Odenwald School

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Odenwald School
Odenwald School 10.jpg
type of school State-recognized substitute school with an educational background ( boarding school )
founding 1910
closure 2015
place Heppenheim (Bergstrasse)
country Hesse
Country Germany
Coordinates 49 ° 39 '58 "  N , 8 ° 41' 12"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 39 '58 "  N , 8 ° 41' 12"  E
carrier Odenwald School e. V.
student 149 (2015)
Teachers 71

The Odenwaldschule ( OSO for short for Odenwaldschule Ober-Hambach ) was a rural education home in the Ober-Hambach district of the Hessian city ​​of Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) . It was founded in 1910 by Paul and Edith Geheeb . The school was independent and was long considered a model boarding school for reform pedagogy .

The Odenwald School has gained public attention in particular since decades of systematic sexual abuse of students by various teachers and the headmaster Gerold Becker became known in the late 1990s .

On June 16, 2015, the Odenwaldschule filed for bankruptcy, and the school ended a few weeks later.

History and educational concept

Edith and Paul Geheeb, 1909
Odenwaldschule, the school house ("Goethehaus") in the year the school was founded in 1910; formerly “Kurpension Lindenheim”. Contemporary postcard.
The school grounds with the school buildings built around 1911 on the edge of the forest, from left: "Humboldt" -, "Fichte" -, "Schiller" - and "Herderhaus", on the right: "Max-Cassirer-Haus" and "Drude-Haus" (1927 “Pestalozzihaus”). Contemporary postcard, 1918.
The "Humboldthaus" in the foreground, behind it "Schiller" and "Fichtehaus". Contemporary postcard, 1920.
"Little ones' study" - first class classroom. Contemporary postcard, around 1915/1920
"Goethehaus", 2008.
The site plan of the Odenwald School, 2010

The Odenwald School was created in close connection with the reform pedagogical movement at the beginning of the 20th century. It was founded on April 14, 1910 by Edith and Paul Geheeb . The first school building was the “ Goethehaus ”, which was later expanded several times , formerly “Kurpension Lindenheim”. The purchase of the land and the other buildings were financed by Edith Geheeb's father and Max Cassirer , the Berlin city councilor , who sponsored the Odenwald School on a sustained basis and who had lived on the school premises since 1925. As early as 1910/11, according to plans by the architect Heinrich Metzendorf, the architectural core of the Odenwald School was built in the Heimat style and named after Geheeb's "Heroes" of idealism , consisting of the machine house, the " Herder " -, " Fichte " -, " Schiller " and " Humboldthaus ”(renamed“ Dürerhaus ” by the National Socialist school administration in 1938 ). A little later the house of the writer Wilhelm von Scholz was built on the upper path , which he had built for his wife Irmgard and the children Wilhelm and Irmgard; in 1910 they were among the first 15 children to be taught at the Odenwald School. In 1915 Edith Geheeb's brother Kurt and his wife Eva Cassirer moved into the house, which was later called the “Cassirer House” (renamed “ Bachhaus ” by the National Socialist school administration in 1934). In 1918 the already existing "Sunshine House", formerly a household school for senior daughters, was bought; referred to as the "Drude House", it was renamed the " Pestalozzi House " in 1927 . The next building projects followed: in 1921 the “Wettsteinhaus”, in 1923 the “Werkstättenhaus” with the print shop and the workrooms, which was built in 1923 on the site of a hall previously planned between “Herder” and “Goethe House”, and in 1925 the “ Platonhaus ”, which housed the auditorium in a basement and the apartment for Max and Hedwig Cassirer on the ground floor.

Geheeb felt inspired by the motto "Become who you are" ( Γένοιο οἷος ἔσσι. ) Of the Greek poet Pindar . Accordingly, the school should promote community, personality and self-determined action .

The concept of the founders was initially shaped by the principles of the work school , for example in the introduction of a course system and the waiver of year classes. All students, called “comrades” at the Odenwald School, should be able to help shape, determine and share responsibility. “The Odenwald School is a free community in which different generations can deal with each other and learn from each other without prejudice,” the school rules said. Through the co-education of girls and boys, which was raised as a concept for the first time within the rural education center movement, and the participation of children and young people in the “school community”, the Odenwald School attracted national and international attention from intellectual circles when it was founded and the Weimar Republic . At the Odenwald School, children and young people should receive as much individual learning stimuli as possible - intellectual, technical-practical, musical-artistic. People lived in mixed-age groups, the “families”, whose head was the teacher (“employee”) or a teacher (married) couple and which were put together anew every year. Other features of the educational concept of the school is one among others, the common nude sports for girls and boys, each morning, naked "air swimming" on a specially designated area near the forest and the Duzen the teacher. The school was internationally respected in the 1920s; until 1938 foreign teachers from England and the USA also worked there. From 1924 to 1933 the reform pedagogue Martin Wagenschein was a teacher at the Odenwald School.

The "Community of the Odenwald School" (1933–1945)

As early as March 7th and 11th 1933, in the run-up to the “ Action against the un-German spirit ”, members of the SA carried out “clean-ups” of the student and teacher libraries and a book burn on Goetheplatz. The then chemistry teacher Erich (Esra) Steinitz was kicked across Goetheplatz during the search operation on March 7, 1933 because of his Jewish origin, temporarily arrested and transported to a prison in Darmstadt . When the SA returned to school at the end of March 1933 and Steinitz threatened to be arrested again, he fled to Switzerland on April 1, 1933 . Geheeb, who initially refused to accept the threatening effects of the Nazi takeover of power on the school and his family, emigrated to Switzerland in 1934 with his Jewish wife Edith and around 25 students and some employees, where they founded the Ecole d'Humanité . Under the leadership of the Nazi Party -Parteimitglieder Heinrich Sachs (party membership in 1940) and Werner Meyer (party membership in 1937) which consisted conformist Odenwaldschule during Nazism continued and changed its name since April 1934 as "community of Odenwaldschule". Sachs and Meyer were ready to abandon Geheeb's educational principles for the continued existence of the school and to make far-reaching concessions to the National Socialist authorities. In January 1934, Meyer formulated NS-affine "proposals to set up the Odenwald School as a rural education home in the National Socialist State" to Max Cassirer. In 1938 the newly built sports and festival hall, later called the “theater hall”, was inaugurated with Adolf Hitler's motto on “youth health”. At the school there was a group of the Hitler Youth , which the teacher Jakob Zahrt had founded on September 3, 1933 and which soon grew to 30 members. Regular singing and training evenings for the Hitler Youth, service in the young people and in the Association of German Girls were part of the weekly school schedule. In 1939 the Reich Labor Service applied for the Odenwald School to be taken over; it will not be able to last "since its purpose is contrary to the National Socialist educational community." In 1939/40 the old course system was converted to class instruction according to general plans. In 1940 the entire property was leased by the "Community of the Odenwald School". From August 31, 1941, the “Community of the Odenwald School” and all previously private German boarding schools were under the supervision of SS-Obergruppenführer August Heissmeyer . On June 26, 1943, Heissmeyer instructed Sachs to prepare the “Community of the Odenwald School” for nationalization, which, however, no longer took place.

