Lindow (Friedland)

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Lindow
City of Friedland
Coordinates: 52 ° 6 ′ 12 ″  N , 14 ° 18 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 57 m
Area : 7.56 km²
Residents : 90  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 12 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : March 31, 2001
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 033676
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Lindow ( Lower Sorbian Lindow ) is a district of the city of Friedland in the Oder-Spree district (Brandenburg). In the early modern period, the place belonged to the Friedland Order of St. John. Lindow was an independent municipality until it was incorporated at the end of 2001.

geography

Lindow is just three kilometers east of Friedland as the crow flies. The district of Lindow borders in the north on the district of Reudnitz , in the east on Groß Briesen , in the south on Günthersdorf and in the west on the urban district of Friedland. The place can be reached via the L43 from Friedland, which, however, passes south of the place. Other smaller roads lead to Günthersdorf, Reudnitz and Weichensdorf.

Coming from Günthersdorf, the Lindow-Günthersdorfer Graben runs roughly from north to south through the district. The center is about 57  m above sea level. NHN . The lowest point is the Lindow-Günthersdorfer Graben on the southern edge of the district at about 55  m above sea level. NHN , the highest point is in the southeast corner of the district at a little over 70  m above sea level. NHN . The vineyard northeast of the town center reaches 69.6  m above sea level. NHN .

history

Rudolf Lehmann states in the historical local dictionary of Niederlausitz 1429 as the year Lindow was first mentioned in a document. This documentary mention and the early ownership history described there refer to Groß Lindow in the office of Brieskow-Finkenheerd , only called Lyndow in the 15th century . Evidence that definitely does not relate to this place is also listed in the place-name book. The name Lindow is derived from the German tree name Linde, to which the ending -ow = Aue was added. The name could therefore be interpreted as Lindenaue. The structure of the village is a dead end village.

Lindow on the Urmes table sheet 3851 Beeskow from 1846

Ownership history

It is certain that Lindow (near Friedland) belonged to the Friedland rule before 1518. It can be assumed that due to its location in the middle of the Friedland rule, it was part of the Friedland rule (Houwald) for a long time. In 1518, the Lower Lusatian bailiff Heinrich Tunkel von Bernitzko sold as guardian of the three brothers Hans, Andreas and Peter v. Köckeritz, only Georg was already of age, the rule Friedland for 16,750 Rhenish guilders to the Order of St. John . The sale was contested and canceled because of the low price. Georg, Hans and Andreas v. Köckritz finally received in 1527 from the then Bohemian King Ferdinand I the lordship of Friedland; Peter had apparently passed away in the meantime. The three brothers v. Köckritz finally sold the Friedland rule to the Order of St. John in 1533, for the somewhat better price of 21,500 thalers. Lindow belonged to the Friedland Order Office until 1811 . The Friedland Ordensamt was drafted in 1811 by the then Saxon King Friedrich August I and converted into a royal Saxon office. After the transition to Prussia in 1815, the office was now called Rentamt Friedland.

Village history

In 1642 only one farmer, two cottagers and one Büdner were left of nine houses . So five parts of the house were desolate. In 1665 the population structure is described as follows: a Lehnschulze with four hooves, five three-hoofed farmers (a certain Wuchatz, a certain Lübeck, Matthes Judisch, Michel Driebisch, Hans Dielow), two two-hoofed farmers (Gürge Schlieben and a certain Föder) and a kossaete or gardener (Mewes Bölicke). The field marrow was therefore divided into 23 hooves . The Kossate Bölicke had several pieces of land. Two belonged to the community but were connected to this estate. In the event of a change, the community had to be paid a quarter of a beer for these two pieces, plus six groschen 6 pfennigs a year. For a meadow that yielded about a load of hay, he had to feed the community bull, which the community bought. In 1665 there was a clay pit on the Lindow field, which supplied the clay for the brick kiln near Friedland. In the early modern period, wine was grown on the vineyard northeast of the town center.

