Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski

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Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski

Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski (born December 31, 1934 in Berlin-Neukölln ) is a German computer scientist and philosopher of science . He is one of the pioneers in the theory and methodology of information system design for organizations.

Training course

Klaus Kittowski was born as the son of the mechanic Gustav Kittowski and his wife, the painter Elisabeth Kittowski, b. Fox, born. His father was arrested for his anti-fascist activities when Klaus was one year old. He lost his mother to the National Socialist terror at the age of not even four, so that he grew up with his grandfather Emil Fuchs . Since he was not entitled to parenting due to his anti-fascist resistance, he was given the prison pastor Harald Poelchau as guardian; this later turned out to be a member of the Kreisau circle in the resistance.

From 1942/1943 he attended a primary school in Berlin-Mariendorf. Then he moved with his grandfather to Gortipohl (Austria), where only limited attendance at school was possible in 1944/45. He had to work as a shepherd for farmers and on the alpine pastures. In Vorarlberg, Emil Fuchs and his grandson made contact with the Austrian resistance movement. Because of his close relationship with his grandfather and in memory of his mother, he later adopted the double name "Fuchs-Kittowski" after completing his studies.

From 1945 to 1950 he was a boarding school student at the Odenwald School in Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) . During this time, his grandfather Emil Fuchs was appointed professor for systematic theology and sociology of religion at the University of Leipzig . Before he moved to Leipzig in 1949, his grandfather took him to the USA for a year, where his daughter Christel Fuchs-Heinemann (later Fuchs-Holzer) and his friends from the International Society of Friends ( Quakers ) and his Son visited by physicist Klaus Fuchs in England. Klaus Kittowski was in the USA (1947-1948) student at the Shady Hill School in Cambridge (Massachusetts) .

After his return from the USA, he completed an apprenticeship (1950–1953) as an agricultural machine fitter in the Leipzig soil tillage plant . 1953-1956 followed a high school diploma at the workers and farmers faculty at the University of Leipzig.

After graduating from high school in 1956, he studied philosophy at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig , where he earned his diploma in 1961. Reinhard Mocek , Heinrich Parthey and Hubert Laitko , with whom he has been at the Leipzig Institute of Philosophy, were among his fellow students In the field of philosophy of science.

During his studies, the institute director Ernst Bloch was forced to retire . Like his grandfather Emil Fuchs, he spoke out publicly against this measure, and both of them continued to stand by Bloch. His previous persecution by the Nazi regime was recognized during his student days.

With his diploma thesis on philosophical problems in physics and biology , he laid the foundation for his further occupation with philosophical problems in natural sciences and engineering. This was followed by an apprenticeship at the Humboldt University in Berlin from 1961 to 1964 at Hermann Ley's chair for philosophical questions in the natural sciences . During this time he also received additional special training in biochemistry from the leading specialist Samuel Mitja Rapoport , who also supervised his dissertation together with Hermann Ley, and in control engineering with its mathematical principles from Manfred Peschel and Gunther Schwarze and in molecular biology from Heinz Bielka and Erhard Geissler . Further special training followed later in the computer center in computer science (organizational / business informatics ) and for the practical design of application systems in business and medical organizations. In his doctoral thesis in 1964 he addressed “The problem of determinism - technical regulation and regulation in the living organism” (predicate: summa cum laude).

He has been married to the television director Sabine Fuchs-Kittowski, an adopted daughter of Georg Klaus , since 1986 . The lawyer Marko Martschewski comes from their first marriage. From Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski's first marriage to the clinical psychologist and habilitated philosopher Marlene Fuchs-Kittowski comes from Gerhard Fuchs-Kittowski, who is an economic historian involved in the restitution of Jewish property, and Frank Fuchs-Kittowski , computer science professor at the University of Technology und Wirtschaft (HTW) Berlin .

Career entry in the computer center of the Humboldt University

Immediately after completing his doctorate in 1964, he began working as a research assistant in the data processing department in the computer center at the Humboldt University, which he founded together with Gunter Schwarze and others and at which Manfred Peschel also worked until 1966 . From the beginning he worked in the field of economic data processing and developed the first projects to rationalize management and administrative work at the Humboldt University and the Charité , but also for Berlin companies and the geological service. During this time he also represented the field of application-organizational principles of data processing in research and teaching at the Humboldt University.