At the instigation of Cassirer and Geheeb, who did not return to Germany or to the Odenwald School after 1945, Minna Specht took over the school management at the beginning of 1946 with the approval of the US military administration. After the Second World War , the school's teaching system was reformed several times. In 1963 it became a UNESCO project school . The school was a member of the school association View over the fence . In the early 1970s, the Odenwald School's sponsoring association bought the property and building from the heirs of the Cassirer family. Under the direction of Walter Schäfer , the school succeeded in renewing or establishing the reputation of the school as a “model boarding school” for reform and liberal pedagogy, which continued uncritically into the “Becker era” in the 1980s.

Comprehensive school

The Odenwald School was an integrated comprehensive school . Thanks to the commitment of the Freudenberg / Weinheim company, which in the 1960s sent apprentices as scholarship holders for training at the Odenwald School, the expansion of the workshops was promoted, so that pupils can take part in dual training as carpenters or locksmiths with state qualifications in addition to the technical diploma or full high school diploma could go through; Training to become an information technology assistant (ITA) or a chemical-technical assistant (CTA) was also possible in addition to the Abitur. Training as a media and design assistant has also been possible since 2013.

Life at the Odenwald School

There were last 250 school places; At the end of 2011, around 200 students attended the Odenwald School. In 2010 about half of the students from Hesse, a fifth directly from the Bergstrasse district , “just under a third were children of the youth welfare office ”. Most of them lived in family-like groups of six to ten people in the boarding school. The class size averaged 17 students. Around half of the approximately 120 employees taught at the school.

costs

A boarding school place had to be paid for € 2,370 per month (as of the 2012/13 school year); An additional fee was charged for training during school. External users paid a lower rate.

Systematic sexual abuse

In 1998, reports by former students became public that the then headmaster Gerold Becker had sexually abused several students in the 1970s to the 1980s . Andreas Huckele , a former student who attended the Odenwald School from 1981 to 1988 and was protected by the Frankfurter Rundschau with the pseudonym "Jürgen Dehmers", and "Thorsten Wiest" (pseud.) Had written letters to the then headmaster in June 1998 Wolfgang Harder skillfully. They learned that Becker had returned to the Odenwald School as a substitute teacher at the beginning of 1998.

The school declared in 1998 that Gerold Becker had "not contradicted the statements of those affected to the board and resigned his functions and tasks in the sponsoring association and in the support group of the Odenwald School". In 1998, the two “old school students” met with the headmaster Wolfgang Harder, the teacher Peter Dehnert and the former SPD member of the Bundestag Peter Conradi as vice-chairman of the sponsoring association and agreed to deal with the abuse cases, which did not take place.

Workup and compensation

One of the crime scenes: The “Herderhaus”, here on a contemporary postcard, around 1920

The criminal investigation into the Becker case was discontinued a year later by the Darmstadt public prosecutor's office due to the statute of limitations . When Jörg Schindler reported on it in the Frankfurter Rundschau in November 1999 , Florian Lindemann, the spokesman for the “old school students” at the time , criticized the reporting (in a letter to the editor that was published later) as excessive.

In the context of the school's centenary in 2010, Margarita Kaufmann, who has been the headmistress since 2007, attempted to re-investigate the cases of abuse. Kaufmann spoke of 33 known victims and eight teachers who are said to have been guilty of sexual assault between 1966 and 1991. The main culprit besides Becker was the music teacher Wolfgang Held, who died in 2006. Like Becker, he lived under one roof with his boarding school “family” in the “ Herderhaus ”: Becker on the ground floor, Held in the attic apartment. The Frankfurter Rundschau reported on March 6, 2010 that former victims of abuse assume between 50 and 100 attacks on Held. Held went on vacation trips to Greece with his victims, to which he took several pederast friends with him. In the forest hut of an entrepreneur near Heidelberg, he presented "his boys" to prostitution at parties. Girls were also raped and made pregnant by teachers.

The Darmstadt public prosecutor suspended a total of six out of 13 preliminary investigations by May 2, 2010. At the end of May 2010, six former teachers and one student were still being investigated. There was no legal judgment until the end of 2012.

In March 2010, a few months before his death, Gerold Becker asked his victims to apologize in a letter to the Odenwald School and wrote that he was renewing the interview he had given in 1999 (after the first reports). On July 7, 2010, Becker died, whose actions were statute-barred without ever being held criminally responsible.

The management of the Odenwald School initially refused compensation in a letter to the victims in July 2010. In September 2010, financial compensation was promised for 50 former students who were affected. Other unresolved cases should also be dealt with.

The Wiesbaden lawyer Claudia Burgsmüller and the former President of the Higher Regional Court in Frankfurt am Main Brigitte Tilmann were entrusted with the independent investigation of the abuse cases in spring 2010. According to their 35-page final report dated December 17, 2010, at least 132 students were victims of attacks by teachers between 1965 and 1998. The lawyers stated that the documentation was incomplete.

Official correspondence of the school, found in the archive and processed in a dissertation, indicates that there were cases of abuse of girls and boys already under the leadership of the founders Paul and Edith Geheeb. However, in no case was a complaint filed.

In March 2011 Christian Füller's monograph : Fall of Sins was published. How the reform school abused its ideals . Füller calls the school under Becker's direction an “educational paradise with a torture cellar” based on the model of an “aristocratic androcracy ”. He speaks of pedophiles and "childhood robbers" who have systematically taken over part of the school.

