Schalkhausen (Ansbach)

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Schalkhausen
City of Ansbach
Schalkhausen coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 18 ′ 4 "  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 58"  E
Height : 413  (411-444)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 1216  (May 25 1987)
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 91522
Area code : 0981

Schalkhausen (colloquially: Schalháusen or Schelháusn ) is a district of the independent city of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

geography

The parish village lies on the Onoldsbach , a right tributary of the Franconian Rezat , on the Fürstengraben and the Hengstgraben, both right tributaries of the Onoldsbach. To the northwest, the place is surrounded by the Schönfeld Forest. Immediately to the north is the Schalkhauser Mühlranken, in approx. 0.5 km the Bocksberg ( 480  m above sea level ), in the west the Finkenbuck and in the south the Bergfeld.

The state road in 2246 leads to Ansbach (1.6 km east) and after Lengenfeld (3.7 km to the west). Communal roads lead to Geisengrund (1.6 km south), to Dornberg (1.5 km west) and past the Scheermühle to Steinersdorf (1.7 km north).

history

On October 18, 1144, a family named "Scalchusen" was first mentioned in a document from Bishop Embrico of Würzburg . The defining word of the place name is probably Schalk ( mhd. For an unfree), meaning to the houses of the unfree. There was a moated castle as early as the 12th century, of which the circular system with moat has been preserved. It and the entire surrounding area with properties were originally owned by the Lords of Dornberg . After this noble family died out in 1288, the castle came to Ludwig von Oettingen , who was married to a daughter of Wolfram von Dornberg . In 1331 this property was sold to Friedrich IV , the burgrave of Nuremberg at the time . At least since the 13th century there was a church that was expanded in 1264, today's Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Nicholas.

In 1455 the place was called "Schallhausen", in the 17th and 18th centuries it was then consistently called "Schallhaußen" (see also the dialect pronunciation).

In the 16-point report of the Ansbach Regional Office from 1684, 32 teams were recorded for Schalkhausen. 19 properties were subordinate to the Hofkastenamt Ansbach , seven properties to the Ansbach Abbey , one property to the mayor and council of Ansbach , one property to a Lord von Mohr, one property to the Lords of Eyb and three properties of the parish of Schalkhausen . There was also the rectory, the parish church and communal buildings (school, shepherd's house). The high court and the village and community authority exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbachische Hofkastenamt Ansbach. In 1686 six properties of the caste office were sold to the district judge Johann Sigmund von Heßberg as free property including the bailiwick.

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 42 properties in Schalkhausen with the Scheermühle. The court box office in Ansbach continued to exercise the high court and the village and community rule. Were landlords

  • the principality of Ansbach
    • Hofkastenamt Ansbach, 32 Property: 1 Schlossgut, 1 Hofgut, 19 Sölden goods , 1 Söldengut of bread and brandy right to 2 mills, 1 Tafernwirtschaft , 7 empty houses ;
    • Ansbach Abbey: 6 Sölden estates, 1 smithy;
    • Ansbach advice: 1 Söldengut;
  • the manor Eyerlohe of the Lords of Eyb: 1 Söldengut;
  • the Nuremberg owner of Moor: 1 Söldengut.

In addition to the property, there were also church buildings (church, rectory) and communal buildings (school house, shepherd's house, break house ). From 1797 to 1808 the place was under the judiciary and chamber office of Ansbach .

In the geographical statistical-topographical lexicon of Franconia (1802) the place is described as follows: “Evangelical-Lutheran parish village, a small hour from Ansbach; 39 subjects belong to the Oberamt Ansbach, 4 are foreign rulers. A piece of the wall can still be seen here, which enclosed a castle of the former famous dynasty of the Counts or Advocates of Dornberg. "