With the formation of the department "System Design and Automated Information Processing" at the Section Scientific Theory and Organization in 1968, there was a concentration on issues of organizational computing, data processing project management and project organization, on the development of a complex, user-oriented methodology Information system design in the field of business and social organization. He was concerned with a deeper understanding of information processing systems, their planning, implementation and implementation in industrial operations and in hospitals. His close cooperation with the Berlin-Friedrichshain hospital, computer center (head: Peter Gudermuth) should be emphasized, in particular the pioneering work carried out here in setting up a database for kidney transplants (clinic director: Moritz Mebel ).

University professor at Humboldt University

After his habilitation on philosophical and methodological questions in bio-cybernetics (1969), he was appointed university lecturer (equivalent to a C3 professorship) for philosophical problems in cybernetics at the Humboldt University. He specialized in computer science problems, in particular the methodology of the design of information systems in organizations, information and data management and interrelationships between computer science and society. Particular consideration was given to the economic and social effects of modern information and communication technologies (ICT) as well as the theoretical principles of computer science. In doing so, special practical experience could be gained in the automation of information processing processes in the business environment, in scientific institutions, in hospitals and in health care.

Another area of ​​work was philosophical, epistemological and methodological problems in the natural sciences and technology, especially the ethical and science-political problems of modern life sciences and computer science. His book "Problems of Determinism and Cybernetics in Molecular Biology" on epistemological and methodological questions in modern biosciences was awarded the highest research prize in medicine, the Rudolf Virchow Prize , in 1971 .

This work on the philosophy of science and methodological as well as ethical problems of the biosciences was intensively continued by him, in particular through his participation in the "Society for Mathematical and Physical Biology of the GDR", through the long-standing leadership of the working group "Philosophy and Scientific Theory of Biology" and through the preparation and active participation in the "Kühlungsborn Colloquia on Philosophical and Ethical Problems of the Life Sciences in Society".

In 1972 he was appointed full professor for information processing at the Humboldt University in Berlin. At the same time he turned to the interrelationships between computer science and society, to the associated economic and social effects as well as ethical and science-political consequences. Here is u. a. Reference is made to his book: " Computer Science and Automation " and in particular to the series of colloquia he founded on the "Organization of Information Processing". In this context, u. a. the conference: "Problems of computer science in medicine and biology" and the two larger IFIP conferences on problems of information system design: "System design for human development and productivity; participation and beyond ”and“ Information System, Work and Organization Design ”, which he played a key role in. His main interlocutors and co-authors while working on the theoretical and methodological problems of biology and computer science were Bodo Wenzlaff and Hans-Alfred Rosenthal .

In his section, he initially took over the management of the research area "System Design and Automated Information Processing" in 1968, and later from 1969 he was deputy section director for research, alternating with the department management several times (1968–1989).

With the founding of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg near Vienna , he and the employees of his department were involved in international research in the field of modeling health systems. Since 1975 he has turned to problems of medical informatics again and was able to promote the development of this discipline in the GDR conceptually and through the supervision of dissertations.

The cooperation with the IIASA also gave him the opportunity to get to know the first developments in the field of global digital networks ( Arpanet ). This was connected with the first considerations on the cross-border flow of data. Scientists from many countries around the world changed frequently at IIASA itself, so that he has grown into a network of contacts to which Manfred Peschel ( AdW Berlin ) and his Dresden colleagues Horst Strobel ( HfV ) and Hans-Joachim Zander ( AdW / ZKI ) belonged.

As part of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), from 1980 he actively participated in the international discussion on the interrelationships between computer science and society, including the discussion on the philosophical and ethical foundations of computer science, the responsibility of the computer scientist for guaranteeing human rights . With the relationship to the IFIP and especially to the TC9 (interrelationships between computer and society), the resulting collaboration with Christiane Floyd , Joe Weizenbaum , Wilhelm Steinmüller , Ulrich Briefs and others, his work was about an essential dimension, the analysis of the interrelationships between Computer Science and Society.

As a computer science area in the social sciences, its area of ​​"system design and automated information processing" dealt early on with the analysis of the societal effects of information and communication technologies. Now, however, in the international community, it became possible for him to gain clear concepts from this, which drew the corresponding consequences for the development of computer science and information system design, even against official guidelines.

As chairman of working group 1 of TC9 “Computer and Work” in the IFIP, he was able to bring questions of participatory system design and the necessary unity of information system / work and organizational design into the international discussion and to understand the nature of information and the relationship between formal model and non-formal world, contribute to reducing the vulnerability of the information society. Especially by actively participating in the work of the IFIP, in conferences of the TC9 and its working groups and by participating in the IFIP reader: "The Information Society: Evolving Landscapes", he was able to deal with the various aspects and challenges of the information society in science and economy and culture.