Tilman Jens , a former student and until the early summer of 2014 member of the Odenwald School's sponsoring association, published the book Freiwild two months later . The Odenwald School - a lesson from perpetrators and victims . Jens called for balanced reporting: contrary to the practice of the rule of law, innocent people were also denounced as perpetrators or accomplices. At a book presentation in Darmstadt in 2011, followed by a panel discussion with Bernhard Bueb - himself a former teacher at the school - Jens spoke of a failed or failed investigation into cases of abuse. In an interview on Deutschlandradio two days earlier, he had complained about the “hunt” on demonstrably innocent teachers. In October 2014 , according to an article by Deutschlandfunk , he summed up that even if the film The Chosen One was shot at the Odenwald School and this shows the school management's willingness to face the abuse story, further clarification had been increased several times in the previous years.

In September 2010 the victim association Glasbruch was founded with the aim of helping people who have experienced sexual, physical and emotional violence at the Odenwald School.

In July 2011, the then headmistress Kaufmann resigned her position with the task of dealing with cases of abuse since then.

In July 2011 the association Odenwaldschule e. V. as well as the old school student association and support group of the Odenwaldschule e. V. the foundation “Building Bridges”. According to the statutes, the foundation should primarily manage the implementation and support of aid measures for people who have suffered physical and emotional harm at the Odenwald School through sexual violence. According to the Foundation, a total of 536,000 euros went to the victims by June 2016. According to a media report, about 45 people affected have now been helped directly. After the school was closed, the state of Hesse agreed to provide money to compensate victims of sexual abuse at the Odenwald School. This financial help became necessary because the foundation had received no more money from the former sponsoring association. So far, the foundation had, among other things, covered the therapy costs of some victims.

A sharp critic of the previous workup is Andreas Huckele , known for his authored under the pseudonym book aloud How am I supposed to cry? In his 2012 acceptance speech for the Geschwister-Scholl-Prize , he criticized the fact that the school had not done anything since the first article in the Frankfurter Rundschau in 1999.

On 28 March 2019 the abuse victims quoted Adrian Koerfer in time , inter alia, a study by the University of Rostock , after which Becker alone abused at least 200 students. According to research by Jens Brachmann (University of Rostock), Heiner Keupp , Peter Mosser and others, more than 500 and up to 900 schoolchildren were victims of sexual violence at school; more than two dozen teachers and other school staff were involved in the crimes. Her studies on the dimension, structure and perpetrator personnel of systematic sexualised violence at the Odenwald School were published in book form in 2019.

In May 2020, ten years after the offenses were discovered and around five years after the Odenwald School was closed, the “Building Bridges” foundation announced that more than 573,000 euros had been paid out to victims of abuse so far. 46 victims received compensation payments through the foundation. The foundation is aware of 140 victims, many of whom, however, “deliberately” did not apply or shrank from filing an application, “as this would again involve a more intensive discussion of the issue”.

Developmental context

In a summary of the results of their study on “Odenwald School as a beacon of reform pedagogy and as a place of sexualised violence”, Heiner Keupp and Peter Mosser describe the post-war pedagogical concept as a reaction to the Nazi era as one that encouraged children and adolescents to self- and Encourage shared responsibility and create a place of democratic learning culture through participatory learning. "A differentiated and strict system of rules should secure the pedagogical model and its continuous further development." Using the zeitgeist of the 1970s, Gerold Becker, as headmaster, initiated an apparent liberalization process with his reform rhetoric, aimed at "flexible relationship management" and an arbitrary home order instead of a rigid one Rule control. "This created the basis for a system of sexual abuse."

Becker had the upper hand against internal school critics because he had the backing of the board of directors of the Odenwald School and a powerful network of supporters inside and outside the school. “An external school supervisory authority, which should have counteracted this, did not intervene.” A dangerous environment had arisen. “Pupils were entangled by educators in relationships that were characterized by emotional exploitation and sexual charge. These entanglements often happened in largely autonomously organized, family-like intimate spaces. ”In this situation, the children and adolescents had no regulation available that would have helped them“ to expose the criminal character of the involvement in abuse. ”They were prevented from doing so by rings of silence have been to share their experiences. The signals still sent by some remained unanswered. The maintenance of confidentiality structures among the teachers can be explained, among other things, with a lack of knowledge about sexual violence, with the teachers' dependence on the school and school management and with a sometimes uncritical belief in the "ideal world" of the Odenwald School. In order to make sexual violence in educational institutions less likely in the future, Keupp and Mosser recommend "a close interlinking of reappraisal, prevention and intervention."

Termination of teacher due to child pornography and dismissal of the school management

The teacher's apartment of a teacher who has been teaching since 2011 was searched by investigative authorities on April 9, 2014 . The teacher admitted to having downloaded child pornography from the Internet before he was employed at the Odenwald School . He was immediately dismissed by the school administration. The district administrator Matthias Wilkes criticized the school management because they had not kept the promised transparency. The sponsoring association dismissed the headmaster Siegfried Däschler-Seiler and the boarding school director Juliana Volkmar in July 2014. Previously, boarding school director Volkmar had presented a concept for the reorganization of boarding school care, which had been drawn up by a working group of conference representatives, representatives of the student body and a member of the board of the sponsoring association Teachers / home educators should be repealed. The Darmstadt Labor Court later ruled that the resignation of the headmaster Siegfried Däschler-Seiler was illegal and ineffective.

The teacher Frank G., who was released in 2014 and originally charged with child abuse and possession of child pornography, was sentenced in 2016 by the Darmstadt Regional Court to a suspended prison sentence of one year for possession of child pornography.

