Fire trucks in the GDR

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The development of fire fighting vehicles in the GDR goes back to the era before 1945 with the designation light fire extinguishing group vehicle (LLG) to 1.5 to 3.0 ton class of the well-known Daimler-Benz and Opel Blitz chassis. The construction of the fire trucks began in 1949 with the first generation of LF-TS 8 vehicles on Granit 27 chassis. Due to the steady increase in requirements in the fire services , a generation of fire fighting vehicles was gradually built up in three stages.

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-Z1203-031, Berlin, Wartenberg, fire station, fire engine
Stamps of Germany (DDR) 1987, MiNr. 3104
Stamps of Germany (GDR) 1977, MiNr 2278

history

With the development of the vehicle industry after the Second World War , the construction of fire engines was also initiated in the GDR . At first, old, intact pre-war models from Mercedes , Opel , Magirus and Büssing AG were still used, but this caused some problems with the procurement of spare parts. Finally, an independent vehicle industry could be built up to meet the needs of cities and companies for fire trucks. The local extinguishing equipment manufacturers from Flader Feuerlöschgerätefabrik ( Jöhstadt ), Koebe ( Luckenwalde ), Fischer ( Görlitz ), Minimax ( Neuruppin ) and Total ( Apolda ) were unceremoniously expropriated and renamed publicly owned fire extinguishing equipment works in the respective city. The necessary political resolutions made it possible to gradually increase the engine performance, payloads and axle loads of the vehicles, which meant that more extensive fire-fighting equipment was possible. The fire fighting vehicles built on platform vehicles from the VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Görlitz (FLG) were initially built on granite 27 chassis from the VEB IFA truck and engine works Phenomenon Zittau , on which the fire-fighting equipment with an inserted portable pump (TS 8) and an extinguishing group were located .

The first generation consisted of the vehicle types Phenomenon Granit 27 , Phenomenon Granit 30K , H3 , H3A , H6 and G5 . From 1959, a more modern vehicle fleet was built up with the new vehicle types on the S4000, S4000-1 , Robur 1800 T and the Barkas B 1000 . In 1969, the last and third generation of fire engines was introduced with the construction of the W50 and Robur- 2002-A chassis. Import chassis on Tatra and ZIL were also introduced for particularly endangered areas such as heavy industry and airports. The requirements of the fire service increased steadily; For this reason, the fire-fighting equipment was gradually upgraded as extensively as possible in order to be able to act as flexibly as possible during use. The fire trucks of the same type should ultimately be able to be used in rural areas as well as in heavy industry . For this purpose, numerous additional equipment was developed based on practical experience and suggestions for innovations by the emergency services and constructed in the fire extinguishing equipment factories, which could be quickly installed on or in the vehicles. For example, special vehicles such as the LF 16 Chemie were no longer used in production, as its successor, the W50, had components such as large foam stocks and foam pouring rods for industrial fires with it ex works by increasing the axle load. CO 2 fire-fighting vehicles were gradually being replaced by complex extinguishing systems in the factories. Occasionally some fire stations were able to build their own special vehicles that were equipped for their needs, such as the fire brigade of the VEB Buna-Werke with their CO 2 fire-fighting vehicle or the rescue vehicle from the VEB Leunawerken . At the end of the 1980s, the regulation followed for the white lacquered belly band with the fire brigade inscription in red and the white lacquered front bumper, which had to be attached according to the relevant regulations. The reason for this was the better differentiation in road traffic, which is effective through contrasting, since the fire engines very quickly merge with other red vehicles in traffic and cannot be perceived.

A vehicle fleet based on all-metal suitcases (GMK) could never be realized. Prototypes such as the W50  L / LF 16 GMK from the VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Luckenwalde or the Robur  O 611 LF 16-TS 8 from the VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Görlitz have already been developed and tested, but had to be discontinued at the direction of the government and were therefore never built in series. Fire trucks on an L60 chassis like the LF 32 could therefore only be found on the drawing board .

Color schemes and paintwork

Former vehicles of the fire police were repainted from fir green ( RAL 6009) in fire red after the Second World War , but the chassis, bumper and fenders remained black. A few vehicles were also painted in ruby ​​red, but this did not prevail. Basically, it was stipulated that the driver's cab and body should be delivered painted in signal red, rims, chassis and bumpers painted black.

Since some fire engines in Hilden , Düsseldorf , Cologne , Frankfurt and Hamburg had already been painted in daylight red (RAL 3024) and bright light red (RAL 3026) in West Germany from 1969, an experiment was also carried out in Dresden in the GDR from 1973 to find different paint finishes to be examined on two W50 fire engines. For this purpose, the bright red vehicles were each provided with a white and black narrow stripe under the window edge, which should contrast with the basic color. As a result, emergency vehicles can be seen more quickly in cloudy weather and / or at dusk in traffic due to the significantly higher contrast. However, this project never got beyond the testing phase.

In the mid-1980s in East Berlin, a Tatra 815 tank fire engine (TLF 32) and a W50 turntable ladder (DL 30 K) were equipped with a white belly band and fire service inscription in red as a test model, the Tatra being the first to have the white belly band around the driver's cab and had construction. At that time, however, this test model was reserved for the capital of the GDR. For the 15th GDR championship in fire fighting sports from July 5 to 6, 1986, all fire engines in the GDR capital were presented in East Berlin on a steering-wheel chassis with a white painted belly band and fire department inscription in a red and white painted front bumper and white painted rims. At the end of the 1980s, the regulation for the two-color design of fire fighting vehicles finally followed. It comprised the white lacquered belly band with the fire department inscription in red (from 1986 on with letters stuck on) and the white lacquered front bumper, which had to be attached to the emergency vehicles of the commandos according to the relevant regulations. The reason for this was the better differentiation in road traffic, which is effective through contrasting, since fire-fighting vehicles very quickly merge with other red vehicles in traffic and cannot be perceived. The regulation for trucks was basically only intended for forward control chassis from GDR production; Different regulations applied to some imported chassis, as the body was also occasionally given a belly band with the fire brigade inscription in red, but the fire brigade lettering on the driver's cab was omitted. New suggestions were always tried out on the fire service IDs, such as the fire service inscription in mirror writing on the front of the vehicle.

