Landau (Pfalz) central station
| Landau (Pfalz) Hbf | |
|---|---|
 Track apron and platforms with regional train to Pirmasens
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Terminal station (1855) Through station (1855–1872) Separation station (1872–1874) Junction station (1874–1998) Separation station (since 1998) |
| Platform tracks | 5 |
| abbreviation | RLA |
| IBNR | 8000216 |
| Price range | 4th |
| opening | July 18, 1855 |
| Profile on Bahnhof.de | Landau__Pfalz__Hbf |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Landau in the Palatinate |
| country | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 11 '53 " N , 8 ° 7' 34" E |
| Railway lines | |
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| Railway stations in Rhineland-Palatinate | |
Landau (Pfalz) Hauptbahnhof - until 1874 Landau , in the following period occasionally Landau Ostbahnhof - is the central train station of the Rhineland-Palatinate middle town of Landau in the Palatinate . It belongs to station category 4 and has five platform tracks . The station is in the network area of the Rhein-Neckar transport association (VRN). The address of the train station is Maximilianstraße 11 .
It was opened on July 18, 1855 as the terminus of the Palatinate Maximiliansbahn starting in Neustadt . With their connection to Wissembourg on November 26th of the same year, it became a through station. With the opening of the Germersheim – Landau railway in 1872 and the "Südpfalzbahn" line to Zweibrücken in 1874 and 1875 - which later became part of the Landau – Rohrbach railway - it became a crossing station . In 1898 the branch line to Herxheim was added and in 1913 the Pfälzer Oberlandbahn . Today only the Maximiliansbahn and the line to Rohrbach are in operation; the railway lines to Germersheim and Herxheim are closed, the Oberlandbahn completely dismantled, so that it has been a separation station ever since .
location
Local situation
The station is located between the eastern edge of the Landau core city and the Queichheim district . The southern station area is bridged by Landesstraße 509 to Queichheim and the northern area by Horststraße - also Kreisstraße 5 - which leads to the Horst development area . The railroad tracks also cross the Queich between the two bridges . Almost parallel to the tracks is Maximilianstraße to the west of the tracks , with the station forecourt between it and the reception building . The bus station is located south of the latter. The Ostbahnstraße connects the station with the city center here. To the east of the station on the site of the former marshalling yard, a green area and a pedestrian underpass to Queichheim were created in the 1990s.
Railway lines
The Palatinate Maximiliansbahn comes from the north and turns in a wide bend to the southwest at the level of the local community Knöringen to reach Landau. In the station area itself, it runs vertically and then continues in a south-easterly direction. The Landau – Rohrbach railway runs to the west in a large arc, almost semicircular, around the city and partly in a cut through the former barracks area.
The almost straight line and disused railway line Germersheim – Landau comes from the northeast and crosses under the Maximiliansbahn at no level to reach the Landau main station. The branch line to Herxheim , which was also closed, initially ran parallel to the Maximiliansbahn to the south, although its tracks were a little lower. After both railway lines have passed the southern edge of the Am Messegelände business park , the Herxheim route turns east to cross under the 65 federal motorway . The narrow-gauge and meanwhile dismantled Pfälzer Oberlandbahn was an intercity tram that tied several places between Neustadt and Landau beyond the Maximiliansbahn and led through the city center of Landau. It ended at the station forecourt.
history
Creation of the station
The first considerations about building a railway line via Landau go back to 1829, as a railway line in the north-south direction was to be built within the then Rhine district . This should act as a counterpart on the left bank of the Rhine to a line from Mannheim to Basel. For one of these, very different variants were made with regard to the course - including those via Landau. After the Ludwigsbahn from the Rheinschanze (from 1853: Ludwigshafen) to Bexbach, which was built in the period from 1847 to 1849 and was mainly used to transport coal. Afterwards there were heated discussions as to whether a route on the edge of the Palatinate Forest from Neustadt via Landau to Wissembourg or a route on the Rhine was more urgent and desirable. The military especially preferred the former. The decision was finally made in 1852 in favor of the mountain line after reports and investigations had been initiated the previous year. On November 3 of the same year, the then Bavarian King Maximilian II gave the green light for the construction by approving the establishment of a stock corporation that tackled the project.