Rescue attempts and end of school operations

In February 2015, Gerhard Herbert, as chairman of the sponsoring association, introduced a management team made up of the headmaster Rainer Blase (* 1965), boarding school director Sonya Mayoufi (* 1973) and managing director Marcus Halfen-Kieper (* 1967). The assumption of office of Blase, who was still under contract at another school, was planned for the beginning of the school year 2015/16, until then the acting school management was with Jan Fuchs, (senior director of the OSO). The new management team tried to build trust in the Odenwald School and put an end to the organizational failure of recent years. The sponsorship of the school should be transferred to a foundation and a non-profit GmbH . The school association met on April 25, 2015, after which its chairman, Gerhard Herbert, announced that “we had to find out how much credit and trust the school had lost”: the school had not been able to acquire any new money. Therefore, the 2014/2015 school year will be the last. On June 15, 2015, the school management announced that the financial resources for the continued existence of the school had been used up and that the fund solution could not be implemented due to legal difficulties. On June 16, 2015, the sponsoring association reported its insolvency. The new management team was dismissed from the sponsoring association on July 27, 2015 in a dispute with the insolvency administrator because they had doubts about the (financial) future viability of the planned continuation. In an internal letter to parents and employees, Mayoufi and Halfen-Kieper had announced a few days earlier that they were not available because “a 'new' school would have to be characterized by a sense of responsibility and trust, not least because of the terrible past. However, this trust does not exist. ”The insolvency administrator stated in a press release that Halfen-Kieper“ did not meet the requirement profile due to a lack of business management knowledge ”and that“ continued employment (...) not even because of his personal relationship with Mayoufi at an equal management level be".

Both successfully took legal action against the (immediate) dismissals in court. In the course of spring 2015, the students tried to save the Odenwald School by posting posters and appealing for donations. By June 2015 they managed to collect the total amount of 2.5 million euros that was needed for a continuation. Nevertheless, for unknown reasons, the Ministry of Culture decided not to approve its continuation.

After the State Audit Office saw no "economic viability" for continued operation, the Ministry of Education and Social Affairs, as the responsible authorities, did not issue an operating permit for the planned continuation of the Odenwald School under a new name on September 2, 2015 and revoked all existing permits of the previous Odenwald School. In February 2016, the school grounds with its listed buildings were put up for sale by the insolvency administrator. A group of parents and sponsors who had previously tried to continue running the school under the name of Schuldorf Lindenstein assessed this development as positive, as an investor who had been interested for a long time could now come into play. The movable inventory of the classrooms and workshops as well as the library were auctioned in August 2016, the proceeds went into the bankruptcy estate. Some pieces of land on the former school premises had already been sold at this point, and concrete negotiations were in progress for the remaining properties. The property was sold to a Mannheim entrepreneurial family in November 2016. It was initially agreed not to disclose the exact identity of the buyer and his plans for the site. However, the building ensemble is to be preserved in terms of monument protection and given a new use. After the sale became known, the initiative consisting of parents and sponsors, which had sought to continue the school on a smaller scale as Schuldorf Lindenstein , announced the end of its efforts. With the sale to the Mannheim entrepreneurial family Schaller all plans to continue as a school have become obsolete.

The school's archive was handed over to the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt by the insolvency administrator at the beginning of 2016 in order to secure it and to make it accessible to scientific research in compliance with data protection regulations . The school archive has been accessible and accessible via a finding aid on the website of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt since 2017 ; Person-related teacher and student files that are still subject to blocking periods can be used to a limited extent.

Assumption of responsibility for home supervision after the boarding school has closed

After the operating permit for home operation and the school permits had not been transferred to the planned "School Village Lindenstein", the State of Hesse took over the financing of the scientific processing of the abuse connections by the IPP Munich and the University of Rostock, which was commissioned by the Odenwald School's sponsoring association. The results were presented by both institutes in spring 2019. In this context, the Hessian Minister of Social Affairs, Kai Klose , admitted the failure of state supervisory authorities: "For the failure of state agencies, I apologize to all those who have suffered."

Ober-Hambach residential park and commemoration

Daniel Brenner: Germination and Growth . Memorial in memory of those affected by sexual violence at the Odenwald School, 2010.

In April 2017, the new owner, the Mannheim advertising agency Schaller & Partner, presented plans according to which a residential and holiday park for 300 people should be built on the site of the former Odenwald School by 2020. Adjacent meadows were bought and the area was enlarged to more than 45 hectares. The planned “Ober-Hambach residential park” will also include sports fields and holiday apartments. In addition, a small museum on the history of the Odenwald School was planned. The letting of the successively renovated and modernized houses and apartments in the new "Wohnpark Ober-Hambach" began in 2018. Long-term tenants are already living in the Wettsteinhaus, the former middle-class center, the old locksmith's shop and the Herderhaus, and the Fichte and Schillerhaus will follow as long-term rental properties (status February 2019). The projected museum resp. a memorial room in one of the school buildings could not be realized for financial reasons; Glasbruch eV was unable to bear the necessary rental costs. Dieter Schaller only assured that the metal sculpture "Germs and Waxes", erected in 2010 to commemorate the victims behind the laboratory building by the former student Daniel Brenner , executed by the art locksmith Martial Herbst, could remain on the site.

Former headmasters

  • 1910–1933: Paul Geheeb
  • 1934–1945: Heinrich Sachs, until 1939 together with Werner Meyer
  • 1945–1951: Minna Specht
  • 1951–1962: Kurt Zier
  • 1962–1972: Walter Schäfer
  • 1972–1985: Gerold Becker
  • 1985–1999: Wolfgang Harder
  • 1999-2007: Whitney Sterling
  • 2007–2011: Margarita Kaufmann
  • 2011–2012: Katrin Höhmann (acting school director,) Roland Kubitza (boarding school director)
  • 2012–2013: Meto Salijevic (management), Katrin Höhmann (school management), Roland Kubitza (boarding school management)
  • 2013–2014: Meto Salievic (management) Siegfried Däschler-Seiler (school management), Juliana Volkmar (boarding school management)
  • 2014: Meto Salijevic (Management) Jan Fuchs (School Management, acting)
  • 2015: Marcus Halfen-Kieper (managing director), Jan Fuchs (school director, acting), Sonya Mayoufi (boarding school director)

Former teachers (selection)