Visiting professorships

He had the opportunity to give guest lectures at Lomonosov University in Moscow, the University of California at Berkeley, Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, the University of Maryland, College Park and at the elite Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge / Boston . For his work in the TC9 "Interrelationships between computer and society" of the IFIP and as Chairman of Working Group 1 "Computer and Work" of the TC9, he was awarded the "Silver Core" in 1993 by the IFIP.

Due to the dissolution of his section, his employment relationship with the Humboldt University ended in March 1992. Since then he has held a visiting professorship in the computer science department at the University of Hamburg and a visiting professorship in the business informatics department at the Johannes Kepler University Linz in Austria, especially with Christian Stary cooperates. He has been in close contact with this university since he worked on a research project in the computer science department of the Vienna University of Technology on the “genesis of information structures”.

Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski with his son Frank (left) in the computer museum of the HTW Berlin (Dec. 2012)

For many years he has been teaching at the Berlin University of Applied Sciences (HTW) in the field of business informatics, in particular information and data management, and he has been teaching in the field of environmental informatics in the fields of "environmental informatics and society" and "technology assessment ".

Fuchs-Kittowski has given lectures at national and international scientific events, some of which he initiated and helped to organize himself. His scientific publications include more than 400 papers, many of them in book form. He has prepared reports on over 50 dissertations and habilitations (including more than 25 of his own doctoral students).

Memberships and honors

As a recognized person persecuted by the Nazi regime, Fuchs-Kittowski is a member of the Association of Those Persecuted by the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists (VVN-BdA eV).

He has been a member of the Society for Computer Science since 1989 , where he works in the "Computer Science and Society" working group and in the "Complexity" working group. Before that he was a founding member of the "Society for Computer Science of the GDR" (Chairman: Gerhard Merkel ).

Since 2002 he has been a member of the board of the "German Society for Cybernetics". He works as a member of the Society for Science Research in Berlin.

He is also a member of the "German Peace Council" and the forum of computer scientists for peace and social responsibility .

From 1994 to 2018 he was state chairman of the Berlin Association of Universities and Science (VHW-Berlin) in the DBB Beamtenbund and Tarifunion and thus at the same time a member of the VHW federal board. His successor in office was Rainer E. Zimmermann .

Honors:

