Church Demen
The Evangelical Lutheran village church Demen in the same demes in the district Ludwigslust-Parchim in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is built before 1300 simple brick church.
history
In the 13th century the knight Siegfried von Grönau (Sifridus von Gronow) was mentioned as a lord and Mecklenburg feudal man on Demen. With the consent of Prince Heinrich of Mecklenburg , the pilgrim , he sold the village and the church to the Dobbertin nunnery on May 26, 1265 . On November 22, 1386 the Dobbertin monastery sold Heinrich Vogt zu Sternberg from Demen and Dabel 20 marks annuity, which should be distributed among the nuns as a perpetual pension after death. For almost four hundred years, even after the Reformation , the Dobbertin monastery remained in the possession of the village and the church.
On March 29, 1429, Alheyt, daughter of Henning von Pameren, pledged the Bede zu Demen, 14th Mark Luebisch pension, to the provost Hinrich Voss, the prioress Abele von Grabow and the convent of the Dobbertin nunnery. Presumably Alheyt was a nun there.
In 1437 Heinrich , Duke of Mecklenburg, pledged 140 Marks in Luebisch and pledged 14 Marks pension to the Dobbertiner provost Hinrich Voss on the winter and summer bede from the village of Demen.
On October 25, 1490, Helmold von Plesse zu Kritzkow gave the prioress Alheyd von Cramon , the subprioress Abele von Oldenborghes (von Oldenburg) and the whole convent of the Dobbertin nunnery a ray of lease from his father's inheritance to Demen, to be used for shoes and an eternal one Intercession. In the clag book of the Dobbertin monastery office from 1593 to 1595 there were a noticeably large number of entries on Demen, which the monastery court also had to deal with. In 1593 Chim Hane, the son of the village mayor, was involved in several fights and Valentin Lutke insulted the court master several times. In 1595 there were frequent fights on the free market in Crivitz, with Chim Brand and his step-sons Chim and Hans Detert zu Demen always involved. Even the governor Gert Wulf took part in the brawls.
On January 29, 1645, Adolf Friedrich I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, signed an exchange contract with the Dobbertin monastery, which is now used as a noble women's monastery . The Duke received the villages of Demen and Dabel from the monastery with all income and the parish in Domsühl, and in return he waived all annual taxes for the monastery. Until 1918 the village belonged to the Domanium, ie to the Dominalamt Crivitz.
The Demener parish originally included the mother church of Demen for decades with the Filia von Wamckow at times also the knightly parish Prestin , Hohen Pritz , Groß Niendorf , Kobande, Runow and Sparow.
In 1633, during the Thirty Years War, a lightning strike caused a church fire and devastated the church. Enemy troops even took the newly acquired bell with them in 1639.
Building history
The rectangular brick building was built between 1280 and 1300 and, along with Gägelow, Ruchow and Witzin, is one of the first stone churches in the area around Sternberg. There are no historical studies of the church building. The umbrella organization of the square choir is dated to 1357. The village and the church in Demen belonged to the nunnery in Dobbertin since 1265. Little can be learned about church building and its clergy from medieval times. Around 1367 a church rector Nikolaus was mentioned in the parish village of Demen in the Crivitzer Vogtei.
When the bell tower was dilapidated in 1590, it was to be rebuilt by the builder Jacob Heyne zu Malchow in the Dobbertiner Sandpropstei by order of the Dobbertiner provisional district administrator Johann von Cramon auf Woserin with wood and dachshund from Rechlin and Lärz .
After a lightning strike in 1633 the church, which had burned down completely, was poorly restored. New bells were procured, which were smashed and stolen during a horseman attack in 1639. At these times of the Thirty Years War there was no pastor present in Demen and the church was in dire need of repair. When the people went to the church in Holzendorf after the chapels in Poverstorf (today Schönlage ) and Venkow had been destroyed by the war , the pastor had hardly any income to live on because of the now smaller community. From 1713 to 1757 the von Barnewitz families had the patronage of the church in Demen. From 1773 Hohen Pritz came to Demen as a branch church, where it remained until 1928.
The cemetery surrounding the church was closed in 1879 and has been on the former parish farm ever since. The last wrought iron crosses on the old cemetery have disappeared since 1990.
Minor damage and repairs could be carried out in the last few decades. a. In 1980 the windows were renewed and in 1990 an electrically operated bell train was installed. The necessary structural securing work on the roof structure, the removal of moisture damage to the beam heads and thresholds on the wall crown and the insertion of the missing tie rods above the vault apex in the choir could not begin until 1999, also thanks to the help of the German Foundation for Monument Protection . The security and internal renovation work was completed in September 2001.
The conversion of the former rectory to a community center took place in 2006. Choir and music lessons are also held there.
Building description
Exterior
The church is a rectangular, single-nave brick building of two axes with a recessed rectangular choir , which was built in 1357. The steep gable roofs of the nave and the choir are covered with plain tiles with a large roof overhang.