Problems caused problems in the course of planning, among other things, the question of the location of the Landau train station, which had proven difficult due to the city fortress at the time . This led, for example, to the Bundestag addressing this issue in its committees.
The military also requested a cellar for the locomotives that would withstand bombing attacks. Another option was to provide the station area with a parapet, gun positions, moat and palisades. The Palatinate Maximiliansbahn-Gesellschaft and the Bavarian Foreign Ministry rejected this, however, as this would have claimed costs of approximately 800,000 guilders. Although the War Ministry and the Federal Committee for Military Affairs insisted on their request, it did not prevail.
First years of operation (1855–1872)
The station was opened on July 18, 1855 with the northern section of the Palatinate Maximiliansbahn. On November 26th of the same year the connection to Wissembourg took place. The train station was to the east and comparatively far away from the former settlement area of the city of Landau. In addition, the city, which was then a fortress, could only be left in the north in the form of the German Gate or in the south in the form of the French Gate . This made it difficult to reach the train station. In addition, the two city gates were only open during the day. They were closed at 6 p.m. in December and only opened at 7 a.m. the following day. This meant that passengers who got off the trains in the evening had to spend the night outside. In 1871 the city fortress, which was already considered obsolete, was abandoned. Their first gap was towards the east at the point closest to the train station. In September 1872 this provisional route, from which today's Ostbahnstraße emerged , was completed.
In the course of the construction of the Germersheim – Landau railway line , the station had to be expanded extensively. The new railway line was opened on May 16, 1872. This made Landau the ninth railway junction within Schifferstadt (1847), Ludwigshafen (1853), Neustadt an der Haardt (1855), Homburg (1857), Winden (1864), Schwarzenacker (1866), Landstuhl (1868) and Hochspeyer (1870) the Palatinate.
Development into a railway junction (1874–1914)
In the course of the construction of the line to Zweibrücken , the railway systems had to be expanded again. The route in the direction of Winden was also relocated in this context in order to enable longer side tracks. The Landau– Annweiler section was opened on September 12, 1874. The first train left the station at 6:15 a.m. and had only a few passengers due to the very unfavorable weather conditions. Since an additional stop was created along this route on the south-western outskirts not far from the street An 44 on the initiative of the city council with the Westbahnhof , the previous station was officially called "Hauptbahnhof" from now on. In the following years it was unofficially referred to as "Ostbahnhof". The gap to Zweibrücken was closed on November 25, 1875. In the same year, the station also became a state telegraph station.
In 1897, the tracks in the northern area were restructured in such a way that from then on level crossings between the Maximiliansbahn and the line to Germersheim were possible. In this context, the tracks had to be relocated in the direction of Neustadt, the previous route remained as a pull-out track. On December 1, 1898, the station became the starting point for the branch line to Herxheim . In 1905 barriers were introduced for the platforms; the use of the latter cost ten pfennigs from now on , which caused displeasure on site. In 1913, the Palatinate Oberlandbahn , which ended at the station forecourt, was opened, an intercity tram that ran from Neustadt to Landau.
World Wars and the Interwar Period (1914–1945)
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With the outbreak of World War I , Landau became a deployment station. Civil traffic initially came to a standstill. The house platform served the soldiers and trains that were brought to Metz via Zweibrücken, drove on the next platform and stopped the trains that ran to Alsace. Only in the further course of the war did the number of troop transports decrease and passenger transport was reintroduced to a limited extent. Nevertheless, Landau still served as a destination station for hospital trains. French soldiers were also among the wounded who were cared for in Landau.
In 1921 a branch of the Neustadt depot was built southeast of the station , which finally operated as an independent depot five years later . In 1922 the station was incorporated into the newly established Ludwigshafen Reich Railway Directorate . After the dissolution of the Reich Railway Directorate in Ludwigshafen, he moved to the area of responsibility of the Reich Railway Directorate in Mainz on April 1, 1937 . The second station building was almost completely destroyed in World War II.