  • Hartmut Alphei (1940–2020), history teacher, social studies, social studies and Latin from 1970 to 2002, editor of several OSO booklets , author of various essays on school history
  • Salman Ansari (* 1941), Dr. rer. nat., chemistry teacher from 1974 to 2005, pedagogical director of the CTA project, was the only teacher in 1998 to unreservedly support the students affected by the abuse
  • Gerold Becker (1936-2010), teacher (religion, philosophy, pedagogy, psychology) from 1969 to 1985 and again in 1998, headmaster from 1972 to 1985, abuser, "main offender"
  • Otto Friedrich Bollnow (1903–1991), philosopher and pedagogue, teacher 1925–1926
  • Reimund Bommes (* 1952), teacher in mathematics and physics from 1980 to 2009, school conference leader, IT officer at the school
  • Klaus Bregler (* 1940), 1976–2005 teacher of German, history and sports, was considered a critic of the headmaster Gerold Becker
  • Karl Büchsenschütz (* 1942), 1960–1963 pupil, 1971–1981 teacher and deputy headmaster under Gerold Becker.
  • Reinhard Buchwald (1884–1983), Dr. phil., literary and art historian, reform pedagogue, teacher from 1932
  • Bernhard Bueb (* 1938), Dr. phil., teacher and educator from 1972 to 1974
  • Benita von Daublebsky (1937–2019), school psychologist, teacher 1971 to 1973, on the school board from 1988 to 2010
  • Peter Dehnert (* 1944), teacher since 1979, taught chemistry and general natural sciences, member of the CTA project; next to Wolfgang Harder as a school representative at the Frankfurt conversation in 1998 with the former students Huckele and "Wiest"
  • Wolfgang Edelstein (1929–2020), Dr. phil., social scientist and educational scientist, director at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development , teacher from 1954 to 1964, from 1961 to 1964 also director of studies
  • Otto Erdmann (1883–1960), friend and former colleague of Paul Geheeb, first director of studies, played a decisive role in organizing the course
  • Edith Geheeb (1885–1982), reform pedagogue, founder of the school
  • Paul Geheeb (1870–1961), reform pedagogue, founder of the school
  • Philipp Harth (1885–1968), sculptor, teacher of art education from around 1920 to 1930
  • Wolfgang Held (1924–2006), adopted son of Wolfgang Fortner , music teacher from 1966 to 1989, abuser, "main offender"
  • Siegfried Helmer (born 1933), Dr. theol. (ev.), religion teacher, social studies, philosophy and politics from 1970 to 1996
  • Elisabeth Huguenin (1885–1970), French teacher 1915–1919, publications on the Odenwald School (1926) and on education and women's issues
  • Heinrich Jacoby (1889–1964), musician, from 1919 to 1922 head of music education
  • Annemarie von Jakimow-Kruse (1889–1977) and Igor von Jakimow (1885–1962), drawing and art teachers from 1923 to 1933
  • Ernest Jouhy (actually Ernst Jablonski) (1913–1988), cultural scientist, Resistance member, teacher from 1951 to 1968
  • Jürgen Kahle (1931–2012), co-founder of the Burg Waldeck Festival ; Teacher from 1968 to 1992, abuser, "main offender"
  • Rosa Katz (1885–1976), educator and psychologist
  • Alwine von Keller (1878–1965), pedagogue and psychoanalyst, since 1916 teacher at the Odenwald School
  • Werner Kirchner (1885–1961), teacher from around 1923 to 1933
  • Thomas Knop († 2011), German, English and French teacher from 1967 to 1996
  • Alfred Landé (1888–1976), physicist, music teacher from around December 1918
  • Herta and Uwe Lau, teachers from 1971 to 1976, resigned in protest against the school management and their administration
  • Werner Meyer (1899–1977), Dr. phil., since 1927 teacher of German, history and ancient languages, from 1934 to 1939 with Heinrich Sachs headmaster
  • Henner Müller-Holtz (born 1938), student from 1955 to 1959; Teacher for German, English and history from 1969 to 2001
  • Chaim Müntz (1884–1956), Dr. phil., mathematician and philosopher, 1914–1916 teacher at the Odenwald School
  • Rodolfo Olgiati (1905–1986), Swiss educator; Teacher from 1929 to 1932
  • Alexander Priebe (born 1962), Dr., sports teacher since 1991, head of the archive of the Odenwald School since 2002
  • Paul Reiner (1886–1932), chemistry and physics, teacher during the First World War
  • Anatol von Roessel (1877–1967), pianist and music teacher
  • Barbara Schweigkofler , († 2009), teacher from 1965 to 1995, together with Gerold Becker editing OSO issues 1–9 and, with Wolfgang Harder, 10–15. Her husband Günther Schweigkofler was managing director of the Odenwald School from 1965 to 1995
  • Eva Seligmann (1912–1997), reform pedagogue, teacher from 1947 to 1951
  • Theodor Spira (1885–1961), Dr. phil., English studies, English teacher around 1915–1922
  • Rosemarie Stein (born 1924), teacher 1949–1985
  • Erich (Esra) Steinitz (1902–2001), Dr. phil., chemistry teacher 1929–1933, first victim of the SA measures in March 1933 due to his Jewish origins
  • Wilfried Steinbrenner (1943–1975), composer and musician, music teacher from 1967 to 1969
  • Jutta Strippel (* 1944), Dr. phil., teacher since 1976, taught German and Latin, since 1980 director of studies
  • Peter Suhrkamp (1891–1959), publisher
  • Gerhard Trapp (born 1938), Dr. phil., German teacher 1966 to 1968 (dismissed), literary critic, abuser, "main offender"
  • Martin Wagenschein (1896–1988), educator; Teacher from 1924 to 1933
  • Dagny Wasmund (1933–2015), Dr. phil., teacher, German, French, social studies, since 1978
  • Dietrich Willier (1945–2009), art teacher and journalist ( taz co-founder), teacher from 1969 to 1972, abuser, "main perpetrator"
  • Ruth Zechlin (1899–1966), works teacher
  • Eduard Zuckmayer (1890–1972), music pedagogue, teacher 1934/35

Former students (selection)

School publications

The Odenwaldschule published several periodicals , series of publications and commemorative publications with essays, reports and speeches by their leaders, educational staff and students: "Der Waldkauz" (1920/21), "Der Neue Waldkauz", ed. von Schülern (1927–1934), “Der Lindenstein” (1943–1944), “Kauz im Spiegel”, magazine (1951–1955), “OSO-Hefte. Reports from the Odenwald School ”, ed. from the parliament of the Odenwaldschule (1955–1969), “Series of publications of the Odenwaldschule Oberhambach” (1960–1963), “Education and Teaching Today - Contributions to Theory and Practice”, ed. v. Wolfgang Edelstein and Walter Schäfer (1963–1972), “OSO-Hefte. New episode ", ed. on behalf of the conference (1970–2011) by Gerold Becker (issue 1–9), Wolfgang Harder (issue 10–15), Whitney Sterling (issue 16–18) and Margarita Kaufmann (from issue 19), including various "themed issues" , and the “OSO-Nachrichten” (1973–2010).

