Kjeld Philip

Kjeld Løwenstein Philip (born April 3, 1912 in Copenhagen , † October 27, 1989 ) was a Danish economist and university professor . As a politician , he was Minister of Trade, Finance and Economics for Det Radikalische Venstre (RV, left-liberal) and also advised numerous United Nations organizations .

Life

University professor in Aarhus, Stockholm and Copenhagen

After attending Østersøgades Gymnasium in 1931, Philip began studying political science , which he graduated in 1937. He then became a research assistant at Aarhus University , where he obtained his doctorate in economics in 1942 with a dissertation on the relationship between public financial policy and economic activities with the title Bidrag til Læren om Forbindelse mellem Det Open Finansppolitik og the økonomiske Aktivitet .

In 1943 Philip took over a professorship for social policy and finance at Aarhus University and, while teaching there until 1949, did a research stay in the USA in 1947 . He then accepted a professorship for economics and social policy at Stockholm University in 1949, and during his stay there worked as an expert on the investigation of the Swedish pension system .

He was then between 1951 and 1969 Professor of Economics at the University of Copenhagen . During this time he was head of the local economic laboratory from 1953 to 1957 and chairman of the Institute for History and Economics at the University of Copenhagen between 1956 and 1960. In 1955 he became chairman of a committee of Det Radikalische Venstre for economic cooperation, which significantly shaped the economic orientation of the party. In addition, he worked on various expert commissions for tax law, food law, land charges and the emission value of fixed bonds until 1957.

Minister and MP

When a coalition government consisting of Social Democrats , Det Radikalische Venstre and Retsforbundet was formed in 1957, Philip was appointed Minister of Commerce by Prime Minister Hans Christian Svane Hansen on May 28, 1957 . As such, he submitted draft laws for regional development and advocated trade by reorganizing export credits. In addition, the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was founded on January 4, 1960 in Stockholm to liberalize trade in industrial products.

After Finance Minister Viggo Kampmann was his successor as prime minister after the death of HC Hansen on February 21, 1960. Philip was followed on March 31, 1960 Kampmann as Treasury ( finance minister ). As finance minister, he strengthened the financial institutions for companies and implemented lower taxation for restaurants and canteens. Furthermore, the technical and nautical schools were strengthened.

After Bertel Dahlgaard's resignation , he became the new Minister of Economic Affairs ( Økonomiminister ) on September 7, 1961 , while Hans R. Knudsen succeeded him as Minister of Finance. At the same time he was elected as a successor to Dahlgaard in the election of November 15, 1960 as a member of the Folketing and advanced to the constituency of Skive . During his tenure as Minister of Economic Affairs, the law on economic coordination was passed, which also led to the establishment of the Economic Council under his chairmanship with three so-called "economic modes". In addition, a number of administrative restrictions on commercial enterprises were dismantled and there was less support for smallholders, since in his opinion it made more sense to support large farms in the 1960s. He saw the higher domestic prices as an unfortunate form of agricultural subsidies.

After Det RadISCHE Venstre left the government of Prime Minister Jens Otto Krag, which had been in office since September 3, 1962, following the 1964 Folketing election , Philip left the government on September 29, 1964 and ended his political career at the same time, as he was no longer in favor of one Candidacy for election on September 22, 1964 had been nominated.

Activities for the UN and other functions

In 1965 Philip was sent to Somalia by the United Nations as an economic advisor and between 1965 and 1967 he was chairman of the Commission on East African Cooperation and head of its office in Nairobi . In addition, from 1966 to 1969 he was chairman of the commission for real estate loans . In 1968 he then headed a UN evaluation team in Iran and between 1969 and 1971 as an advisor to the International Labor Organization (ILO) in Geneva .

During this time Philip was also chairman of the Bureau for Technical Cooperation with Developing Countries from 1968 to 1973, and also chaired the Industrialization Fund for Developing Countries in 1968. For a time he was also a board member of the National Economic Association ( Nationaløkonomisk Forening ) and between 1969 and 1974 its chairman.

Philip also became head of the UN Economic Commission for Africa in 1972 , which was particularly concerned with examining the possibilities of economic cooperation between African states. He also served as chairman of the Inland Transport Committee in Greenland between 1975 and 1977 and chairman of a working group aimed at rationalizing tax administration. Most recently, in 1978, he was chairman of an economic advisory commission for Pakistan .

Publications

• En Fremstilling og Analyze af den danske Kriselovgivning 1931–38 , 1939
• Staten og Fattigdommen , 1947
• Skate Politics , 1955
• Somalia , 1966
• Det østafrikanske fællesskab , 1969
• Kenya , 1974.

Web links

• Entry in Den Store Danske Encyklopædi (online version)