KLF-TS 8

Portable fire engine 8 (KLF-TS 8)

Small fire truck KLF-TS 8

Small fire truck KLF-TS 8

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: KLF 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 1/4
Fire pump : no
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Foam concentrate : 0 liters
Perm. Total mass : 2240 kilograms
Drive: Street

In 1961, serial production of the IFA Barkas B 1000 high-speed transporter with a payload of 1000 kg, developed at VEB Barkas-Werke Karl-Marx-Stadt, began . At the same time, this was a new generation of forward control small fire engines on Barkas B 1000 chassis, which were manufactured in series and thus replaced their predecessor, the less powerful Framo V901. Since fire protection had to be guaranteed in the local communities and company fire brigades, the inexpensive variant of the agile small fire engine with an inserted portable pump (KLF-TS 8/8) was manufactured on Barkas in the VEB fire extinguisher plant in Görlitz . The vehicle offered enough space for a crew of 1/4 (5 firefighters, two in the cab and three in the superstructure) and their personal equipment. The vehicle was particularly distinguished by its extended equipment for a fire fighting group .

In the beginning, the small fire-fighting vehicles were manufactured in series in the VEB fire extinguishing equipment factory in Görlitz on closed Barkas panel vans and equipped with fire-fighting equipment and a rotating beacon. Shortly afterwards, however, the half-bus variant with a window on the body was used; in addition, the vehicles were given two flashing blue beacons and a siren to improve traffic safety. In the later years of construction the side flap door was replaced by a sliding door.

In the structure are the seats for the squad, equipment boxes and, for easier removal of the heavy equipment, a device slide that can be pulled out to the rear. The device carriage is mounted on an extendable roller frame chassis, which had two swiveling wheels on one side and two rollers on the other side that run in U-profile rails. The following devices are housed on the frame:

The TS 8 portable pump has a nominal delivery rate of 800 l / min. at a nominal delivery pressure of 8 bar and a nominal delivery head of 1.5 meters. In addition, three compressed air breathing apparatus (PA) were placed in the superstructure for the fire fighting team and a gasoline heater was installed in the trunk for the cold months. A hose reel trailer with 80 m B pressure hose for pumping water rounds off the range of possible applications. There are four suction lengths of 2500 mm each stowed next to each other on a roof bracket on the body. These transporter-based vehicles can be converted quickly and easily with various slide-in variants, such as

  • News equipment trolleys,
  • Maintenance vehicle, (workshop vehicle) or as
  • Transport vehicle can be used for various purposes without a device insert.

The Barkas reaches a top speed of 100 km / h with its water-cooled three-cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine with 33.8 kW (46 hp). The small fire engine is still used today in some rural regions of Eastern Germany for fighting fires, removing hazards and / or providing technical assistance.

Technical data fire truck

crew
  • Allowed number of people: 5
  • 3-cylinder, 2-stroke petrol, water-cooled
  • Output: 33.8 kW (46 PS) at n = 3500 l / min
  • Torque: 105 Nm at n = 2700 l / min
  • Displacement: 992 cm³
  • Normal fuel consumption: 13 l per 100 km / flatbed 17 l
  • Top speed: 110 km / h
  • Continuous speed: 90 km / h
  • Gradeability: 26%
  • Range: 420 km

From 1989/1990 there was the B1000-1 with a four-stroke gasoline engine.

Technical data for the hose reel trailer

Hose reel back-up

The unbraked hose reel trailer was or is intended to be loaded with 10 pieces of B pressure hose, each 20 meters long (this was the standard hose length in the GDR, also for C pressure hoses), so that a total of 200 meters of B pressure hose lines are laid could.

chassis
  • Tubular frame with torsion bar axle
  • Track width: 1310 mm
  • Lowest ground clearance: 180 mm
  • Approved maximum speed: 80 km / h
Dimensions
  • Permissible total weight: 300 kg
  • Total weight available: 300 kg
  • Payload: 175 kg
Dimensions
  • Length with drawbar: 2,170 mm
  • Width: 1,510 mm
  • Height: 1,170 mm
  • Drawbar height: 400 mm

Technical data portable pump 8

Portable pump 8/8
Dimensions
  • Length: 880 mm
  • Width: 590 mm
  • Height: 850 mm
Dimensions
  • Total mass (fueled) approx. 155 kg
  • Motor: ≈ 70 kg
  • Fire-fighting centrifugal pump: ≈ 45 kg
engine
  • 2-cylinder, 2-stroke petrol, water-cooled
  • Type: ZW 1103
  • Output: 20.6 kW (28 PS) at n = 3000 l / min
  • Displacement: 1100 cm³
  • Standard fuel consumption: ≈ ​​14 l / h
  • Tank capacity: 28 l
  • Noise level: 90 dB
Centrifugal fire pump T 83.1
  • Number of stages: 2
  • Nominal pressure: 0.8 MPa (8 bar)
  • Nominal flow rate: 800 l / min
  • Nominal delivery head: 80 m
  • Geodetic suction height: 1.50 m
  • Max. Suction height 7.5 m
  • Ventilation device: fresh gas gas ejector