In 1708 there were seven farmers and two kossäts. 20 adults between the ages of 12 and 60 lived in Lindow. In 1723, however, eight farmers and one kossate are mentioned. In 1809 there were finally nine full farmers and two half farmers. In 1818 there were 13 fireplaces in which 87 people lived. For 1823 the population is described as follows: a Lehnschulze, seven farmers, two single-hoofed farmers and a Kossät. In 1840 17 houses and 131 residents were registered. In 1864 there are 19 houses in which 168 people lived. In 1871 there were 21 residential buildings in Lindow in which

Population development since 1818 (*)

year Residents
1818 87 *
1846 130 *
1867 156
1875 161
1890 150
1900 144 *
1910 147
1925 141
1933 131
1939 144
year Residents
1946 205
1950 168
1964 117
1971 114
1981 107
1985 100
1989 90
1990 84
1991 84
1992 84
year Residents
1993 92
1994 88
1995 88
1996 85
1997 95
1998 96
1999 90
2000 92

Communal and Political History

The Lower Lusatian place belonged to the Krummspreeischen Kreis during the Saxon period . After the incorporation of Lower Lusatia into the Province of Brandenburg, the district was renamed the District of Lübben ; but the circle essentially retained its boundaries. In 1950 the Lübben district was greatly enlarged during the first district reform in what was then the GDR. Only two years later, the Lübben district was greatly reduced in size again in the comprehensive district reform of 1952. The northern parts of the original Lübben district came to the newly created Beeskow district , including Lindow. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Beeskow district was renamed the Beeskow district . In the district reform of 5./6. December 1993 in the state of Brandenburg, the Beeskow district was combined with the Fürstenwalde district , the Eisenhüttenstadt-Land district and the Eisenhüttenstadt district to form the Oder-Spree district. Some communities in the southernmost part of what was then the district of Beeskow were reclassified to the district of Dahme-Spreewald.

In the course of the administrative reforms in 1992 in the state of Brandenburg, Lindow formed the administrative community Amt Friedland (Niederlausitz) together with 15 other municipalities . On December 31, 2001, Lindow was incorporated into the city of Friedland and has been a district of Friedland ever since. The Friedland (Niederlausitz) office was dissolved on October 26, 2003. In the district of Lindow, a local advisory board consisting of three members is elected, who choose the local mayor from among their number. The head of Lindow is currently (2015) Sabine Graumann.

Church affiliation

Lindow has no church and was given to the Wendish church in Friedland. Today Lindow belongs to the Evangelical Church Community Friedland-Niewisch in the Evangelical Church District Oder-Spree.

Monuments

For Lindow, the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg shows only one ground monument for the Oder-Spree district:

  • No. 90783 Corridor 1,4: the village center of the German Middle Ages, the village center of the modern era

supporting documents

literature

  • August Hänseler: The Friedland Ordensamt after the Thirty Years War. (Based on the office house book from 1665). In: Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen. Volume 23, Guben 1935, pp. 91-114.
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Degener Verlag, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, p. 372
  • Heinrich Kaak: Corporate lordship and agricultural innovations in Prussia - the Order of St. John in his New Marks offices 1750-1811. BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl., Berlin 2012 (in the following abbreviated Kaak, Korporative Gutsherrschaft with corresponding page number).
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz. Volume 1: Introduction and Overviews. The districts of Luckau, Lübben and Calau. Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 , p. 180

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 21, 2020.
  2. ^ Gerhard Schlegel: Frankfurt / Oder Carthusians. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. 1. Volume, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0 , pp. 464-474.
  3. ↑ Winfried Töpler : The Neuzelle Monastery and the secular and spiritual powers 1268-1817. (= Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Volume 14). Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-931836-53-3
  4. ↑ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VII Lebus. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1983.
  5. ^ A b Siegfried Körner: Place name book of Niederlausitz. Studies on the toponymy of the districts of Beeskow, Calau, Cottbus, Eisenhüttenstadt, Finsterwalde, Forst, Guben, Lübben, Luckau, and Spremberg. Akademie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1993, p. 187.
  6. ↑ Ernst Eichler: The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975.
  7. ^ Heinz-Dieter Krausch : The earlier viticulture in Niederlausitz. In: Yearbook for Brandenburg State History. Volume 18, Berlin 1967, pp. 12-57, PDF , p. 19
  8. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 219
  9. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 173
  10. ↑ Statistical Bureau of the Royal Government of Frankfurt a. O .: Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 202
  11. ↑ a b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. II. Province of Brandenburg. Publishing house of the Royal Statistical Bureau, Berlin 1873, online at Google Books , p. 196
  12. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  13. ^ Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, p. 198.
  14. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Friedland-Niewisch
  15. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Dahme-Spreewald district (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum

Web links

Commons : Lindow  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files