Koskull (noble family)
Koskull , also known as Koschkull (also pronounced like this) is the name of a Baltic noble family that also came to prominence in Sweden , Prussia and Russia and whose branches continue to exist today.
history
The Koskull belong to the oldest German families in Livonia . They are heraldic and probably tribe related to the von der Pahlen . The common progenitor came to Livonia as a crusader in the middle of the 13th century . The homeland of origin is not known, the two family names probably come from fiefdoms that have been preserved there: The Kosküll farm near Dickeln (today Dikļi near Valmiera , Latvia) was on the Pahle stream. The knight Andreas de Koskele is mentioned for the first time in 1302 as an archdiocese-rigaic vassal .
With their extensive estates, the Koskull belonged to the most influential and respected Rigian vassal families. The family was already widespread around 1400 and settled in Estonia , Courland , Sweden and Finland until the 17th century , and in Prussia in the 18th century .
In the 14th century the goods Koskullshof (also called Stumpen), consisting of Lappier with Carlsberg (today Ozolu / Latvia) and Schujenpahlen (or Buddenbrok) belonged to the family. Pernigel came to her from 1467 to 1490. Later Napküll with Sutzen, Kulsdorf and the village of Lemskull came to them. Until the 18th century Klein-Autz (Mazauce) and Ostrominsky (Košķele) belonged to the property. The Asuppen estate (Aizupe in the Kandava / Kandau district) came to Peter von Koskull in 1719 and remained in the possession until 1793. It also owned Goldbeck and Wisikum and from 1714 until it was expropriated by the land reform in 1920, the Adsirn estate (Aizdzires muiža in the Kandava district).
The family was in 1742 in the Livonian Knighthood , 1777 in the Estonian Knighthood and 1841 in the Courland knighthood enrolled. A Prussian baron diploma was issued as early as 1834, and in 1862 and 1879 the entire family was allowed to use the Russian baron title . In 1803 the imperial count came to a branch of the family and in 1898 a Russian count's diploma was awarded again.
In Sweden, Anders d. J. Koskull naturalized by Maidellshoff and introduced into the nobility class of the Swedish knighthood with the number 248 . His mother-in-law was Constantia Eriksdotter, an illegitimate daughter of King Erik XIV. In 1719 his descendants, the later Lieutenant General Anders Koskull with the number 160 and the major general Otto Johan Koskull zu Stensholm in 1720 with the number 184 were raised to the baron class. The Engaholm estate near Alvesta with 6,200 hectares has belonged to the Swedish Barons Koskull since the beginning of the 18th century.
coat of arms
The tribe and baronial coat of arms shows three green sea leaves (2: 1) in blue (or in silver ). On the helmet with green-gold-blue covers a golden peacock mirror consisting of four feathers, three natural cattails between the feathers .
Count's coat of arms of the Koskull family (1803)
Known family members
- Anders Koskull (1677–1746), Swedish lieutenant general
- Ernst von Koskull (1775–1856), Prussian lieutenant general
- Peter Johann von Koskull (1786-1852), Russian lieutenant general
- Leonhard von Koschkull (1798–1872), Prussian lieutenant general
- Adam von Koskull (1800–1874), Courland state official
- Andreas von Koskull (1906–1992), German-Baltic SS standard leader and war criminal
- Josi von Koskull (1898–1996), German-Baltic writer and translator
Ulrica Katharina Koskull (1759–1805), wife of Magnus Fredrik Brahe (1756–1826)
Mariana Koskull (1785–1841), Swedish court lady, mistress of Charles XIII. and Charles XIV.
Anders Gustaf Koskull (1831–1904), painter of the Düsseldorf School
literature
- Gabriel Anrep : Svenska adelns Ättar-taflor. Volume 2, Stockholm 1861, pp. 486-491. ( swedish )
- Gustaf Elgenstierna : Den introducerade svenska adelns ättartavlor , Volume 4, Stockholm 1929. Online preparation : family and baron coats of arms , nobility naturalization (1638) with coat of arms , barons (1719) with coat of arms and barons (1720) with coat of arms as well as the count's coat of arms (1803) on adelsvapen .com.
- Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods . Part 1, 1: Livonia. Görlitz 1929, pp. 360–374.
- Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods. Part 2, 1.2: Estonia. Görlitz 1930, pp. 679-680.
- Genealogical handbook of the Courland knighthood. (Ed. By Oskar Stavenhagen ): Volume 1, Görlitz, undated , 328-348.
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Genealogical manual of the nobility . CA Starke Verlag , Limburg / Lahn.
- Nobility Lexicon. Volume VI, Volume 91 of the complete series, 1987, pp. 437-439.
- Baronial houses. A 7, volume 44 of the complete series, 1969, pp. 231-249; 14, Volume 88 of the Complete Series, 1986, pp. 275-287.
- Count's houses. A 4, volume 28 of the complete series, 1962, pp. 236-238; A 6, volume 47 of the complete series, 1970, pp. 180-183; 12, Volume 94 of the Complete Series, 1988, pp. 294-297.
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Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch . Justus Perthes , Gotha.
- Count's houses. 30th year, 1857, p. 416.
- Baronial houses. 86th year, 1936 (family series and older history), 1940 (continued)
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Yearbook for genealogy, heraldry and sphragistics . Mitau.
- Eduard von Fircks: The house book of Reinhold von Koskull and his descendants. 1894, pp. 144-155.
- George Adalbert von Mülverstedt : Something else about the Koskull-Medem-Buchholtz relationship and the wealth management of these families in Prussia. 1902, pp. 147-154.
- Gustav Sommerfeldt : To correct some information about the genealogy v. Koskull-v. Medem in Volume X. 1905/06, pp. 251-254.
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : German count houses of the present in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation. Volume 1, TO Weigel, Leipzig 1852, pp. 472-474.
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: New general German nobility lexicon . Volume 5, Leipzig 1864, pp. 243-244.
- Leopold von Ledebur : Adelslexicon of the Prussian monarchy . Volume 1, Berlin 1855, p. 466.
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J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms , Nuremberg: Bauer & Raspe
- Konrad Blažek : Volume VII, Section 2; Supplementary volume : Prussian Counts and Barons, Supplements , 1886, p. 34, Tfl. 23.
- Maximilian Gritzner : III. Volume, 11th section, 1st part; The nobility of the Russian Baltic provinces: The Knighthood , 1898, p. 63, 162, 337, 491 and 497, Tfl. 15, 41, 42, 120, 210.
- Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (edit.): Genealogical manual of the Estonian knighthood , vol. 1, Görlitz, 1931, p. 159ff, digitized
Web links
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Koskull. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Koskull im Svenskt biografiskt lexicon (Swedish)
- Koskull near Ritterhuset (Swedish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Even if Palenberg near Aachen was occasionally assumed to be the headquarters: Stackelberg, vol. 1, p. 159ff
- ^ A b Carl Arvid von Klingspor : Baltisches Wappenbuch. Coats of arms of all noble families belonging to the knights of Livonia, Estonia, Courland and Oesel. Stockholm 1882, p. 79 , fig. 57.
- ↑ Anders Koskull in Svenskt biografiskt lexikon ( Swedish ).
- ↑ Koskull, Josepha Benita Baronesse von . In: Ostdeutsche Biografie (Kulturportal West-Ost); Heinrich von Lersner : Obituary for Josi von Koskull. In: Herold-Nachrichten, NF 15, 1996/00, pp. 17-18.