Fonts

  • with Sinaida Rosenthal , Günther Schlutow: Methods to Selct Problems Medicine. In: Norman TJ Bailey, Mark Thompson (Editors): System Aspects of Health Planning. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxemburg, Austria. North Holland, Amsterdam 1975.
  • with Klaus Lemgo, Ursula Schuster, Bodo Wenzlaf: Man-Computer Communication - A Problem of Linking Semantic and Syntactic Information Processing. In: Workshop on Data Communications. September 15-19, 1975, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria 1975.
  • Problems of determinism and cybernetics in molecular biology - facts and hypotheses about the relationship of the technical automaton to the living organism. With a foreword by Samuel Mitja Rapoport and Hermann Ley . Fischer-Verlag, Jena 1969, 2nd edition 1976. Russian translation: Problemy determinizma i kibernetiki v molekuljarnoj biologii - facty i gipotezy o sootnošenii meždu avtomatami i živym organizmom. Progress-Verlag, Moskva 1980.
  • with Horst Kaiser, Reiner Tschirschwitz, Bodo Wenzlaff: IT and automation. Vol. 1: Theory and Practice of the Structure and Organization of Information Processing. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1976.
  • ed. with Samuel Mitja Rapoport , Sinaida Rosenthal , Hans-Alfred Rosenthal : Molecular Biology, Medicine, Philosophy, Scientific Development. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1978.
  • with Rolf Löther: The problem of reductionism in biology. Meeting reports of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR; Born 1979, No. 5, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Technology. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1979.
  • Problems of computer science in medicine and biology. III. Knowledge Colloquium on the organization of information processing "Problems of computer science in medicine and biology", Berlin 1978. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1982.
  • ed. with P. Docherty, P. Kolm, L. Mathiassen; in the GDR ed. with D. Gertenbach: System design for human development and productivity. North Holland, Amsterdam 1987.
  • ed. by P. Van Den Besselaar, A. Clemnt, P. Järvinen; in the GDR ed. by K. Fuchs-Kittowski; C. Hartmann: Proceedings of International IFIP HUB Conference on Information System, Work and Organization Design. Berlin, GDR, July 10–13, 1989 / IFIP, International Federation for Information Processing, TC 9 Computer and Society, Working Group 9.1, Computer and Work Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Section Theory of Science and Organization, System Design and Automated Information Processing, Berlin 1989. North-Holland, Amsterdam 1991.
  • Reflections on the Essence of Information. In: C. Floyd , H. Züllighoven, R. Budde, R. Keil-Slawik (Eds.): Software Development and Reality Construction. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1992.
  • with Hans-Alfred Rosenthal : Self-Organization, Information and Evolution - On the Creativity of Living Nature. In: Norbert Fenzl, Wolfgang Hofkirchner , Gottfried Stockinger: Information and Self-Organization - Approaching a Unified Theory of Information. Studien Verlag, Innsbruck 1998.
  • Information and biology - the origin of information as a new category for a theory of biology. In: Biochemistry - a catalyst in the life sciences. Colloquium of the Leibniz Society on November 20, 1997 on the 85th birthday of Samuel Mitja Rapoport . Meeting reports of the Leibniz Society, Volume 22. trafo-Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-89626-202-5 .
  • with Lutz J. Heinrich , Arno Rolf: Information arises in organizations and creative companies - epistemological and methodological consequences for business informatics. In: Becker, König, Schütte, Wendt ,zellewski (eds.): Business informatics and theories of science - inventory and perspectives. Gabler Verlag, Wiesbaden 1999.
  • Knowledge co-production - organizational informatics - processing, distribution and creation of information in a creative, learning organization. In: Organizational Informatics and the Digital Library in Science. Society for Science Research (GEWIF). Publisher GEWIF, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-934682-34-0 .
  • with Frank Fuchs-Kittowski : Quality of working life, knowledge intensive work processes and creative learning organization - Information processing paradigm versus self-organization theory. In: Klaus Brunnstein, Jacques Berleur (eds.): Human Choice and Computers - Issues of Choics and Quality of Live in Information Society. IFIP 17th World Computer Congress - TC9 Stream / 6th International Conference on Human Choice and Computers. Kluwer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2002, pp. 265-274.
  • ed. with Siegfried Piotrowski: Cybernetics and interdisciplinarity in the sciences - Georg Klaus on his 90th birthday. Colloquium of the Leibniz Society and the German Society for Cybernetics, November 2002 in Berlin. trafo-Verlag 2004, ISBN 3-89626-435-4 .
  • with Hans A. Rosenthal and André Rosenthal: The decoding of the human genome - ambivalent effects on society and science. trafo-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-89626-692-7 .
  • Knowledge management in science. Society for Science Research (GEWIF). Publisher GEWIF, Berlin 2008 (Ed.), ISBN 3-934682-39-1 .
  • with Hildebrand Kunath: On the design of medical information systems and the development of medical systems research in the GDR. In: Birgit Demuth (Hrsg.): Computer science in the GDR - basics and applications. GI Edition, Lecture Notes in Informatics, Bonn 2008, pp. 326–337.
  • Information, organization and information technology - steps towards the development of a people-oriented methodology of information system, work and organizational design. In: Wolfgang Coy , Peter Schirmbacher (Hrsg.): Informatik in der DDR. Berlin 2010.
  • ed. with Rainer E. Zimmermann : Cybernetics, evolutionary systems theory and dialectics. trafo-Verlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-89626-919-5 .
  • ed. with Günter Flach : From atomic stalemate to a world free of nuclear weapons - in memory of Klaus Fuchs . Conference of the Leibniz Society and the Russian House of Sciences with the participation of the German Cybernetic Society, November 2011 in Berlin. trafo-Wissenschaftsverlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-86464-025-4 .
  • ed. with Claus Bernet: Emil Fuchs : The Gospel according to Matthew, an interpretation of the Gospel in the context of persecution and resistance (1933–35). Verlag Kovač, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-8300-6434-3 .
  • On the ambivalence of the effects of modern information and communication technologies on the individual, society and nature - where are the potentials and risks of omnipresent data processing? In: Gerhard Banse and Ernst-Otto Reher (Eds.): Ambivalences of Technologies - Opportunities, Dangers, Abuse. 4th symposium of the working group “General Technology” of the Leibniz Society and the Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, November 2010 in Berlin. trafo-Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-89626-982-9 .
  • with Christian Stary: Methods for the design of socio-technical information systems. In: Gerhard Banse and Ernst-Otto Reher (ed.): Contributions to general technology. Papers of the Leibniz Society. trafo Verlag, Berlin 2014.
  • The Influence of Philosophy on the Understanding of Computing and Information. In: Hagengruber and UV Riss (Ed.): Philosophys Relevance in Information Science. Pickering & Chatto Publishers, London 2014.
  • ed. with Rainer E. Zimmermann : cybernetics, logic, semiotics. Philosophical points of view. Conference on the occasion of the 100th birthday of Georg Klaus . (Treatises of the Leibniz Society of Sciences, Volume 40). Berlin: trafo Wissenschaftsverlag 2015. ISBN 978-3-86464-095-7 .
  • Computer science and society from my point of view - political and ethical thinking in computer science to guarantee human rights. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishers, PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, pp. 445–475, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  • Publications by Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski - a selection compiled on the occasion of his 80th birthday. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishers, PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, pp. 485-511, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  • ed. with Michael Brie : Struggle for justice in ideological dialogue. In memory of the Christian, socialist and anti-fascist Emil Fuchs . Treatises of the Leibniz Society of Sciences, Volume 52. Berlin: trafo Wissenschaftsverlag 2019, ISBN 978-3-86464-166-4 .

