Essingen (Palatinate)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 14 '  N , 8 ° 10'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Southern Wine Route
Association municipality :	Offenbach on the Queich
Height :	151 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.39 km 2
Residents:	2257 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	198 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	76879
Area code :	06347
License plate :	SOUTH
Community key :	07 3 37 023
Association administration address:	Konrad-Lerch-Ring 6 76877 Offenbach an der Queich
Website :	www.offenbach-queich.de
Mayoress :	Susanne Volz
Location of the local community Essingen in the district of Südliche Weinstrasse

Essingen is a municipality in the Südliche Weinstrasse district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the community of Offenbach an der Queich .

geography

The place is a typical wine-growing community in the Palatinate near Landau . The Hainbach running in west-east direction touches the southern edge of the settlement. At the south-eastern edge of the development, the Schleidgraben flows into it from the right . Essingen also includes the hamlet of Dreihof in the southeast . Neighboring communities are - clockwise - Großfischlingen , Kleinfischlingen , Hochstadt (Pfalz) , Offenbach an der Queich , Landau in der Pfalz , Bornheim (Pfalz) , Knöringen and Edesheim .

history

Viticulture presumably dates back to Roman times . The oldest surviving documentary mention of the place refers to the possession of the Weißenburg monastery between the years 850 and 900 in Ossingen .

In 1585 what was then Ober- and Niederessingen came under the rule of the Roman Catholic lords, later: Barons von Dalberg . After the Reformation , the place was biconfessional, Roman Catholic and Lutheran . Under Gottlob Amand von Dalberg , there were violent disputes between the religious parties, who allied themselves with different, also fighting representatives of the Dalberg family. One of the reasons for this was the construction of a simultaneous church .

Essingen was one of a group of 32 places in the southern Palatinate that submitted an application for annexation to the French Republic in March 1793 . The place was annexed to the French state by decree in March 1793.

From then on, Essingen, like the entire Palatinate, was part of the French Republic (until 1804) and then of the Napoleonic Empire. During this time, the municipality was incorporated into the canton of Landau in the department of the Lower Rhine . In 1814 the community had a total of 1,142 inhabitants. In 1815 the place first belonged to Austria . A year later he moved to the Kingdom of Bavaria . From 1818 to 1862 Essingen belonged to the Landau Landau commissioner ; from this the district office of Landau emerged. In the economic decline of the 19th century, many Essingers emigrated to the United States of America . John George Nicolay , son of Essingen, became the private secretary of President Abraham Lincoln .

From 1939 the place was part of the Landau district in the Palatinate . After the Second World War , Essingen became part of the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate within the French occupation zone . During the first Rhineland-Palatinate administrative reform changed the place on 7 June 1969 in the newly created district Landau-Bad Bergzabern, in 1978 in South County Wine Trail is renamed . 1972 Essingen was assigned to the also newly formed community of Offenbach an der Queich .

religion

At the end of 2013, 45.5 percent of the population were Protestant and 33.8 percent Catholic. The rest belonged to another religion or were non-denominational.

Essingen has a brisk Jewish past. In the 19th century, 20 percent of the population was Jewish. In the course of the century, however, many villagers emigrated due to the weak economic situation, the synagogue building , completed in 1821, was abandoned in 1937 and sold to a farmer in Essingen. The building is still recognizable as a synagogue. The Jewish cemetery, where the surrounding communities buried their dead, is the largest Jewish cemetery in the Palatinate in terms of area with 1700 tombstones from the 17th to 19th centuries (see parks, cemeteries).