German Federal Railroad (1945–1993)
The Oberlandbahn between Landau and Edenkoben was shut down as early as 1953. The remains of the station building, which had been destroyed in the war, temporarily assumed its function for a few years until it was replaced by the current building on July 11, 1962. Also years after the war, only the scaffolding of the platform roof existed. In the course of the gradual dissolution of the Mainz management, on June 1, 1971, it came under the jurisdiction of its Karlsruhe counterpart.
From the 1980s the station lost its importance: On September 25, 1983, passenger traffic on the branch line to Herxheim was discontinued, the Germersheim – Landau railway line followed on June 1, 1984. A decade later, they also lost freight traffic and became a little later shut down. The neighboring depot was officially a branch of its counterpart in Karlsruhe from 1984 and was completely closed nine years later. The end also came for the smaller marshalling yard .
Deutsche Bahn (since 1994)
In 1998 and 1999, military express trains for French soldiers stationed on the ground ran from Landau for the last time . These drove over the Mannheim – Saarbrücken , Forbach and Metz railway to Paris Gare de l'Est . In the period from April 16 to 18, 2010, the station, which had previously been equipped with form signals, was converted to operation with light signals. The two signal boxes were thus taken out of service; Since then, the ESTW in Neustadt has been responsible.
In 2010 the station was renovated, the platforms modernized and lifts installed, and from 2012 the station forecourt from the 1960s was to follow. The bus station was rebuilt in 2013.
On October 15 and 16, 2012, the Remembrance Train stopped on platform 1 in the station to commemorate the deportations of Jews in the Third Reich.
Buildings
First station building
At the time when the Maximiliansbahn was built and in 1854 and 1855, military aspects played an important role, as the border between the then German Confederation and France was only 40 kilometers away.
The first station building was therefore partly two-story and, together with its outbuildings, made of wood ( half-timbered , brick-lined). The roof was covered with slate. The stipulation was that no solidly constructed buildings should interfere with the fortress artillery's field of fire. So it was necessary to set up the car shed and shed rather modestly. The water supply and the guard house also had to be built in half-timbering.
The station building had a floor area of 495 m². The service premises, waiting rooms, restoration and living rooms were on the ground floor, and two civil servants' apartments on the upper floor. The construction costs amounted to 26,255.32 guilders.
Second reception building
The second station building was put into operation on December 24, 1877. It was a massive building that took 41,267 marks to complete. In 1889 and 1890 he received larger extensions. The building - built in the style of the Italian late renaissance - was one of the most magnificent structures of the Palatinate railways. In the direction of the forecourt, round arches in the ground floor zone emphasized the representative length of the building front.
Third station building
Due to the fact that large parts of the second station building fell victim to an air raid during the Second World War, today's station building was ceremoniously opened on July 11, 1962. It corresponded to the architectural style of the early 1960s. It was also the last new building of the DB within the Palatinate , which was due to war damage. Its construction was controversial at the time. There were voices who favored the reconstruction of the second building from 1877, as in their opinion it was not so badly damaged that rebuilding would have been completely ruled out. A restaurant and a kiosk are located in the station building. The new travel center was opened on September 2, 2010.
Platforms and tracks
The main station has five platform tracks. Tracks 1, 2 and 5 are used by trains to Pirmasens, with tracks 1 and 5 being used rather rarely. Tracks 3 and 4 are used by the Maximiliansbahn trains.
| track | Usable length | Platform height | Current usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 160 m | 55 cm | Regional train towards Pirmasens Nord |
| 2 | 210 m | 55 cm | Regional train towards Pirmasens Nord |
| 3 | 210 m | 55 cm | Regional train or express in the direction of Winden |
| 4th | 210 m | 55 cm | Regional train or express in the direction of Neustadt an der Weinstrasse |
| 5 | 210 m | 55 cm | Regional train towards Pirmasens Nord |
traffic
passenger traffic
Long-distance transport
Around 1900 the station was an important hub for long-distance traffic. Trains on the route Amsterdam - Cologne - Bingerbrück - Bad Kreuznach - Neustadt an der Weinstrasse - Strasbourg - Basel and those from Berlin - Frankfurt ran via Landau in a north-south direction. In the east-west direction, there were also those on the route Munich - Ulm - Stuttgart - Bruchsal - Germersheim - Landau - Biebermühle - Zweibrücken - Saarbrücken . After a permanent bridge over the Rhine between Wörth and Karlsruhe was put into operation in 1938, the express trains ran from now on on the Winden – Karlsruhe line .