Fire service equipment

Equipment room
  • 3 compressed air breathing apparatus
  • 1 oral ventilator
  • 1 vehicle medical kit
  • 3 suspension lines, 30 m
  • 3 carrying bags for suspension lines
  • 1 portable pump 8
  • 1 TS tool box
  • 1 hose reel, portable
  • 1 hose reel, mobile with 10 B pressure hoses, 20 m
  • 4 B pressure hoses, 20 m
  • 1 B pressure hose, 5 m
  • 7 C pressure hoses, 20 m
  • 1 D pressure hose, 5 m
  • 1 BV jet pipe
  • 3 CM nozzles
  • 1 D lance
  • 1 distributor B – CBC or 2 B – CBC
  • 1 standpipe 2 B
  • 1 key for underground hydrant
  • 1 key for post hydrant
  • 3 coupling keys
  • 4 A suction hoses, 2.50 m
  • 1 A suction strainer
  • 1 protective cage
  • 1 floating buoy
  • 3 transition pieces B – C
  • 1 transition piece A – B
  • 3 hose holders
  • 4 hose clamps B – C
  • 1 hose band carrying bag
  • 1 hose strap T
  • 1 hose strap F
  • 1 B coupling disk
  • 1 C coupling disk
  • 2 buckle straps for coupling disc
  • 1 bucket syringe 10 l
  • 1 hand fire extinguisher (Halon)
  • 1 canvas bucket 10 l
  • 4 signal flashlights
  • 1 hand lamp
  • 1 taillight lamp or indicator light
  • 1 fire ax
  • 1 pull saw, 1,200 mm
  • 1 spade
  • 1 pioneer spade, short
  • 1 breaking tool
  • 1 tool bag
  • 1 working line, 15 m
  • 1 funnel with sieve
  • 1 socket or plastic bag with four A, B, C and two D seals each
  • 1 protective cover for hose reel trailer
  • 1 detector pocket
  • 9 pairs of fire brigade protective gloves
  • Barkas B 1000 fire brigade (7232169674) .jpg
  • Wikimania 2010 (The Witch) 001.jpg
  • Barkas B 1000 (7909395636) .jpg
  • Old fire engine.JPG
  • Barkas B1000 (8122646902) .jpg
  • Barkas B 1000 KLF 8.jpg
  • International Fire Brigade Museum Schwerin - 30.jpg

LF-TS 8

Fire fighting vehicle LF-TSA

Fire fighting vehicle, portable pump trailer

Fire fighting vehicle, portable pump trailer

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF-TSA
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : -
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Foam concentrate : 0 liters
Perm. Total mass : 4910 kilograms
Drive: Street

The first generation of fire fighting group vehicles with an inserted portable pump (TS 8) began in 1949 with the construction of LF-TSA on granite 27 chassis in the VEB IFA truck and engine works Phenomenon Zittau . The development of these fire engines goes back to the era before 1945 with the designation Leichtes Löschgruppenfahrzeug (LLG) on 1.5 to 3.0 ton class of the well-known Daimler-Benz and Opel Blitz chassis. With the increase in the payload to 2.0 t, from 1952 the fire fighting vehicles from the VEB Maschinenfabrik Görlitz , which had long been expected in cities and companies, were delivered.

The group cabin, which was separated from the superstructure, was manufactured in the mixed construction (steel, wood) customary at the time and offered sufficient space for a crew of 1: 8 (nine firefighters). As a makeshift, a stretcher could be hung in the crew cabin for the ambulance. A work light on the co-driver’s side was able to provide better illumination of the scene by means of an extension. The blue lights on the roof of the driver's cab ensure better road safety during use.

The structure was made in the usual mixed construction (steel, wood), where an optimal and diverse rescue and fire-fighting equipment is located by increasing the maximum load to 2 t. An inserted portable pump (TS 8) with a nominal delivery rate of 800 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of eight bar and a nominal delivery height of 1.5 m is located in the rear of the vehicle body. A fold-out slot is located in the rear for easier removal of the portable pump. The portable pump made it possible to pump extinguishing water from hard-to-reach water extraction points or as a booster pump to maintain the water supply over long distances. In addition, a hose transport trailer (STA) with 420 meters of B hose material (in bays) for the water supply was usually carried over long distances, which can also be laid while driving.

On the structure are

  • four ladder sections,
  • Tear hook,
  • Stretcher,
  • Hose bridges,
  • Wicker protection cage and
  • Collecting trays,

which can be reached and removed via the access hatches at the rear.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Granit 27 was the forerunner of standard vehicles in municipal and company fire stations. With its side-controlled four-cylinder, four-stroke petrol engine with an output of 36.8 kW (50 hp), it reaches a top speed of 83 km / h. For fire fighting, hazard clearance and / or technical assistance, the fire engine could be used independently or with the tank fire engine and the turntable ladder as a fire engine.

LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle-truck-portable pump 8-hose transport trailer (LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA), often also called LF 8-STA for short .