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Essingen consists of 16 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FDP	FWG	GBL	total
2019	4th	4th	1	3	4th	16 seats
2014	4th	5	1	4th	2	16 seats
2009	3	7th	1	4th	1	16 seats
2004	4th	7th	1	4th	-	16 seats

• FWG = Free Voters' Group Essingen e. V.
• GBL = Green Citizens List Essingen e. V.

mayor

Susanne Volz (FWG) became the new local mayor on July 8, 2014 after she was elected in May 2014. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, she was confirmed in office for a further five years with a share of the vote of 51.34%. Her predecessors were Hartmut Doppler (CDU), who had held the office for 28 years, and Gottfried Frech.

coat of arms

	Blazon : "A multiple angled golden mark in black." It was approved by the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior in 1925 and goes back to a seal from 1507.

Culture and sights

music

For decades through the Arbeiterbildungsverein (ABV) with an independent mandolin orchestra . There is also a men's choir, the MGV 1865 and, since 1998, the Crescendo choir of the Protestant parish of Essingen- Dammheim- Bornheim.

Buildings

Protestant Church

The Wendelinus chapel was built around 1280. It has wall paintings from the 15th century (a cycle of Mary). The sacraments and the fittings of the sacristy door also date from the Middle Ages. In 2017 it became known that a Hitler bell from 1936 hangs in the chapel . After Herxheim am Berg, it is the second discovery of a Hitler bell in Rhineland-Palatinate within a short time.

The town hall was built in 1590 in the Renaissance style. The arched openings on the ground floor form a kind of vestibule and with the stair tower on the side these are typical features of the Palatinate town hall.

The Protestant Church (formerly Simultankirche St. Sebastian ) was built in 1788 using parts of an older church from 1561. The tower was only added in 1862. On the outside walls of the church tombstones and coat of arms stones from the 16th century.

The Catholic Church of St. Sebastian was built in 1929 on Spanierstrasse. A little later, its tower was damaged by bombs in World War II.

See also: List of cultural monuments in Essingen

Parks, cemeteries

South Jewish cemetery

There are two old Jewish cemeteries on Gartenstrasse . The older one, on the downstream side in the old chestnut trees, was laid out in 1618. This cemetery was expanded several times into the 19th century and partially filled up in order to be able to create more graves. It served 30 surrounding Jewish communities as an association cemetery. With its 85.87 ares, it is almost completely enclosed by a wall. Many of the hundreds of red sand gravestones are standing. In 1869 a new cemetery with 24.28 acres was created on the uphill side of the road, which is occasionally used for burials up to the present day. However, there is no longer a local Jewish community.

Recreational facilities

Dalberghalle

The Dalberghalle, which opened in 1987, functions as a communal teenage and youth club.

Sports

BC Essingen exists on site ; the club member Micha Abdul took part in the German Pétanque Championships in 2008 . Other sports clubs are the TVE “Turnverein Essingen”, the cycling club “Viktoria 1923 e. V. “and the football club VFL Essingen. In Essingen there is a sports facility with grass and tennis courts, a skater facility, the Dreihof boules pitch and the “Am Dreihof” golf course , which includes a championship course with 27 holes.

Other clubs

Rural women's association, workers' education association, “Kerwe im Schulhof” development association, Dance for Kids

Regular events

The village kerwe is held annually on the fourth weekend in August. The Laatare parade takes place every year on Sunday Laetare

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Historically it is an agricultural community, earlier mixed cultivation of crops, viticulture and some livestock farming , after the Second World War it was mainly characterized by the cultivation of sugar beet and viticulture. Livestock farming and crop cultivation declined more and more in the second half of the 20th century. For decades, many families ran viticulture as a sideline . Since the 1980s, there has been an increasing concentration on a few full-time vintners, mostly in connection with land consolidation . The municipality is such part of the Palatinate wine-growing region . The individual layers Osterberg , Roßberg and Sonnenberg are located on site .