Movies

Several films were made on the subject of the Odenwald School, two of them directed by Christoph Röhl :

  • And we're not the only ones . Director: Christoph Röhl; Producers: Dirk Wilutzky , Anja Wedell; Editors: Inge Classen, Udo Bremer. A production by Herbstfilm on behalf of 3Sat 2011, 85 min
  • Closed society. Direction: Luzia Schmid & Regina Schilling; Camera: Johann Feindt, Hajo Schomerus, Jörg Adams; Editor: Barbara Gies. A production by zero one film on behalf of SWR and HR 2011, 90 min
  • The Chosen , fictional drama broadcast on October 1, 2014 on ARD . Director: Christoph Röhl, 2014

literature

  • Elisabeth Huguenin: The Odenwaldschule , translated from the French by Emmi Hirschberg, with a foreword by Peter Petersen on "The position of the rural education home in German education in the 20th century" (= research and works on educational science , edited by Peter Petersen, 5. Volume), Böhhlau, Weimar 1926.
  • Dennis Shirley: The Politics of Progressive Education. The Odenwald School in Nazi Germany . Cambridge, Harvard University Press 1992; Translation: Reform Education in National Socialism. The Odenwald School 1910 to 1945 . Beltz Juventa, Weinheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-7799-2235-3 .
  • Christl Stark: Idea and design of a school in the judgment of the parents. A documentation about the Odenwald School at the time of its founder and director Paul Geheeb (1910–1934) . Dissertation , University of Education Heidelberg 1998. ( Online (PDF) ; accessed March 31, 2019.)
  • Martin Näf: Paul and Edith Geheeb-Cassirer. Founder of the Odenwald School and the Ecole d'Humanité. German, international and Swiss reform pedagogy 1910–1961. Weinheim 2006, ISBN 3-407-32071-X .
  • Margarita Kaufmann and Alexander Priebe (eds.): 100 years of the Odenwald School. The changeful path of a reform school , Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86650-018-1 .
  • Jürgen Dehmers: How loud should I still scream? The Odenwald School and sexual abuse . Rowohlt, Reinbek near Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-498-01332-5 .
  • Christian Füller: Fall of Man. How the reform school abused its ideals . Dumont, Cologne 2011, ISBN 978-3-8321-9634-9 .
  • Tilman Jens: Fair game. The Odenwald School - a lesson from perpetrators and victims . Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2011, ISBN 978-3-579-06744-5 .
  • Jürgen Oelkers : Eros and domination. The dark sides of reform pedagogy. Beltz, Weinheim / Basel 2011, ISBN 978-3-407-85937-2 .
  • Moritz von Uslar : Usli, why don't you disagree? . In: The time . No. 24, June 5, 2014, p. 56.
  • Damian Miller, Jürgen Oelkers (eds.): Reform pedagogy after the Odenwald school - what next? Beltz, Weinheim / Basel 2014, ISBN 978-3-7799-2929-1 .
  • Jürgen Oelkers: Education, Elite, Abuse. The “career” of Gerold Becker. Beltz, Weinheim / Basel 2016, ISBN 978-3-7799-3345-8 .
  • Lars Adler : The archive of the Odenwald School. On the transmission of the ambivalent history of a reform school over 100 years old in the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt. In: Archive news from Hessen. No. 17/2, 2017, pp. 37–41.
  • Jens Brachmann : Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexual violence. With the collaboration of Andreas Langfeld, Bastian Schwennigcke and Steffen Marseille. Julius Klinkhardt Publishing House, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, ISBN 978-3-7815-2299-2 .
  • Heiner Keupp / Peter Mosser / Bettina Busch / Gerhard Hackenschmied / Florian Straus / Jens Brachmann: The Odenwald School as a beacon of reform pedagogy and as a place of sexualised violence: a socio-psychological perspective. Springer, Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-658-23362-4 .