Type Garant 30 K

Years of construction: 1953–1961

Firefighting group vehicle LF-LKW-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle LF-LKW-TS 8-STA

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF-LKW-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : -
Portable pump : TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Foam concentrate : 0 liters
Perm. Total mass : 4380 kilograms
Drive: Street

Technical data fire truck

crew
  • Allowed number of people: 9
  • Emergency forces: 1: 8
engine
  • 4-cylinder, 4-stroke Otto, air-cooled
  • Output: 44.1 kW (60 PS) at n = 2800 l / min
  • Torque: 185 Nm at n = 1600 l / min
  • Displacement: 3000 cm³
  • Normal fuel consumption: 22 l per 100 km VK mixture
  • Top speed: 80 km / h
  • Continuous speed: 70 km / h
  • Gradeability: 62%
  • Range: 350 km
transmission
  • 5-speed gearbox
  • 1 reverse gear
  • 2nd to 5th gear synchronized
  • Transfer case with off-road gear and all-wheel drive
chassis
  • Type: Garant 30 K
  • Wheelbase: 3770 mm
  • Smallest turning circle diameter: 16 m
Brakes
  • 4-wheel, hydraulic
  • Handbrake acting mechanically on the rear wheels
Masses, loads
  • Permissible total weight: 4380 kg
  • Total mass available: 4280 kg
  • Permissible trailer load, with overrun brakes: 3000 kg
Dimensions
  • Vehicle length: 6085 mm
  • Vehicle length with STA: 9285 mm
  • Vehicle width: 2114 mm
  • Vehicle height: 2585 mm
Hold
  • Usable size: 8 m³
  • Length: 2800 mm
  • Width: 1800 mm
  • Height: 1600 mm

  • Rear view

  • Crew room

  • Crew room with portable pump TS 8

  • Rear view with hose transport trailer STA

  • Trampe volunteer fire department

Type LO 1800 A

Years of construction: 1961–1967

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPV 8/8
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Perm. Total mass : 5250 kilograms
Drive: Road / four-wheel drive

From 1961, the new generation of forward-control trucks on was Robur chassis from the VEB Robur works Zittau initiated and thus replaced all previous models of Garant 30K . The all-wheel drive chassis with a payload of 1.8 tons were initially intended as the base vehicles for fire trucks on flatbed trucks . Since the principle of converting a truck into a fire engine at low cost had already proven itself at the Garant, it was continued to use it and the slightly modified bodies of the Garant were implemented on Robur chassis. Better ground clearance together with the off-road tires increased the possibilities for use in difficult off-road sections.

The driver's cabs have been equipped with numerous innovations and additional equipment compared to the previous model, including the fold-up windscreen and separate driver and passenger seats. The civil all-round viewing cabin is made of all-steel construction and offered sufficient space for the machinist and the group leader as well as small technical equipment. Initially, the doors could still be opened in the direction of travel, but this was subsequently changed for safety reasons. Depending on the year of construction, a searchlight can be attached to the left or right of the driver's cab by means of a plug connection, which is fed by means of a mains connection at the front of the vehicle. Since the all-wheel drive version was originally a military vehicle, the typical features such as a roof hatch over the passenger seat (group leader), waterproof headlights and an engine crank (when the battery is empty) are present; here the all-round view of the driver's cab is also restricted.

As with the Garant (LF truck), the structure is pallet-like and made of mixed construction (steel, wood and canvas ), where the crew (up to nine firefighters) and the extensive fire-fighting equipment find their place. For fire fighting, a TS 8 portable pump with a nominal delivery rate of 800 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of 8 bar is transported to the rear on a fold-out bracket.

The removal of the portable pump causes some difficulties because the trailer has to be unhooked, as well as the removal through the raised platform. Bulky devices such as two plug-conductor parts and a stretcher are stowed under the tarpaulin above head height. A 0.5 kVA petrol-electric unit for supplying the work lights rounds off the range of possible applications. Six A-suction lengths are located directly under the structure in a separate box. A heater for the crew was installed on the bed for winter operations. In addition, a hose transport trailer (STA) with 600 meters of B hose material (in bays) for the water supply over long distances, which can also be laid while driving, was usually carried.

The Robur 1800 A reaches a top speed of 80 km / h with its air-cooled, head-controlled four-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine with 51.5 kW (70 hp). The fire-fighting vehicle was mainly used in rural regions for fire fighting, hazard clearance and / or technical assistance.

Colloquially, the Robur 1800 was called "fish mouth" because of its distinctive radiator grille .

Technical data fire truck

crew
  • Allowed number of people: 9
  • Emergency forces: 1: 8
engine
  • 4-cylinder, 4-stroke Otto, air-cooled
  • Output: 51.5 kW (70 PS) at n = 2800 l / min
  • Torque: 220 Nm at n = 1900 l / min
  • Displacement: 3345 cm³
  • Normal fuel consumption: 22 l per 100 km VK mixture
  • Top speed: 80 km / h
  • Continuous speed: 70 km / h
  • Gradeability: 37%
  • Gradeability, off-road gear: 82%
  • Range: 400 km
transmission
  • 5-speed gearbox
  • 1 reverse gear
  • 2nd to 5th gear synchronized
  • Transfer case with off-road gear and all-wheel drive
chassis
  • Type: LO 1800 A
  • Wheelbase: 3,025 mm
  • Smallest turning circle diameter: 13.9 m
Brakes
  • 4-wheel, hydraulic, 2-circuit
  • Handbrake acting mechanically on the rear wheels
Masses, loads
  • Permissible total weight: 5250 kg
  • Total weight available: 5150 kg
  • Permissible trailer load, unbraked: 1500 kg
  • Permissible trailer load, with overrun brakes: 3000 kg
Dimensions
  • Vehicle length: 5755 mm
  • Vehicle length with STA: 8955 mm
  • Vehicle width: 2365 mm
  • Vehicle height: 2770 mm
Hold
  • Usable size: 10 m³
  • Length: 2900 mm
  • Width: 2100 mm
  • Height: 1620 mm

Type LO 1801 A

Years of construction: 1968–1976

Fire fighting vehicle LF-TS 8

Fire fighting vehicle portable pump 8

Fire fighting vehicle portable pump 8

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPV 8/8
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Foam concentrate : 4 × 20 liters
Perm. Total mass : 5250 kilograms
Drive: Road / four-wheel drive
Front-mounted pump 8/8
Laterally inserted portable pump (covered)
Crew room
Hose transport trailer as a trailer

The principle of converting a truck into a fire engine at low cost had proven its worth at the time when the options for procuring material were very limited. A complete series of fire engines was thus created from an emergency solution. At the fire extinguishing equipment factory in Görlitz , new concepts have now been worked out to equip the fire engines even more effectively for technical assistance and fire fighting. These vehicles should be as flexible as possible for any type of use. The result was a new generation of fire fighting vehicles in a mixed construction on a truck basis, which were part of the fire stations and company fire departments of the republic from 1968.