In the last decades of the 20th century Essingen has changed from an agricultural and wine-growing village to a residential community oriented towards Landau and Neustadt an der Weinstrasse . Many workers and commuters work in the city of Landau, in the southern Weinstrasse area and in the Rhine-Neckar area (Ludwigshafen / Mannheim).

traffic

Dreihof trolley station

One kilometer west of the village is the Knöringen-Essingen train station, which opened in 1855, on the Neustadt-Wissembourg railway line , which touches the far northwest of the Essingen district. The southern edge of the municipal area with the hamlet of Dreihof is crossed by the Germersheim – Landau railway line , which was opened in 1872 and closed in 1996 and has served as a trolley line since 2006 . As with the route from Neustadt to Wissembourg, the municipality had arranged that the route runs far from the center of the village. The Dreihof train station there was intended as a common station for Bornheim, Essingen and Offenbach an der Queich. Since it had extensive freight traffic, it was given a reception building with an attached goods handling facility . However, the structure itself was destroyed in World War II. Due to a lack of profitability, the operating site, which had meanwhile been downgraded to the stopping point, was given up a few years before the cessation of passenger traffic in 1984. In its place there is now a trolley station of the same name. The community is connected to the local transport network via bus line 539 . Essingen is part of the Rhein-Neckar transport association . However, the tariff of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund also applies to trips to Karlsruhe .

The federal road 272 Landau– Speyer runs south of the town center . You can use it to reach the Landau-Nord junction on the A 65 . Roads 513 and 542 run through the town itself .

Personalities

Memorial plaque for John George Nicolay

Honorary citizen

• Hartmut Doppler (* 1945), former mayor

Sons and daughters of the church

• Johann Bast (1812–1880), German-American architect and functionary in Cincinnati
• John George Nicolay (1832–1901), private secretary and biographer to US President Abraham Lincoln
• Hans Wilhelm Mutzbauer (1908–1968), garden architect

People related to Essingen

• Anna Essinger's ancestors come from the community
• Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser (1724–1797), Austrian field marshal, fought successfully on July 27, 1793 near Essingen

literature

• Bernhard Kukatzki , Mario Jacoby: The old Jewish cemetery in Essingen. Schifferstadt / Pfalz 1993. 44 pp.
• Tobias Benner: Traces of Jewish History in Essingen. In: SACHOR - Contributions to Jewish history and memorial work in Rhineland-Palatinate. 1997 (2/14), p. 71 ff.

Web links

Commons : Essingen  - Collection of images

• Essingen on the website of the Offenbach an der Queich community
• Bem Projekt Gutenberg.de Author: John George Nicolay
• Mr. Lincoln and Friends: John G. Nicholay
• Literature about Essingen in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 162 (PDF; 3 MB).
3. ↑ William D. Godsey: Imperial Knight between the Old Empire and the New State Order. The Dalberg between 1750 and 1850 . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms named by Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission NF Bd. 31. Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 247–288 (264f).
4. ^ Karl Moersch : History of the Palatinate. Pfälzische Verlagsanstalt, Landau / Pfalz 1987, p. 453.
5. ↑ KommWis, as of December 31, 2013
6. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
7. ↑ Appointment of Susanne Volz as local mayor. Robert Weberstetter (“Our Essingen” website), accessed on April 18, 2020 . 
8. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=99d4-jkhy7Q
9. ^ The State Returning Officer of Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Offenbach adQueich, Verbandsgemeinde, second line of results. Retrieved April 18, 2020 . 
10. ↑ All of Essingen's mayors since 1793. Robert Weberstetter (“Our Essingen” website), accessed on April 18, 2020 . 
11. ^ Karl-Heinz Debus: The great book of arms of the Palatinate. Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 1988, ISBN 3-9801574-2-3 .
12. ↑ New bell discovery: Nazi bell discovered in Essingen as well. In: rnf.de. August 30, 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2017 . 
13. ↑ Another "Hitler Bell" in Rhineland-Palatinate - Home - SWR Aktuell. In: swr.de. August 30, 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2017 . 
14. ^ Essingen / Palatinate (VG Offenbach an der Queich, district of southern Weinstrasse) Old and New Jewish Cemetery. In: Alemannia Judaica. Working group for research into the history of the Jews in southern Germany and the neighboring region, accessed on July 10, 2009 .