Web links

Commons : Odenwaldschule  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b New management at the Odenwald School. (No longer available online.) In: Spiegel Online. September 2, 2011, archived from the original on February 6, 2015 ; Retrieved December 7, 2014 .
  2. ↑ Heike Schmoll, Ober-Hambach: About the lowlands from the valley. In: faz.net. August 22, 2011, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  3. ↑ ECHO Online - Entry into a new job description: Education - Odenwaldschule Ober-Hambach offers design and media technology training after the holidays. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 29, 2014 ; accessed on November 21, 2014 .
  4. ^ Arnulf Moser: Wilhelm von Scholz. The poet's family and the Odenwald school , in: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 128th issue 2010, Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2010, pp. 169–179; Digitized.
  5. ↑ See Margarita Kaufmann and Alexander Priebe (eds.): 100 years of the Odenwald School. The changeful path of a reform school , Berlin, Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg 2010; here the chapter: Alexander Priebe: “No 'Gothic' barracks and no castle”. On the building history of the Odenwald School , pp. 211–223.
  6. ↑ Martin Näf: Paul and Edith Geheeeb-Cassierer . Beltz, Weinheim 2006, ISBN 3-407-32071-X , p. 173, ff .
  7. ↑ Martin Näf: Paul Geheeb and Edith Geheeb-Cassierer . Beltz, Weinheim 2006, ISBN 3-407-32071-X , p. 150 ff .
  8. ↑ Nude sports lessons in the Odenwald School. ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ See Dennis Shirley: Reform pedagogy in National Socialism. The Odenwald School 1910 to 1945 , Beltz Juventa, Weinheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-7799-2235-3 , pp. 114–119.
  10. ↑ On Werner Meyer and the "Community of the Odenwald School" led by him and Heinrich Sachs see: Dennis Shirley: Reform pedagogy in National Socialism. The Odenwald School 1910 to 1945 , Beltz Juventa, Weinheim 2010, here pp. 218–231.
  11. ↑ Cf. Werner Meyer / Heinrich Sachs: Community of the Odenwald School. Photo report , Heppenheim, Association of the Odenwald School eV 1938.
  12. ↑ See Dennis Shirley: Reform pedagogy in National Socialism. The Odenwald School 1910 to 1945 , Beltz Juventa, Weinheim 2010, p. 165 ff.
  13. ^ Dennis Shirley: Reform pedagogy in National Socialism. The Odenwald School 1910 to 1945 , Weinheim and Munich, Juventa Verlag 2010, p. 229.
  14. ↑ On the chronicle of these years cf. Walter Schäfer: The Odenwald School 1910–1960. The way of a free school , series of publications of the Odenwaldschule , issue 1, Heppenheim, 1960, p. 123.
  15. ↑ Melanie Mühl: The end of childhood. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. May 22, 2010, pp. 31-33.
  16. ↑ internate-portal.de: Odenwaldschule. ( Memento of April 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved January 28, 2013.
  17. ↑ Orientation and order. ( Memento from July 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Bergsträßer Anzeiger. March 2, 2010.
  18. ↑ a b Jörg Schindler: The paint is off. In: Frankfurter Rundschau . November 17, 1999, accessed August 9, 2011 .
  19. ↑ Jörg Schindler: Abuse and cover-up: Chronicle of the scandal. In: Frankfurter Rundschau . April 16, 2010.
  20. ^ Peter Hanack: Kinderschutzbund dismisses managing director. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. April 16, 2010.
  21. ↑ Birger Menke: Discrete into disaster. In: Spiegel Online. March 17, 2010, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  22. ↑ Andreas Späth, Menno Aden (Ed.): The abused Republic - Enlightenment about the Enlightenment. Inspiration Unlimited, Hamburg 2010 (pp. 114ff.); see. also: Christian Füller: How pedophile conspirators hijacked the reform school , Spiegel online , March 15, 2011.
  23. ↑ Jörg Schindler: Abuse at the Odenwald School - bullied, beaten, raped. ( Memento from March 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: Frankfurter Rundschau Online. March 6, 2010.
  24. ↑ On the main culprit Wolfgang Held cf. in conclusion: Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwaldschule. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Publishing House, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter The main perpetrator Wolfgang H. , pp. 60–95.
  25. ↑ I still feel the fear today Interview with A. Koerfer. In: THE TIME. No. 14, March 28, 2019, No. 14, p. 12.
  26. ↑ Famous Odenwald students … Press release from September 28, 2010. (No longer available online.) In: gegenexuellegewalt.at. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on March 13, 2015 .
  27. ↑ Melanie Mühl: The end of childhood. In: faz.net. May 25, 2010, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  28. ↑ Former headmaster apologizes. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung Online (faz.net). Retrieved March 19, 2010 .
  29. ↑ The former director of the Odenwald School has died. In: The world. Retrieved July 26, 2010 .
  30. ↑ Odenwaldschule refuses compensation. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. Retrieved July 26, 2010 .
  31. ↑ Victims of abuse have to wait. (No longer available online.) In: Frankfurter Rundschau. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved October 22, 2010 .
  32. ↑ Claudia Burgsmüller, Brigitte Tilmann Final report on the previous reports on the sexual exploitation of pupils at the Odenwald School in the period 1960 to 2010 (PDF; 395 kB)
  33. ↑ www.tagesschau.de ( Memento from December 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  34. ↑ Matthias Bartsch, Markus Verbeet: The roots of abuse . In: Der Spiegel . No. 29 , 2010 ( online ).
  35. ↑ Christl Stark: Idea and shape of a school in the judgment of the parental home. Dissertation, University of Education Heidelberg 1998.
  36. ↑ Paradise with a torture cellar. In: tagesspiegel.de. Retrieved December 7, 2014 .
  37. ^ Tilman Jens: Fair game. Documentation of the book presentation on May 18, 2011 , published by the book publisher in nine parts on www.youtube.com , accessed on August 3, 2020.
  38. ↑ Tilman Jens in conversation with Joachim Scholl: “We didn't look closely” . Odenwald School: Tilman Jens complains of “Hatz” on demonstrably innocent teachers. Deutschlandradio Kultur, Radiofeuilleton, May 16, 2011, 3:07 p.m., accessed on May 17, 2011.
  39. ↑ Deutschlandfunk - film about the Odenwald School Stagnant Enlightenment. Retrieved October 3, 2014 .
  40. ^ Adrian Koerfer: School fails again , Frankfurter Rundschau , September 17, 2011.
  41. ↑ Articles of Association of the "Glass Breaking" Association. (PDF; 99 kB) As of October 24, 2012.
  42. ^ Dpa: Abuse scandal: head of the Odenwald school resigns. In: zeit.de. June 9, 2011, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  43. ↑ The founders . Website of the Foundation “Building Bridges” , accessed on April 30, 2013.
  44. ↑ Sexual abuse: 7,000 euros for victims of the Odenwald School. In: zeit.de. January 18, 2012, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  45. ↑ Purpose of the foundation and funding framework . Website of the Foundation “Building Bridges” , accessed on April 30, 2013.
  46. ↑ dpa / lhe: Hessen agrees to help victims of abuse , Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung February 19, 2018.
  47. ↑ Jürgen Detmers: How loud should I still scream? The Odenwald School and sexual abuse. Rowohlt, Reinbek 2011, ISBN 978-3-498-01332-5 .
  48. ↑ Britta Schultejans, DPA: Interview with ex-Odenwald student Huckele: 'I'm not that kind of world saver'. In: stern.de . November 26, 2012, accessed June 6, 2015 .
  49. ↑ Andreas Huckele: Abuse at the Odenwald School: When the victim becomes a victim for the second time. November 28, 2012, accessed June 6, 2015 .
  50. ↑ Pitt von Bebenburg: More than 500 victims at the Odenwaldschule Heppenheim , Frankfurter Rundschau , February 24, 2019.