Good driving characteristics in terrain, fording ability and climbing ability were part and minimum requirements in order to be able to be used in very rough terrain. Since the all-wheel drive version was originally a military vehicle, the typical features such as the roof hatch over the passenger seat (group leader), waterproof headlights and the driver's windshield that can be opened are present.

In 1968, the fire brigade began series production of the fire fighting vehicles LF 8-TS 8-STA in the VEB fire extinguisher plant in Görlitz on all-wheel-drive chassis of the Robur 1801 A type, replacing the less powerful LO 1800 T type. The driver's cab has been completely redesigned and equipped with additional equipment compared to the previous model. The cabin was made of all-steel construction and offered the driver (machinist) and group leader sufficient space. The blue flashing lights on the driver's cab have been replaced by blue rotating beacons to improve road safety. Depending on the year of construction, a searchlight can be attached to the left or right of the driver's cab by means of a plug connection, which is fed by means of a mains connection at the front of the vehicle. Recently there was a built-in front-mounted pump (FPV 8/8), driven by the vehicle engine, at the front behind the radiator cover, which achieves a nominal delivery rate of 800 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of eight bar.

The structure was manufactured and set up more clearly and flexibly interchangeably in mixed construction (steel, wood, plastic), where the extensive fire-fighting equipment and the team (up to eight firefighters) find sufficient space. The translucent tarpaulin as an innovation to the previous models was also outstanding. The TS 8 is pushed in on the side on a fold-out support frame; thus the trailer does not have to be uncoupled when the portable pump is to be removed. The support frame of the TS 8 can be used as a trestle or as a slide for removal. The portable pump (TS 8) can be used to draw water in hard-to-reach places or as a booster pump or, for foam attack, it can also be exchanged for a flexible foam generator (LSG 4/400 T). These truck-based vehicles can be quickly and easily converted in numerous variants, such as:

  • The crew transport vehicle can transport up to 18 people, here the equipment boxes are simply removed and replaced with benches.
  • The equipment trolley is suitable for rescue operations and / or rescue operations for humans and animals by means of a blown crane boom (1 Mp) on the rear frame. Accessories such as pulley blocks and pull chains are carried in separate boxes in the vehicle. The crane boom is always stored in the fire station , it is only carried for crane operations.
  • The hose trolley is upgraded using a hose box insert, for which the benches are removed. The hose box contains 600 m of B hose material.
  • The fire truck with a rubber tank bladder with a capacity of 900 liters can be used as a storage tank when fighting forest or wild fires.
  • The truck can be used as a multi-purpose vehicle. All equipment boxes and benches were removed here.

There is a voice connection from the crew compartment to the driver's cab, bulky devices such as four sectional ladder sections, folding ladders and tear-off hooks are stowed under the tarpaulin above head height. An emergency power unit with an electrical output of 0.5 kW for supplying the worklights rounds off the range of possible applications. Six A-suction lengths are located directly under the structure in a separate box. Fuel tanks, pulley blocks and chains are also stowed in separate boxes.

In addition, a hose transport trailer (STA) is usually carried with you, which contains sufficient hose material for the water supply over long distances, which can also be laid while driving (in the versions from 1961 onwards 21 B pressure hoses, from 1970 onwards 28 B pressure hoses and from year of construction 1977 34 B pressure hoses of 20 meters each stored in bays).

With its air-cooled four-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine, the Robur reaches a top speed of 82 km / h with 51.48 kW (70 hp; at 2800 rpm). The five-speed transmission is fully synchronized from 2nd to 5th gear. For fire fighting, hazard clearance and / or technical assistance, the fire engine is still mainly used in rural regions of Eastern Germany.

Technical data fire truck

crew
  • Allowed number of people: 9
  • Emergency forces: 1: 8
engine
  • 4-cylinder, 4-stroke Otto, air-cooled
  • Output: 51.5 kW (70 PS) at n = 2800 l / min
  • Torque: 230 Nm at n = 1900 l / min
  • Displacement: 3345 cm³
  • Normal fuel consumption: 24 l per 100 km VK normal
  • Normal fuel consumption off-road: 22–32 l per 100 km VK normal
  • Top speed: 85 km / h
  • Continuous speed: 70–80 km / h
  • Gradeability: 37%
  • Gradeability, off-road gear: 82%
  • Range: 350 km
transmission
  • 5-speed gearbox
  • 1 reverse gear
  • 2nd to 5th gear synchronized
  • Transfer case with off-road gear and all-wheel drive
chassis
  • Type: LO 1801 A
  • Wheelbase: 3,025 mm
  • Smallest turning circle diameter: 13.9 m
Brakes
  • 4-wheel, hydraulic, 2-circuit
  • Handbrake acting mechanically on the rear wheels
Masses, loads
  • Permissible total weight: 5250 kg
  • Total weight available: 5150 kg
  • Permissible trailer load, unbraked: 1500 kg
  • Permitted trailer load, with overrun brakes: 2600–3000 kg (depending on type)
Dimensions
  • Vehicle length: 5750 mm
  • Vehicle length with STA: 8950 mm
  • Vehicle width: 2370 mm
  • Vehicle height: 2840 mm
Hold
  • Usable size: 11 m³
  • Length: 3300 mm
  • Width: 2100 mm
  • Height: 1620 mm

