg, Göttingen, Freiburg and Munich; Member of the academies in Berlin, Heidelberg, Munich, Vienna, Strasbourg, Petersburg, Copenhagen, Budapest and Stockholm Eduard Schwartz
1930-1932 Karl Ritter von Goebel (1855–1932) Botanist; Professor in Strasbourg, Rostock, Marburg and Munich; laid out the Botanical Gardens of Rostock and Munich (Nymphenburg); Research trips to Ceylon, Java, Venezuela and British Guiana Karl von Goebel
1932-1935 Leopold Wenger (1874–1953) Legal historian; Professor in Graz, Vienna, Heidelberg and Munich; Founded the seminar for papyrus research in Munich , thereby combining legal history with classical philology
1936-1944 Karl Alexander von Müller (1882–1964) Historian; Full Professor of Bavarian State History and General History in Munich; Editor of the historical journal ; Mediator between an older and younger, National Socialist generation of historians; Honorary member of the " Reich Institute for the History of New Germany "; Forced retirement after the end of the war due to involvement in the Nazi regime Karl Alexander von Müller
1944-1945 Mariano San Nicolò (1887–1955) Italian legal historian and papyrologist; Professor and Rector at the University of Prague and Munich; Expert in Roman law and the legal history of the Middle East; Honorary doctorate in Mainz; Member of the academies in Mainz, Vienna, Munich, Prague and Oslo
1946-1950 Walther Meißner (1882–1974) Experimental physicist; Oberregierungsrat; Co-discoverer of the Meißner-Ochsenfeld effect ; Professor in Munich; Co-founder and longtime head of the commission for low temperature research at the academy; Honorary doctorate in Mainz and the TU Berlin; Bearer of the Great Cross of Merit of the FRG and the Bavarian Order of Merit Walther Meissner
1950-1952 Heinrich Mitteis (1889–1952) Legal historian; Professor in Cologne, Heidelberg, Munich, Vienna, Rostock, Berlin and Zurich; Opponent of National Socialism; one of the most important legal historians of the century, he linked legal history, political history and intellectual history
1952-1956 Richard Wagner (1893-1970) Physiologist; Professor in Graz, Erlangen, Breslau, Innsbruck and Munich; Research on regulating processes in the organism and on the physiology of the circulatory system
1956-1964 Friedrich Baethgen (1890–1972) Medieval historian; Professor in Heidelberg, Vienna, Königsberg and Munich; second secretary of the German Historical Institute in Rome ; President of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica
1964-1970 Robert Sauer (1898–1970) Mathematician; Professor in Aachen, Karlsruhe, Weil am Rhein, St. Louis in Alsace and Munich (there rector and several times prorector); Basic researcher in the field of gas dynamics and differential geometry ; Politician, Vice President of the Bavarian Senate
1970-1976 Hans Raupach (1903-1997) Economist, lawyer and Eastern European researcher; Professor in Halle, Munich, Braunschweig, Wilhelmshaven (there also rector); Research on the economy and society of the Soviet Union
1977-1979 Walter Rollwagen (1909–1993) Experimental physicist; Professor in Munich, acting head of the Bogenhausen observatory
1980-1985 Herbert Franke (1914-2011) Sinologist ; Chairman of the German Oriental Society ; Vice President of the German Society for East Asian Studies ; Vice President of the German Research Foundation ; Bearer of the Bavarian Order of Merit
1986-1991 Arnulf Schlüter (1922–2011) Astrophysicist; Pioneer of cosmic electrodynamics and plasma physics; Founding member and director of the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics ; Professor in Munich; significantly involved in setting up the first nuclear fusion experiments in Germany; Member of the Leopoldina, Vienna and Munich academies
1992-1997 Horst Fuhrmann (1926–2011) Medieval historian; Professor in Tübingen and Regensburg; President of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica; Member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres , the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei and the Munich Academy Horst Fuhrmann
1998-2005 Heinrich Nöth (1928–2015) Chemist; Professor in Marburg, Munich and Mexico; Member of the academies of Munich, Göttingen, Austria, Mexico, Russia, Leopoldina and Academia Europaea; President of the Society of German Chemists ; is considered the "master of boron chemistry"
2006-2010 Dietmar Willoweit (* 1936) Legal scholar and legal historian; Professor in Berlin, Tübingen and Würzburg; is committed to interdisciplinary research
2011-2016 Karl Heinz Hoffmann (* 1939) Mathematician; Professor at the Technical University of Munich ; 1998/1999 President of the German Mathematicians Association ; Leibniz Prize Winner Karl Heinz Hoffmann
since 2017 Thomas O. Höllmann (* 1952) Sinologist and ethnologist; Professor at the LMU Munich

literature

  • Max Spindler (ed.): Electoralis Academiae scientiarum Boicae primordia. Letters from the founding time of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , CH Beck, Munich 1959
  • Mind and shape. Biographical contributions to the history of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, mainly in the second century of its existence , 3 volumes, CH Beck, Munich 1959

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. § 16 of the statutes
This version was added to the selection of informative lists and portals on September 13, 2008 .