Local transport
In 1869 the station was used by 160,636 passengers; thus it was ahead of that of Kaiserslautern , which at the time had only 143,795. In the timetable of 1897, continuous journeys from Zweibrücken and Landau to Germersheim were recorded.
| Train type | Route | Clock frequency |
|---|---|---|
| RE 6 | Neustadt - Landau - Winden - Kandel - Wörth - Karlsruhe | hourly |
| RB 51 | Neustadt - Landau - Insheim - Winden - Wörth - Karlsruhe | hourly |
| RB 53 | Neustadt - Landau - Winden - Wissembourg | hourly |
| RB 55 | Landau - Annweiler - Pirmasens North - Pirmasens | hourly |
Maximiliansbahn trains run three times an hour in each direction: a regional express on the Karlsruhe – Neustadt route, a regional train on the Neustadt – Wissembourg route and a regional train on the Karlsruhe – Neustadt route. A train on the Queichtalbahn runs once an hour.
On Sundays and public holidays, four pairs of regional trains run long distances: the Alsace Express from Mainz to Wissembourg, the Weinstrasse Express Koblenz – Wissembourg, the Rheintalexpress Koblenz – Karlsruhe and the “ Bundenthaler ” Mannheim – Bundenthal – Rumbach / Pirmasens. The train division takes place on this train in Hinterweidenthal Ost .
Freight transport
After the Maximiliansbahn opened, mainly coal trains went to Alsace and beyond via Landau . With the opening of the full length of the Winden – Karlsruhe railway line in 1864, it was possible to transport goods to Baden, Württemberg and the rest of Bavaria. From 1877 Landau was part of a further east-west main line for coal traffic towards the Rhine in addition to the Ludwigsbahn. Along the Maximiliansbahn, Landau is next to Edenkoben only one of two train stations that are still served by freight traffic today. On the Landau – Rohrbach railway line , the goods traffic that began from Landau and which last only took place as far as Wilgartswiesen ended in 1998. A significant role in the decline in goods traffic was that the Federal Railroad found shunting in Landau's main train station to be too costly.
On March 20, 1880, an industrial track was opened that led to the city center. In the 1980s it was shut down and then dismantled. At the same time, a siding was built in the Mörlheim industrial area, which branched off the route to Germersheim shortly before Dammheim. It was served until 2013.
Bus transport
At the station forecourt there is a bus station that was modernized in 2012 and is served by a total of 16 bus routes. In 2012 and 2013, the route network was reorganized. These bus routes are operated by BRH Via Bus , Hetzler Busreisen , PalatinaBus , Queichtalnahverkehrsgesellschaft and Rheinpfalzbus . In part, they take over the function of disused routes. This is how the company Weinstraßenverkehr Neustadt-Landau (WNL) - PalatinaBus since 2000 - emerged from the Pfälzer Oberlandbahn.After the line was closed, it replaced a bus route between Landau and Neustadt, which was split up in 2013. In some cases, they connect places that were not on the Oberlandbahn.
The bus routes 555 and 590 to Herxheim and Germersheim serve as a replacement for the two disused routes to these locations. Other bus routes are the 520 and 530 to Ranschbach , the 521 to Ramberg , the 531 via Klingenmünster and Gossersweiler-Stein to Annweiler am Trifels , the 539 to Essingen , the 540 and 541, both of which end at Bad Bergzabern station and the 550 and the 552, which run via Offenbach an der Queich and Bellheim to Germersheim or Rheinzabern . With the lines 535 to Wollmesheimer Höhe, the 536 to Mörlheim and the round line 537 there are also three inner-city bus routes.
Accidents
On April 30, 2007, a class 628 diesel multiple unit derailed at a switch between tracks two and three because it had been moved too quickly during shunting work. The middle bogie on the vehicle itself was affected. The vehicle was recovered two days later. There were no dead or injured.
literature
- Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . pro MESSAGE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2005, ISBN 3-934845-27-4 .
- Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V .: 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstrasse – Landau / Pfalz . Landau in the Palatinate 1980.
- Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways (= publications of the Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science. Volume 53). New edition. pro MESSAGE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2005, ISBN 3-934845-26-6 .
- Annual report of the management of the Palatinate Maximiliansbahn for the year 1854/1855 . Ludwigshafen am Rhein 1856 (Bavarian Main State Archive, signature 4 Bavar. 814p).
Web links
- Tracks in service facilities (RLA) , DB Netz AG (PDF) Track plan of the Landau (Pfalz) Hbf station on the Deutsche Bahn website (PDF; 131.5 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Overview of the operating points and their abbreviations from Directive 100. (PDF; 720 kB) db-netz.de, archived from the original on December 22, 2014 ; Retrieved November 9, 2013 .
- ↑ Regional rail network and honeycomb plan. (PDF; 1.9 MB) (No longer available online.) In: vrn.de. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013 ; Retrieved July 21, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Landau (Pfalz) Hbf. In: bahnhof.de. Retrieved February 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . 2005, p. 15th ff .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . 2005, p. 20 .
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 38 f .
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 74 .
- ↑ a b Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 56 .
- ↑ a b c kbs704.de: Here it goes west: The Germersheim – Landau route . Retrieved November 13, 2013 .
- ↑ Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways . 2005, p. 188 f .
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 62 .
- ↑ Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways . 2005, p. 177 ff .
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 47 .
- ↑ Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways . 2005, p. 239 f .
- ^ A b c Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 75 .
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 62 f .
- ↑ bahnstatistik.de: Royal Bavarian Railway Directorate Ludwigshafen a. Rhine - Timeline: Establishments - Designations - Dissolutions . Retrieved February 18, 2014 .
- ↑ Fritz Engbarth: From the Ludwig Railway to the Integral Timed Timetable - 160 Years of the Railway in the Palatinate . 2007, p. 13 .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt-Strasbourg . 2005, p. 70 .
- ↑ bahnstatistik.de: Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian railway Direction to Mainz - Timeline: erections - names - resolutions . Retrieved February 18, 2014 .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . 2005, p. 121 ff .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . 2005, p. 152 f .
- ↑ a b c queichtalbahn.beepworld.de: Chronicle from 2000 . Archived from the original on October 16, 2013 ; Retrieved October 29, 2013 .
- ^ Lewentz: New bus station important for local transport hub , press release of the Rhineland-Palatinate Ministry of the Interior, for Sport and Infrastructure from April 18, 2013, accessed on December 24, 2013.
- ^ Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 38 .
- ↑ Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways . 2005, p. 145 .
- ↑ Maximiliansbahn business report for the fiscal year from October 1, 1854 to September 30, 1855
- ^ Manfred Berger: Historic train station buildings III . 1988, p. 171 .
- ^ A b c Heinz Sturm: History of the Maxbahn 1855-1945 . In: Model and Railway Club Landau in der Pfalz e. V. (Ed.): 125 years of Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstr. – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 77 f .
- ↑ Michael Heilmann, Werner Schreiner: 150 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt – Strasbourg . 2005, p. 81 .
- ↑ deutschebahn.com: Platform information - Landau (Pfalz) Hbf station . (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 10, 2013 ; Retrieved July 21, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Heinz Sturm: The Palatinate Railways . 2005, p. 254 .
- ↑ queichtalbahn.beepworld.de: Chronicle from 1874 to 2000 . Archived from the original on October 16, 2013 ; Retrieved October 22, 2013 .
- ↑ Fritz Engbarth: From the Ludwig Railway to the Integral Timed Timetable - 160 Years of the Railway in the Palatinate . 2007, p. 38 f .
- ↑ Public Transport. landau.de, accessed on November 16, 2013 .
- ↑ About us. In: palatinabus.de. Retrieved February 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Landau line network. (PDF; 366 kB) (No longer available online.) Vrn.de, archived from the original on November 13, 2013 ; Retrieved November 16, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Southern Wine Route network. (PDF; 360 kB) (No longer available online.) Vrn.de, archived from the original on December 3, 2013 ; Retrieved November 16, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
