Kolnovice

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Kolnovice
Kolnovice does not have a coat of arms
Kolnovice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Olomoucký kraj
District : Jeseník
Municipality : Mikulovice
Area : 361 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 19 '  N , 17 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 19 '8 "  N , 17 ° 19' 34"  E
Height: 340  m nm
Residents : 80 (2011)
Postal code : 790 84
License plate : M.
traffic
Street: Mikulovice - Nysa
Church of St. Rochus
Houses by the church

Kolnovice (German Kohlsdorf ) is a district of the municipality of Mikulovice in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers west of Głuchołazy on the Polish border and belongs to the Okres Jeseník .

geography

Kolnovice is located on the upper reaches of the brook Kolnovický potok / Długosz in the northeastern foothills of the Nesselkoppen ridge ( Sokolský hřbet ). In the southeast rises the Vysutá (375 m nm).

Neighboring towns are Radzów ( Wilhelmsthal ) and Gierałcice in the north, Rudawa ( Rothfest ) and Bodzanów in the northeast, Vysutá and Głuchołazy in the east, Mikulovice in the south, Nová Ves ( Neudorf ) and Terezín in the southwest, the deserted colony Domsdorf and Velké Kunětice in the west as well Sławniowice and Burgrabice in the north-west.

history

The village was created during the colonization of the Ottmachau castellan during the times of the Breslau bishop Lorenz . It was probably named after a locator Skoroš , who may also have been the founder of the nearby Skorošice . The first documentary mention of villa Scorosonis took place in 1263 under the villages of the Ottmachau castellanei. The descendants of the Ottmachau judges Vítek and Siegfried have exercised jurisdiction since the time of Bishop Lorenz. In 1290 the village was called Scorusdorph , there was a Freihof and Scholtisei in the place . In Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis is Scorusdorph not listed, instead finds there that the acting on Bishop Peter priests belonging of Waltendorf Domasdorph with 10 Huben . From this it can be concluded that the diocese did not receive any income from Scorusdorph at that time and that the village belonged to the Ziegenhalser Vogtei. Domasdorf later went out. In the 1370s the place name changed to Colensdorf (1372) or Colisdorf (1378), the farm was combined with the Ziegenhals estate during this time . From 1413 the village was assigned to the district of the newly built Propstei Endersdorf . In 1445 the Ziegenhalser Vogt Gerlach pledged the village to the Opole duke Bolko V. In 1555 the Vogt Niemitz had a border drawn between his part of Colisdorf and the part under the local mayor. At the beginning of the 17th century the town of Ziegenhals bought the bailiwick. This also made Colisdorf municipal property, but the village was sold to Franz von Troilo in 1622 and connected to the Giersdorf estate . The place name Kolsdorf has been used since 1638 . With the establishment of a parish in Niklasdorf in 1672, Kolsdorf was assigned to this. The old country road from Ziegenhals to Weidenau ran through the village .

When the principality of Neisse was divided , Kolsdorf came into a border situation in 1742 after the preliminary peace of Breslau ; the village itself remained with Austria, the court came to Prussia and was united with Giersdorf. The Prussian border ran immediately to the north of the village and also to the south-east. The Austrian part was henceforth listed in the Troppauer Landtafel as a country estate, the owners of which were the same as the Prussian estate of Giersdorf. From 1748 the estate belonged to Anna Franziska von Gröbst, from 1768 to Ernst von Hund and Altengrotkau, from 1775 to Joseph von Hund and Altengrotkau and from 1782 to Karl Joseph von Schimonsky . In 1790, the administrator of the Leobschützer estates of the House of Liechtenstein , Joseph Rennert, acquired the Giersdorf and Kolsdorf estates . From 1792 the village was called Kohlsdorf . Rennert had the manorial grounds parceled out and the colonies Rennertsfeld and Theresienfeld laid out on them. In Prussian territory, the Domsdorf colony, named after the desert Domasdorf , was built across from Theresienfeld . Because of the increased population and the long path to the church to Niklasdorf, the residents of Kohlsdorf tried to build their own church. At the beginning of the 19th century, school lessons began in a private house; a schoolhouse was built around 1820. After an outbreak of the disease, the residents of Kohlsdorf, Rennertsfeld, Alt and Neu Theresienfeld promised on September 2, 1832, August 16, in honor of St. Rochus of Montpellier as a public holiday.