Type LO 2002 A

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Firefighting group vehicle LF-Lkw-TS 8-STA

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF 8-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPV 8/8 front-mounted pump
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : Bucket syringe 10 liters
Foam concentrate : 4 × 35 liters
Perm. Total mass : 5500 kilograms
Drive: Road / four-wheel drive

The fire fighting group vehicle LF 8 on Robur LO 2002 A from the VEB fire extinguisher plant in Görlitz replaced the less powerful type LO 1801 A. The principle of converting a truck into a fire engine had proven itself at the time, as these had good driving characteristics in the field, fording ability and climbing ability. The driver's cab is made of all-steel construction and offered space for the driver (machinist) and the group leader. At the front behind the radiator trim there is a built-in front-mounted pump (FPV 8/8) driven by the vehicle engine, which achieves a nominal delivery rate of 800 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of 8 bar. However, many fire brigades have switched to removing the front-end pump or no longer using it, as leaving the vehicle engine running while stationary, due to its air cooling, carries the risk of overheating.

The structure is pallet-like and made of mixed construction (steel, wood, plastic), where the team (up to eight firefighters) and the extensive fire-fighting equipment find their place. What stood out here was the translucent tarpaulin as an innovation compared to the previous models. A portable pump (TS 8) inserted at the side for drawing water in hard-to-reach places or as a booster pump can also be exchanged for a high-expansion foam generator (LSG 4/400 T). These truck-based vehicles could be quickly and easily converted in numerous variants, such as

  • Crew transport vehicle, (more benches)
  • Equipment trolley, (with crane boom 1 Mp)
  • Hose trolley, (with hose box insert)
  • Fire truck, (with 900 liter tank)
  • Trucks.

There is a voice connection from the crew compartment to the driver's cab, bulky devices such as four sectional ladder sections, folding ladders and tear-off hooks are stowed under the tarpaulin above head height. A 0.5 kW emergency power unit for supplying the work lights rounds off the range of possible applications. Six A-suction lengths are located directly under the structure in a separate box. In addition, a hose transport trailer (STA) with sufficient hose material (600 meters of B-hoses in bays) for the water supply over long distances, which can also be laid while driving, is usually carried.

The Robur reaches a top speed of 85 km / h and is equipped with a 55.2 kW (75 PS) air-cooled four-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine. For fire fighting, hazard clearance and / or technical assistance, the fire engine is still mainly used in rural regions of Eastern Germany.

Technical data fire truck

engine
  • 4-cylinder, 4-stroke Otto, air-cooled
  • Output: 55.2 kW (75 PS) at n = 2800 l / min
  • Torque: 230 Nm at n = 1900 l / min
  • Displacement: 3345 cm³
  • Normal fuel consumption: 24 l per 100 km VK normal
  • Normal fuel consumption off-road: 22 to 32 l per 100 km VK normal
  • Top speed: 85 km / h
  • Continuous speed: 70 to 80 km / h
  • Gradeability: 37%
  • Gradeability, off-road gear: 82%
  • Range: 350 km
transmission
  • 5-speed gearbox
  • 1 reverse gear
  • 2nd to 5th gear synchronized
  • Transfer case with off-road gear and all-wheel drive
chassis
  • Type: LO 2002 A
  • Wheelbase: 3,025 mm
Masses, loads
  • Permissible total weight: 5500 kg
  • Total weight available: 5250 kg
  • Permissible trailer load, unbraked: 1500 kg
  • Permitted trailer load, overrun: 2600 to 3000 kg (depending on type)
Dimensions
  • Vehicle length: 5750 mm
  • Vehicle length with STA: 8950 mm
  • Vehicle width: 2370 mm
  • Vehicle height: 2840 mm
Hold
  • Usable size: 11 m³
  • Length: 3300 mm
  • Width: 2100 mm
  • Height: 1620 mm
  • LF8 on Robur LO 2002A with hose transport trailer.jpg

  • Front-mounted pump

  • Robur Fire Brigade truck Volunteer fire brigade, Thuringia. Aug 1991 - Flickr - sludgegulper.jpg

  • City Fire Brigade Day 2012

  • OMMMA exit (7913765040) .jpg

LF 15

Firefighting group vehicle LF 15

Firefighting group vehicle LF 15

Firefighting group vehicle LF 15

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF 15
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPH 15/8
Portable pump : -
Extinguishing water : 300 liters
Foam concentrate : 4 × 25 liters
Perm. Total mass : 6900 kilograms
Drive: Street

In the GDR , fire engines on H3A chassis were widespread from the mid-1950s and were used, among other things, as fire fighting vehicles LF 15, tank fire engines TLF 15, rescue vehicle (special vehicle for special fire fighting equipment) or hose transport vehicles. The structure for this was manufactured in the VEB fire extinguishing equipment works in Luckenwalde , Görlitz and Jöhstadt . The pump output of the built-in two-stage centrifugal fire pump was 1500 liters of extinguishing water per minute at a pressure of 8 bar. The exposed rear pump and the hose reels attached on both sides were particularly striking in the tank tender. Further specializations and special structures for the fire brigade , such as a turntable ladder , only went into production with the successor S4000 .