literature

  • Emil Fuchs : My life. Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig, 1st part 1957, 2nd part 1959. New edition 2017
  • Christiane Floyd , Christian Fuchs, Wolfgang Hofkirchner (Hrsg.): Steps to the information society. Festschrift for Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski's 65th birthday. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt a. M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Vienna 2002.
  • Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishers, PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  • Hannelore and Karl-Heinz Bernhardt : Alma mater lipsiensis - impressions of studies and scientific life at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig in the 1950s and 60s. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishing House - PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, pp. 235–240, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), e- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  • Michael Roth : Immune Systems in Biological, Information Technology and Social Evolution. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishers, PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, p. 444, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  • Biography of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Peter Lang International Science Publishers, PL Academic Research, Frankfurt a. M .; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Warszawa; Vienna 2016, pp. 479-484, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978-3-653-06277-9 (e-book).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Fuchs : My life. Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig, 1st part 1957, p. 210 ff., 2nd part 1959, p. 247 ff.
  2. ^ Hubert Laitko : As a philosophy student in Leipzig - the late fifties. In: Frank Fuchs-Kittowski ; Werner Kriesel (Ed.): Computer science and society. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski. Frankfurt a. M., Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Vienna: Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, PL Academic Research 2016, p. 242, ISBN 978-3-631-66719-4 (print), E- ISBN 978 -3-653-06277-9 (e-book).
  3. ↑ Georg Klaus : Cybernetics in a philosophical view. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1961, 4th edition 1965.
  4. ↑ blogs.taz.de/hausmeisterblog/2009/09/22/ddr-forschung/ Helmut Höge: GDR research. taz.blogs, Sept. 22, 2009.
  5. ↑ Frank Fuchs-Kittowski : Integrated IT support for knowledge work. EUL-Verlag, Lohmar, Cologne 2007.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Weller : The system technology as an innovative concept. Thinking in systems - a new paradigm for handling technical and natural systems. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2008, pp. 24-38, ISBN 978-3-8370-5748-5
  7. ↑ Peter Gudermuth, Werner Kriesel : Cybernetics and Weltanschauung. Problems, Issues, and Results of Modern Cybernetics. Verlag Hubert Freistühler, Schwerte / Ruhr 1972. Urania-Verlag, Leipzig, Jena, Berlin 1973, pp. 91–126. Czech translation, Horizont Publishing House, Prague 1976.
  8. ^ Karl Reinisch : Cybernetic basics and description of continuous systems. Verlag Technik, Berlin 1974, pp. 19-29.
  9. ↑ Werner Kriesel , Hans Rohr, Andreas Koch: History and future of measurement and automation technology. VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1995, pp. 133-215, ISBN 3-18-150047-X .
  10. ↑ Wolfgang Weller : Automation technology through the ages - development history of a fascinating subject. Verlag epubli GmbH Berlin, 2013, pp. 32–41, ISBN 978-3-8442-5487-7 and as an e-book.
  11. ^ Heinz Zemanek : Weltmacht Computer. History - structures - media. Bechtle Verlag, Munich 1991.
  12. ^ Wilhelm Steinmüller : Information Technology and Society - Introduction to Applied Computer Science. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1993.
  13. ↑ Peter Fleissner , Wolfgang Hofkirchner , Harald Müller, Margit Pol, Christian Stary : Man does not live on the bit alone. Peter Lang European Science Publishers, Frankfurt am Main, Vienna 1997.
    Wolfgang Hofkirchner : Emergent Information - An Outline Unified Theory of Information Framework. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd. 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Fuchs-Kittowski, Klaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German computer scientist and philosopher of science
DATE OF BIRTH December 31, 1934
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin-Neukölln