In 1836 the Kohlsdorf estate included the villages of Kohlsdorf, Rennertsfeld and Theresienfeld. The village of Kohlsdorf, located mostly in the valley on the trade route from Zuckmantel to Neisse , consisted of 63 closely lined up houses in which 366 German-speaking people lived. The Prussian Giersdorf joined to the north and the Rennertsfeld colony to the east. In the village there was a Erbscholtisei , which was on the hill with some houses, a brewery, a distillery, a grinding mill and a school. The main sources of income were agriculture, especially the cultivation of flax and clover, yarn spinning and the yarn trade. The parish was Niklasdorf. Until the middle of the 19th century, Kohlsdorf remained a land estate owned by the Rennert family on Giersdorf.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Kohldorf / Kolnovice 1849 with the districts Theresienfeld and Rennert field a municipality in the judicial district Freiwaldau . From 1869 Kohlsdorf belonged to the Freiwaldau district. At that time the community had 921 inhabitants and consisted of 158 houses. With the establishment of textile factories, especially in Freiwaldau , the spinning and weaving mills lost their importance. Some of the men worked in the Groß Kunzendorfer and Saubsdorf marble quarries and in the Ziegenhalser and Niklasdorf factories; the women supplemented their income by sewing gloves. In the census of 1890 the community reached its highest population, only two people were missing for a thousand. In 1900 there were 867 people living in Kohlsdorf (with Theresienfeld and Rennersfeld ), in 1910 there were 783. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , some Czechs were settled. In the 1921 census, 759 people lived in the village's 151 houses, including 635 Germans and three Czechs. The Czech place names Terezín and Renertov for the two districts were introduced in 1924. In 1930 the community consisted of 159 houses and had 789 inhabitants (including 690 Germans and 16 Czechs), of which 356 lived in Kohlsdorf, 288 in Theresienfeld and 145 in Rennersfeld. In May 1938 the Church of St. Consecrated Rochus. After the Munich Agreement , the municipality was assigned to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Freiwaldau district until 1945 . In 1939 the community had 762 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, Kolnovice came back to Czechoslovakia; most of the German-speaking residents were expelled in 1945/46 . Because of the border location, there was only a small amount of new settlement; the new residents came from Central Bohemia and Slovakia, including numerous Roma . In 1949 the Renertov district was renamed Vysutá . Much of the houses were demolished in the late 1950s. In 1949 the JZD Kolnovice was founded as one of the first in the country. In 1950 the community only had 253 inhabitants. The school in Kolnovice was closed in 1958. In the course of a Polish-Czechoslovak border regulation, the municipality was awarded the western part (94 hectares) of the Polish tip reaching to the Kolnovický potok with the Vysutá hill from the town of Głuchołazy and joined the eastern corridors of Vysutá (15 hectares) Polish municipality of Gierałcice . Because of the remote location and poor transport links, the population continued to decline. During the territorial reform of 1960, the Okres Jeseník was abolished and the municipality was incorporated into the Okres Šumperk . In 1961 it was incorporated into Mikulovice. The JZD Kolnovice was merged with the JZD Velké Kunětice in 1974 . Since 1996 Kolnovice belongs to the Okres Jeseník again. In the 2001 census, 85 people lived in the 43 houses in the district, 33 of them in Kolnovice (19 houses), 31 in Vysutá (16 houses) and 21 in Terezín (8 houses).

Local division

The district Kolnovice consists of the basic settlement units Kolnovice ( Kohlsdorf ), Terezín ( Theresienfeld ) and Vysutá ( Rennersfeld ).

Kolnovice forms a cadastral district.

Attractions

  • Church of St. Rochus, built 1935–1938
  • Stone cross in front of the church

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Katastrální území Kolnovice: podrobné informace , uir.cz
  2. ↑ Faustin Ens : The Oppaland or the Opava district, according to its historical, natural history, civic and local peculiarities. Volume 4: Description of the location of the principalities of Jägerndorf and Neisse, Austrian Antheils and the Moravian enclaves in the Troppauer district . Vienna 1837, pp. 314-315
  3. ↑ Chytilův místopis ČSR, 2nd updated edition, 1929, p. 533 Kolna - Kolonie
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Freiwaldau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ↑ Základní sídelní jednotky , uir.cz