Technical specifications:

  • Pump output: 1500 l water / min at 8 bar pressure, equipped with a two-stage centrifugal fire extinguishing pump with a water ring pump in the rear
  • Engine power: 80 HP, displacement 6024 cm³, diesel-powered
  • Speed: 60 km / h with 5-speed gearbox
  • Weight: 7270 kg gross vehicle weight and 2500 kg payload
  • Team: 1: 8
  • Extinguishing water tank: 300 liters of extinguishing water
  • Vehicle dimensions: 7.07 m length, 2.2 m width, 2.78 m height

LF 16-TS 8

Fire truck 16 portable pump 8 (LF 16 – TS 8)

Type S4000-1

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF 16-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPH 16/8
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8
Extinguishing water : 300 liters
Foam concentrate : 4 × 20 liters
Perm. Total mass : 8100 kilograms
Drive: Street

With the construction of the fire trucks on the chassis of the type S4000-1 from the VEB IFA vehicle factory "Ernst Grube" Werdau, the second generation of fire trucks was introduced. The S4000-1 was built from 1959 in the VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Luckenwalde and replaced its predecessor LF 15 on the chassis of the ( Horch ) H3A and H3.

The group cabin, which was separated from the superstructure, was manufactured in the mixed construction (steel, wood) customary at the time and offered sufficient space for a crew of 1: 8 (nine firefighters). With the increase in the maximum payload of the S4000-1 in contrast to its predecessors, it was possible to upgrade an optimal and diverse fire-fighting equipment load. The blue flashing lights that were initially installed in the driver's cab were also gradually replaced by blue rotating beacons to improve road safety.

The structure was made in the usual mixed construction (steel, wood), where the extensive fire-fighting equipment is located. A portable pump (TS 8, nominal delivery rate 800 l / min), which is now pushed in to the side, allows extinguishing water to be pumped from hard-to-reach water extraction points or as a booster pump to maintain the water supply over long distances, is located in the vehicle body. The portable pump can also be exchanged for a portable high-expansion foam generator (LSG 4/400 T) or additional hose material. There are also breathing apparatus and tools for technical assistance under the extinguishing and rescue equipment. A 0.5 kW emergency power generator can be used to supply the work lights. In the rear of the vehicle there is a permanently installed two-stage centrifugal fire-fighting pump driven by the vehicle engine, which achieves a nominal delivery rate of 1600 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of 8 bar and a nominal delivery height of three meters (FPH 16/8). The extinguishing water tank made of glass fiber reinforced polyester with a nominal volume of 300 - later 400 - liters enables a quick extinguishing attack for smaller fires and serves as a compensation tank during the extinguishing water supply. For the production of light, medium or low foam, four foam compound canisters with 20 liters each are stowed in the rear of the machinist's room for a foam attack. Additional hose material is carried along with the hose reel protruding from the rear. On the structure are

which can be reached and removed via the ladder at the rear.

In the 1970s, the S4000-1 was the standard vehicle in fire stations in cities, municipalities and large companies. With its four-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine (EM 4-22) with 90 hp (66.2 kW), it reaches a top speed of 75 km / h. For fire fighting, hazard elimination and / or technical assistance , the fire engine can be used independently or with the tank fire engine and the turntable ladder as a fire engine.

  • IFA S 4000-1 (02) .JPG
  • IFA S 4000-1 (04) .JPG
  • IFA S4000-1 LF16 TLF16.jpg
  • 12-06-30-leipzig-by-ralfr-49.jpg
  • 12-06-30-leipzig-by-ralfr-58.jpg
  • 2010-03-20-wall-berlin-by-RalfR-10.jpg
  • International Fire Brigade Museum Schwerin - 07.jpg

Type W 50 L

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Fire fighting group vehicle LF 16-TS 8

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF 16-TS 8
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8/ 9
Fire pump : FPH 22/8
Portable pump : Portable pump TS 8/8 or bilge pump LP 20/3
Extinguishing water : 200 liters
Foam concentrate : 200 liters
Perm. Total mass : 10200 kilograms
Drive: Street

The fire fighting group vehicle on the chassis of the type W50 L from the VEB IFA-Automobilwerk Ludwigsfelde (AWL) replaced the less powerful S4000-1 from 1968. The vehicle was made with the crew cabin in all-steel construction and offered enough space for the crew of 1: 8 (nine firefighters) and their personal equipment. It was now possible to put on the compressed air breathing apparatus for the attack team in the crew cabin while driving, which saved additional time.

The structure was made in mixed construction (steel, wood), where the extensive fire-fighting equipment is located. A portable pump (TS 8, nominal flow rate 800 l / min) pushed in at the side, which allows extinguishing water to be pumped from hard-to-reach water extraction points or as a booster pump to maintain the water supply over long distances, is located in the vehicle body. The portable pump can also be exchanged for a portable foam generator (LSG 4/400 T), the bilge pump 20/3 (LP20 / 3), foam compound 6 canisters of 20 l or additional hose material (8 to 10 B pressure hoses). With the bilge pump, a nominal flow rate of 4200 l / min can be achieved in fire or storm operations together with the FPH vehicle pump. In addition to the extensive extinguishing and rescue equipment, thermal radiation protective suits, breathing apparatus, lighting set, jump cushions 12 (SPP 12) and tools for technical assistance are carried along. A 0.5 kW emergency power unit can be used to supply the work lights.