On the west side there is a tower extension on a medieval tower foundation made of field stones with a gable roof that is lower than the nave. The north and south walls of the nave each have three stepped buttresses, between each axis there is a three-lane pointed arch window with leaded diamond glass . The windows on the north side are very elongated, almost at ground level. The cornice is all around, also on the west gable as a pointed arch frieze . In the gable triangle, the half-timbered structure was made of oak and filled with masonry bricks. There is a weather valve with a ball on the western ridge of the roof . On the west side of the tower, a horizontally running diamond frieze was arranged under the two-lane pointed arched windows with round arches above . Also noteworthy is the south portal of the tower with the retracted round and pointed arch, the laterally profiled round bars and the double-leaf door from the Baroque period. The window in the east gable of the choir has been bricked up and the outside has been given a smooth plaster. Three ogival panels are arranged in the gable triangle. The three-lane, ogival choir south window is enhanced by a pointed arch with glazed round bars.
Interior
The interior with its flat wooden beam ceiling painted with acanthus barriers was laid out in two yokes for a later vault and is opened to the choir by a pointed arched triumphal arch . The retracted rectangular choir is provided with a deeply set, heavily busted ribbed vault on strong shield arches .
Altar and pulpit
Remnants of the Gothic altarpiece were destroyed in a fire in 1956, only the altar barrier remained. The altar bore the inscription: This altar was built 1794 Anna Maria Gohde, geb. Boeck es 61.10 renovated 1842. The Katharinen altar came in 2001 from the former Katharinenkloster in Rostock . Before it was installed, the renaissance altar, which was rebuilt in the Baroque period, was restored by the Rostock restorer Heiko Brandner.
The altar table and the pulpit were made in 1955 by the master carpenter Thießen. The crucifix created in 1955 by the Crivitz sculptor Mangelsdorf hangs on the northern wall of the choir.
Baptismal font
The sandstone font with a brass bowl dates from the second half of the 19th century. Before 1899 it was not part of the church furnishings .
A wooden baptismal font, which was made together with the crucifix in 1955 by the sculptor Mangelsdorf, is on loan in the church in Göhren.
organ
The organ (I / AP / 7) was built in 1887 by the Schwerin court organ builder Friedrich Friese III and placed on the west gallery. The neo-Gothic flat prospect consists of three ogival pipe fields, the middle one protruding higher. The upper straight housing end is equipped with continuous rows of palmettes. The gaming table is on the left. The greater part of the metal pipes does not come from Friese. The organ was inaugurated on the Sunday before Pentecost in 1887. It has seven registers and an independent pedal. In 1917, the tin pipes were melted down during the First World War . It was not until 1988 that these could be renewed by the company Wolfgang Nußbrücker from Plau am See with financial help from the partner community Ansbach - Schalkhausen in Bavaria.
Bells
According to the inscription, the existing larger bell (diameter 0.75 m) was cast by Siegfried Laurentius Strahlborn in Lübeck in 1737 . It is decorated with grape-shaped ovaries and angel heads. According to the inscription, the bell was cast at the time of Pastor Enoch Christoph Simonis and the church lawyers Hans Hacker and Daniel Friedrich Schröder. The words “ Soli Deo Gloria ” have been preserved.
According to the inscription, a smaller bell with a diameter of 0.50 m was cast in 1832 and was melted down for war purposes in 1917.
The belfry was renovated in 2015.
Others
The furnishings include a locked Pietà from the second half of the 15th century. It shows St. Mary with the body of Christ on her lap in good Gothic wood carving. The body of Christ is no longer completely preserved, and Mary is also missing her right hand. Unfortunately, the work was probably whitewashed with lime in the 19th century.
During the fire in 1955 (?) The flag of the men's choir was destroyed, which was kept there in the altar area after the end of the club.
The restoration and refurbishment work carried out from 1999 onwards was completed in September 2001 with the painting of the entire church and the stalls, the installation of the Catherine altar and the renewal of the lighting. It was particularly emphasized that the altarpiece fits perfectly into the choir.
Pastors
Names and years indicate the verifiable mention as pastor.
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Parish
The Evangelical Lutheran parish Demen today includes the towns of Buerbeck , Demen with church, Dessin , Jülchendorf , Jülchendorf Meierei , Kobande , Prestin with church , Runow , Ventzkow and Wamckow with church . The seat of the parish office was Demen, Prestin was declared a dormant parish office in 1977. Today the parish of Demen is administered by the parish of Zapel with its parish seat there.
The parish Demen belongs to the Wismar provost in the Mecklenburg parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany (Northern Church) . A loose partnership has been maintained with the Evangelical Parish of Schalkhausen since 1988.
Trivia
One of the legends of the villagers is the story that in 1806 a former church tower was shot down when a French army marched through. In the 19th century, according to legend, today's porch was added to the west of the church. It should be noted that there is no evidence of this and that the current structure of the church is typical for the region.
swell
- Mecklenburg record book (MUB)
- Mecklenburg Yearbooks (MJB)
Unprinted sources
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State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
- LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents Dobbertin monastery.
- LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 regional monastery, monastery office Dobbertin.
- LHAS 5.12-3 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior.
- LHAS 5.12-7 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry for Education, Art, Spiritual and Medical Matters.
- LHAS 9.1-1 Reich Chamber Court
- LKAS, OKR Schwerin, church records Demen 1653–1787.
- LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Specialia, Abt. 1, 2. 1734–1776.
- LKAS, OKR Schwerin, parish archive Demen with Hohen Pritz.
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of Finance, Building Construction Dept., Patronatsbauakten 1867–1938. Architectural drawings and plans of church buildings.
- Department of Monument Preservation, Archive and Local File Church Demen 1935–2006.
literature
- Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. III. Volume The district court districts of Hagenow, Wittenburg, Boizenburg, Lübenheen, Dömitz, Grabow, Ludwigslust, Neustadt, Crivitz, Brüel, Warin, Neubukow, Kröpelin and Doberan. Schwerin 1899 (reprint 1993) ISBN 3-910179-14-2 , pp. 344-347.
- Horst Ende : Demen, village church. In: The monuments of the Schwerin district. Schwerin 1985, p. 18.
- Horst Ende: Churches in Schwerin and the surrounding area. Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-374-00840-2 , pp. 106, 107, 180.
- Burghard Keuthe: Parchimer legends. Part II. Brüel-Crivitz-Sternbeg, Parchim 1997 ISBN 3-932370-27-9
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , pp. 108-109.
- ZEBI eV, START eV: Village and town churches in the Wismar-Schwerin parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-753-7 , pp. 108-109.
- Tilo Schöfbeck: The Land of Sternberg in the Middle Ages (7th - 13th century). Genesis of a cultural landscape in the Warnower area. In: Slavs and Germans in the High Middle Ages east of the Elbe. Volume 8, Studies in the Archeology of Europe ISBN 978-3-7749-3485-6
- Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Trave and Peene. Berlin 2014 ISBN 978-3-86732-131-0
- Demen community: 750 years of Demen, local history 1265–2015. Schwerin 2015.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: The country Sternberg in medieval times. 2008, p. 176.
- ↑ Christoph Otto von Gamm: Directory of the families that died out in the duchies of Mecklenburg, together with an indication of the time when they went out and what kind of coat of arms they had. MJB 11 (1846) p. 442.
- ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 1046.
- ↑ MUB XXI. (1903) No. 11818.
- ↑ LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents Dobbertin monastery. Regesten No. 108.
- ↑ LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents Dobbertin monastery. Regesten No. 192.
- ↑ Lhas 10.63-1 association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. No. 275 Clagebuch 1593–1598.
- ↑ MUB II. (1864) No. 1046.
- ↑ Georg Dehio: Demen, District Parchim. 2000, p. 108.
- ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: The country Sternberg in the Middle Ages. 2008, p. 184.
- ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval church between Travelodge and Peene. 2014, p. 362.
- ↑ a b Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1899, p. 345.
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1899, p. 345
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1889. p. 346.
- ↑ LHAS 2.12-3 / 4 Church and Schools. Specialia No. 12102.
- ↑ Bettina Gneckow: Note on the Church of Demen. State Office for Monument Preservation February 32, 1999.
- ↑ Barbara Burghardt: New shine in old walls. MKZ September 9, 2001.
- ↑ Monument law approval for the rectory in Demen from February 22, 2006. Ev.-Luth. Landeskirche Schwerin, OKR, construction department, Az. 6204-531 / 4.
- ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Travelodge and Peene. 2014. p. 362.
- ↑ Georg Dehio: Demen, District Parchim. 2000, p. 109.
- ↑ a b Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1899, p. 347.
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, approval to OKR, construction department for the installation of the Catherine altar in the church in Demen, April 23, 2001
- ^ Mecklenburgisches Orgelmuseum Malchow.
- ↑ The report of the bell expert of the state conservator and the Evangelical Church of Westphalia, Claus Peter from August 2014, certifies that the bell is a very beautiful cast .
- ↑ Georg Dehio: Demen, District Parchim. 2000, p. 109.
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1988, p. 347.
- ↑ In Dehio 2000, p. 109 and in the MKZ of September 9, 2001, New Shine in Old Walls , the fire is dated to 1956, but in Ortschronik Demen 2015, p. 9 already to 1955?
- ↑ Bettina Gneckow: Note on the Church of Demen. State Office for Monument Preservation September 6, 2001.
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Demen. 1899, pp. 345-346.
- ^ Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parish since the Thirty Years' War. Wismar 1925.
- ↑ 750 years of dementia. Ortschronik 2015, p. 10.
- ↑ MUB XVI. (1893) No. 9634.
- ^ Friedrich Lisch : The Reformation of the Dobbertin Monastery. MJB 22 (1877) p. 116.
- ^ LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Examina K 105.
- ↑ Ecclesiastical Official Gazette of the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Mecklenburg No. 2/1977, p. 13.
Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ′ 53 " N , 11 ° 45 ′ 31.1" E