Mikhail Gavrilowitsch Erdenko

Mikhail Gavrilovich Erdenko ( Russian Михаил Гаврилович Эрденко ; born November 22 ^{. Jul} / 4. December  1885 ^{. Greg} in Baranowo at Gorschetschnoje ; †  21st January 1940 in Moscow ) was a Russian - Soviet violinist , composer and university lecturer .

Life

Erdenko came from a poor Roma family. His father was a third generation violinist and directed a Roma orchestra . Accordingly, the son learned to play the violin from his father. As a four year old, he played with his father at weddings. At the age of five he gave his first concert in Kharkov . Concerts in Rostov-on-Don and Yekaterinoslav followed . The newspapers reported on him, and the Kursk Musikhochschule took an interest in him.

At the age of 14 Erdenko went to Moscow with the money earned with concerts and donations from patrons as well as a letter of recommendation from Rear Admiral A. M. Abasa , who recommended him for admission to the music school at the Moscow Conservatory with a scholarship. In 1904 he graduated from Jan Hřímalý's violin class at the Conservatory with the Small Gold Medal and his name on the marble table of the Conservatory. Then he taught at the music college in Samara .

Erdenko took part in the Russian Revolution in 1905 and directed the orchestra at Nikolai Bauman's funeral. After the uprising was put down, Erdenko was exiled to the Vologda governorate and then to the Arkhangelsk governorate . When he was allowed to perform again, he played in the Donbas , Kursk, Samara, Kiev , Odessa , Vologda, Arkhangelsk , Tsaritsyn , Orenburg , Central Asia and the Caucasus . He not only performed in the prestigious concert halls of the big cities, but also gave charity concerts for miners, industrial workers and students. His repertoire included classical works by Bach , Beethoven , Mozart , Brahms , Chopin , Tchaikovsky , Paganini as well as his own arrangements of Roma music . He also visited other countries.

In 1910 Erdenko traveled to Yasnaya Polyana to see Lev Tolstoy , from which friendly relations developed. In the same year he took lessons with Eugène Ysaÿe in Belgium , he won the Hřímalý violin competition of the Moscow Conservatory and was appointed professor at the Kiev Conservatory, from which in 1913 the Kiev Conservatory emerged . There he developed friendly relations with Sergei Rachmaninow , Alexander Scriabin , Alexander Gretschaninow , Reinhold Glière , Alexander Glasunow , Wassili Safonow and Heinrich Neuhaus . In addition, he continued his concert activities, where he not only appeared as a violinist and composer , but also played and conducted in an ensemble .

After the October Revolution , Erdenko toured Russia with orchestras. In 1920 he settled in Krasnodar . He founded and directed a music - theater committee ', a symphony orchestra , an academic choir , an opera theater and the Kuban Conservatory. In 1927 he gave a concert in Moscow and took part in the first radio concert with Antonina Neschdanowa , Nadeschda Obuchowa and others. As the first and only representative of Soviet violin art, Erdenko made 5 guest tours to Japan and China (1927–1928), Korea , Poland , Lithuania , Latvia , Estonia and Germany , where he also appeared at anti-fascist meetings (until 1932). In 1935 Erdenko was appointed professor at the Moscow Conservatory. He also gave concerts.

Erdenko composed an old-style sonata for violin and piano , pieces for violin, romances and cadences for concerts by Paganini and Brahms and for Giuseppe Tartini's Devil's Trill Sonata . He left arrangements and transcriptions of pieces by Chopin, Henryk Wieniawski , Brahms, David Popper , Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov and Alexander Aljabjew as well as accompaniments to Paganini's Devil's Dances and Etudes . His Roma opera remained unfinished.

Erdenko is considered to be the founder of the Erdenko Roma music dynasty. In 1956, the Erdenko art school for children was opened not far from his birthplace in Stary Oskol . In 1986 the first international Erdenko competition for young violinists was held.

Honors

• Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1925)
• Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1934)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Information on Michail Gawrilowitsch Erdenko in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France , accessed on July 21, 2017.
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} С. Шатохина: ЭРДЕНКО (ЕРДЕНКОВ) Михаил Гаврилович (1885–1940) (accessed July 21, 2017).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Эрденко Михаил Гаврилович (accessed July 21, 2017).