In 1806 Schalkhausen came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the community edict , the Schalkhausen tax district was formed in 1808 , to which Dornberg , Geisengrund , Neudorf , Neudorfermühle , Neuses , Scheermühle , Schmalenbach , Schmalenbacher Mühle , Steinersdorf and Walkmühle , Wasserzell and Wasserzeller Mühle belonged. From 1810 Neuses with Schmalenbach, Schmalenbacher Mühle, Wasserzell and Wasserzeller Mühle no longer belonged to this tax district and formed its own tax district. The rural community of Schalkhausen was founded in 1811 and was congruent with the tax district. It was subordinate to the Ansbach Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and to the Ansbach Rent Office ( renamed Ansbach Tax Office in 1920 ). In voluntary jurisdiction, a property was subject to the Frohnhof Patrimonial Court from 1822 to 1836 . From 1862 on, Schalkhausen was administered by the Ansbach district office (renamed the Ansbach district in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court of Ansbach until 1870, 1870-1879 city ​​and district court Ansbach , since 1880 district court Ansbach . The municipality had an area of ​​8.031 km². As part of the regional reform , Schalkhausen was incorporated into Ansbach on July 1, 1972.

Architectural monuments

  • Evangelical Lutheran Parish Church of St. Nicholas
  • Lost chapel on the Kapellenbuck
  • Burgstall Schalkhausen , a round tower hill with a former moat south of the school. 1144 seat of the Lords of Dornberg, later of the Counts of Oettingen; Destroyed in 1525.
  • House No. 1 (“Schlösschen”): After the purchase of land in 1733 from Ernst Christian Freiherr v. Lyncher built as a summer apartment under Leopoldo Retti's building directorate in Ansbach . Two-storey building with 3 × 5 axes over an approximately square floor plan with a mansard roof and dormers. Slightly recessed rectangular windows over plastered fields; rusticated corner pilasters. Rectangular portal with a slightly cranked cornice as a roof. Staircase with baluster parapet. On the upper floor two rooms with stucco wall field division. Modern veranda extension on the east side. 18th century barn with pitched roof and dormers. East of the palace park from the 18th / 19th centuries century
  • House No. 9: Two-storey building from the middle of the 18th century with a gable roof and half-timbered gable; drilled sandstone portal with bow roofing and skylight
  • House no. 34 (probably former office building): two-storey building from the 18th century with plastered areas, rusticated corner pilasters and arched portal with straight roofing
  • Border stone, marked "1786" between Kreisstrasse and Scheerweiher

See also: List of architectural monuments in Ansbach # Schalkhausen

Population development

Schalkhausen community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 537 637 610 595 614 640 651 667 698 707 675 693 770 695 647 628 667 753 795 1187 1253 1198 1093 1214
Houses 103 121 120 125 125 124 149 209
source

Place Schalkhausen

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 263 319 307 * 322 371 424 354 850 814 928 1216
Houses 44 57 62 59 64 90 146 327
source
* including Scheermühle

religion

The place has been Protestant since the Reformation. The residents of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination are parish to St. Nikolaus (Schalkhausen) , the residents of the Roman Catholic denomination to St. Ludwig (Ansbach)

education

There is a Protestant kindergarten and a primary school at public institutions.

Sons and daughters

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 323 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b c E. Fechter, p. 166.
  3. ↑ Schalkhausen in the Bavaria Atlas
  4. ↑ Staatsarchiv Nürnberg , Ansbacher Salbuch 128, 3048. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 691.
  5. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 907 f.
  6. ↑ JK Bundschuh, Vol. 5, Col. 70. Data taken from Johann Bernhard Fischer : Schalkhausen . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 24 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Is no longer listed as a district in the statistics after 1885.
  8. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court of Ansbach 1808-17. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 961.
  9. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 971, 1008.
  10. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 1008f.
  11. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 757-758 ( digitized version ).
  12. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 600 .
  13. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1970 as residential buildings.
  14. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 80 ( digitized version ). For the community of Schalkhausen plus the residents and buildings of Dornberg (p. 19), Geisengrund (p. 28), Neudorf (p. 62), Scheermühle (p. 80), Steinersdorf (p. 89) and Walkmühle (p. 99 ).
  15. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 45 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 165 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 986 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 152 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1151 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 60 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 173 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1091-1092 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1156 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1193 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1030 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 167 ( digitized version ).
  27. ↑ http://www.kindergarten-schalkhausen.de/
  28. ↑ http://www.grundschule-schalkhausen.de/