  51. ↑ Heiner Keupp / Peter Mosser / Bettina Busch / Gerhard Hackenschmied / Florian Straus / Jens Brachmann: The Odenwald School as a beacon of reform pedagogy and as a place of sexualised violence: A social psychological perspective , Springer, Berlin 2019; Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexual violence , Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2019.
  52. ↑ dpa: So far 46 victims of abuse of the Odenwald School have been financially supported , Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , May 18, 2020.
  53. ↑ Heiner Keupp, Peter Mosser: School of violence. The abuse at the Odenwald School could have been prevented. But parents and teachers did not follow up on the clues. This is now shown by new research results. In: The time . January 17, 2019, p. 67.
  54. ↑ Heiner Keupp, Peter Mosser: School of violence. The abuse at the Odenwald School could have been prevented. But parents and teachers did not follow up on the clues. This is now shown by new research results. In: The time. January 17, 2019, p. 67.
  55. ↑ Abuse investigations against teachers stopped. In: Spiegel Online. May 9, 2014, accessed November 30, 2014 .
  56. ↑ Teacher at the Odenwald School under suspicion of child pornography. In: welt.de. April 19, 2014, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  57. ↑ Odenwaldschule fires entire management teams. In: Süddeutsche.de. July 16, 2014, accessed March 13, 2015 .
  58. ^ Boarding school - power struggles at the Odenwald School. Retrieved on February 11, 2020 (German).
  59. ↑ Three for a new beginning . In: sueddeutsche.de . February 6, 2015, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed February 17, 2019]).
  60. ↑ New team to lead Odenwald School out of crisis. In: Welt Online. February 6, 2015, accessed February 12, 2015 .
  61. ↑ Susanne Hölle & Tanjev Schultz: Three for a new beginning. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung Online. February 6, 2015, accessed February 12, 2015 .
  62. ↑ faz.net: New management trio should lead into quieter times. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung Online. February 5, 2015, accessed February 12, 2015 .
  63. ^ Confidence plays , Sueddeutsche.de, April 26, 2015, accessed on March 23, 2016.
  64. ^ Alina Leimbach: School operation secured for three years. taz.de, May 15, 2015, accessed on May 16, 2015.
  65. ↑ Morgenweb: Sponsoring association reports insolvency. ( Memento from October 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Morgenweb.de, June 16, 2015.
  66. ↑ hessenschau.de: Odenwaldschule fires management duo. (No longer available online.) In: Hessischer Rundfunk. July 27, 2015, archived from the original on August 8, 2015 ; accessed on July 30, 2015 .
  67. ↑ Tanjev Schultz: After the abuse scandal: Heads of the Odenwald School refuse rescue . In: sueddeutsche.de . July 25, 2015, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed on March 22, 2016]).
  68. ^ Heppenheim: Discussion about Odenwald School continues. July 27, 2015, accessed on February 13, 2020 (German).
  69. ^ Publishing group Rhein Main GmbH & Co. KG: Ghostly silence in the Hambacher Tal - Lampertheimer Zeitung. In: www.lampertheimer-zeitung.de. Retrieved March 22, 2016 .
  70. ↑ Timo Frasch: With 2.5 million euros into the new school year , Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , May 15, 2015.
  71. ↑ Decision about the Odenwald School | Information portal Hessen. In: www.hessen.de. Retrieved March 22, 2016 .
  72. ↑ Insolvent boarding school: Odenwald School is for sale. In: Spiegel Online. February 22, 2016 (spiegel.de , accessed February 22, 2016)
  73. ↑ Press release of the insolvency administrator from September 1, 2016 (rhein-rechtsanwaelte.de)
  74. ↑ hessenschau.de
  75. ↑ Press release of the insolvency administrator v. November 25, 2016. (rhein-rechtsanwaelte.de)
  76. ^ Dpa: Proponents of the Odenwald school give up. In: FAZ.net . December 1, 2016, accessed October 13, 2018 .
  77. ↑ Lars Adler : The archive of the Odenwald school. On the transmission of the ambivalent history of a reform school over 100 years old in the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt. ( Memento from January 8, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) In: Archive news from Hessen. No. 17/2, 2017, pp. 37–41 (accessed: January 7, 2018)
  78. ↑ Press release of the insolvency administrator v. February 26, 2016: (rhein-rechtsanwaelte.de) (accessed: July 4, 2016)
  79. ↑ HStAD, inventory N 25 .
  80. ↑ Susanne Höll: Odenwald School - place of "neglect". Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  81. ↑ Hessen: Abuse at the Odenwald school is far from clear. March 29, 2019, accessed February 11, 2020 .
  82. ↑ After abuse scandal: Odenwald School is to become a holiday park. In: Spiegel online. April 20, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
  83. ↑ Astrid Wagner: Odenwaldschule: For the time being no compression , echo-online, February 9, 2019.
  84. ↑ For the installation of this sculpture cf. Jürgen Dehmers: How loud should I still scream? The Odenwald School and sexual abuse . Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2011, p. 290 f.
  85. ↑ Astrid Wagner: No Museum at the Odenwald School , echo-online, February 21, 2019.
  86. ^ Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Verlag, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter Der Hauptdäter Gerold Becker , pp. 142–287.
  87. ↑ See Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwaldschule. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualised violence , Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, p. 463
  88. ^ Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Publishing House, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter The main perpetrator Wolfgang H. , pp. 60–96.
  89. ↑ On the role of Helmer in the "System Becker" cf. Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualised violence , Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, pp. 302–311.
  90. ^ Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Publishing House, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter The main perpetrator Jürgen K. , pp. 96–122.
  91. ↑ Goetheplatz . Official newsletter of the old school student association and support group of the Odenwaldschule e. V., No. 19, November 2011, p. 5.
  92. ^ Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Publishing House, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter The main perpetrator Gerhard T. , pp. 38–59.
  93. ^ Jens Brachmann: Tatort Odenwald School. The perpetrator system and the discursive practice of coming to terms with incidents of sexualized violence , Julius Klinkhardt Verlag, Bad Heilbrunn 2019, here the chapter Der Hauptdäter Dietrich W. , pp. 122–142.
  94. ↑ Amelie Fried: The saving hell. In: faz.net. March 14, 2010, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  95. ↑ Ines De Nil : A Rebel Against Contempt , magazin.hiv , Deutsche Aidshilfe, December 3, 2016
  96. ↑ Alexander Priebe: Bibliography of the Odenwald School , in: OSO-Hefte. New episode , Volume 17, Heppenheim, Odenwaldschule 2004.
  97. ↑ Closed society. ( Memento of March 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of zero one film
  98. ↑ ARD is no longer allowed to show "The Chosen". Retrieved December 7, 2014 .
  99. ↑ Constanze Ehrhardt: The many faces of abuse. In: faz.net. July 5, 2014, accessed December 7, 2014 .
  100. ^ Christian Bommarius: News from the reform pedagogy. In: Frankfurter Rundschau . September 1, 2011, p. 31: Jürgen Dehmers is a pseudonym .
  101. ↑ Note: Scientific study at the chair for general education and historical science research at the University of Rostock; originally commissioned by the Odenwald School, after its bankruptcy in 2015, the funding of the research project was taken over by the Hessian Ministry for Social Affairs and Integration.