In the rear of the vehicle there is a permanently installed two-stage centrifugal fire extinguishing pump, which achieves a nominal delivery rate of 2200 l / min at a nominal delivery pressure of 8 bar and a nominal delivery height of 80 meters (FPH 22/8). The centrifugal fire pump (FPH 22/8) is sunk deeper in the frame than other fire engines in order to reduce the geodetic suction height ( H s geo ) and to fill it more easily via the tank. Two built-in tanks, each with 200 liters of foaming agent and 200 liters of water, are flanged directly to the fire-fighting centrifugal pump via an automatic proportioning device (AZ2 / 8) that can generate mains water, light, medium or heavy foam. Additional hose material (8 B pressure hoses) are carried with the hose reel (HFA) on the rear.

A pump premixer was installed until 1969, an automatic admixing device until 1976 and from 1977 two automatic admixers directly on the B pressure outlets of the pump. Water or foam concentrate (1 - 5%) can be applied via the two B outlets. The automatic admixing device AZ 2/8 regulates itself automatically via the extinguishing agent flow ( V SBL ) and is fed via a pneumatically operated foaming agent pump. At the same time, the foaming agent pump can also suck in foaming agent from external containers or from the foaming agent trailer (SBA 4.5) via a C fixed coupling. It is advantageous that, thanks to the automatic admixing device, the centrifugal fire pump remains free of foaming agent and does not have to be flushed afterwards.

On the structure are

The two A suction lines on the structure are coupled (each 2.5 m + 1.6 m with suction strainer) and stored in the pipe protected from the weather. Removal is quick and easy with an attached leash.

The coupling to the vehicle engine has a coupling disc that is damped against torsional vibrations in order to be able to cope better with steep gradients with full equipment. The rear axle differential can be pneumatically locked by means of a switch on the dashboard in order to generate enough traction in difficult terrain, snow or black ice. The structure is available in two versions from VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Luckenwalde (upper picture) and from 1979 in the angular version from VEB Karosseriewerke Halle , Wurzen division (lower picture). Further construction variants and equipment were made according to special uses (e.g. LF16 chemistry).

The W50 L with its four-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine 4 VD 14.5 / 12-1 SRW with 91.9 kW (125 PS) output reaches a top speed of 80 km / h. For fire fighting, hazard elimination and / or technical assistance, the fire engine can be used independently or with the tank fire engine and the turntable ladder as a fire engine.

  • W50 L / LF16 TS8

  • Fire fighting train W50 L

LF 16 chemistry

Fire truck 16-Chemie (LF 16-Chemie)

Type S4000-1

Years of construction: 1960–1967

Fire fighting vehicle 16

Fire fighting vehicle 16

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF 16 chemistry
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/8
Fire pump : FPH 16/8 - H 166
Portable pump : -
Extinguishing water : 50 liters
Foam concentrate : 200/300 liters
Perm. Total mass : 8100 kilograms
Drive: Street
Particularities: Fire extinguishing system

4 × 30 kg CO 2

  • Firefighting group vehicle LF 16 Chemie on S4000-1 chassis built from 1960.

LF-CO2

Fire truck CO 2 (LF-CO 2 )

Type S4000-1

Years of construction: 1963–1967

Fire truck CO 2

Fire truck CO2

Vehicle data

Abbreviation: LF CO 2
Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/1
Fire pump : no
Portable pump : no
Extinguishing water : 0 liters
Foam concentrate : 0 liters
Perm. Total mass : 8100 kilograms
Drive: Street
Particularities: Fire extinguishing system 20 × 30 kg CO 2

  • Side view

LF 8-LS 1/1

Fire truck 8-lightweight foam 1/1 (LF 8-LS 1/1)

Type LO 2002 A

Years of construction: 1963–1967

Fire truck 8 lightweight foam 1/1 (LF 8- LS 1/1)

Fire truck 8 lightweight foam 1/1 (LF 8- LS 1/1)

Vehicle data

Country: GDR
Crew : 0/1/1
Fire pump : FPV 8/8
Foam concentrate : 2 × 350 l liters
Perm. Total mass : 5500 kilograms
Drive: All-wheel drive

  • LF 8 - LS 1/1 Robur 2002 A

  • International Fire Brigade Museum Schwerin - 01.jpg

See also

literature

  • Frank-Hartmut Jäger: Fire Brigade Archive, IFA-Hauber from Zwickau and Werdau. Verlag Technik Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-341-01242-7 .
  • Frank-Hartmut Jäger: Fire brigade archive, IFA front control from Ludwigsfelde. Verlag Technik Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-341-01287-7 .
  • Frank-Hartmut Jäger: Fire Brigade Archive, IFA Phenomenon and Robur from Zittau. Verlag Technik Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-341-01322-9 .
  • Frank-Hartmut Jäger: East German fire engines 1945–1990, standard vehicles & unique items. EFB-Verlag 1998, ISBN 3-88776-097-2 .
  • Frank-Hartmut Jäger: The fire brigades of Eastern Germany, special vehicles & rarities. EFB-Verlag 1996, ISBN 3-88776-093-X .
  • Ralf Kunkel: GDR fire engines. Motorbuch Verlag 2010, ISBN 978-3-613-03159-3 .
  • Ing.Otto Winkler: Fire brigade vehicles. State Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic - Berlin 1st edition 1983
  • Dipl.-Staatswiss. Ing. Ernst Hagenlocher: Devices and aggregates of the fire brigade. State Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic - Berlin 1st edition 1984
  • Ing.Otto Winkler: Vehicles of the GDR fire brigades application variants. State publishing house of the German Democratic Republic - Berlin 1st edition 1983 / EFB - Verlagsgesellschaft mbH 6450 Hanau, ISBN 3-88776-010-7

Web links

Commons : Fire engines in the GDR  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hose trolley SW 12 on an H3A chassis , Potsdam fire department
  2. ^ Voluntary fire brigade city of Wilkau-Haßlau (Saxony): the fire brigade oldtimers in documentation