Mysore
| Mysore | |||
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| State : |
 India
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| State : | Karnataka | ||
| District : | Mysore | ||
| Sub-district : | Mysore | ||
| Location : | 12 ° 18 ' N , 76 ° 39' E | ||
| Height : | 770 m | ||
| Area : | 128.42 km² | ||
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Inhabitants : - Agglomeration : |
887,446 (2011) 983,893 (2011) |
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| Population density : | 6910 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Website : | www.mysorecity.mrc.gov.in | ||
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Mysore ( ˈmaɪ̯sɔːr ), or since 2014 officially Mysuru ( Kannada : ಮೈಸೂರು Maisūru , ˈmai̯suːru , Germanized also Maisur or Maissur ) is a city with almost 890,000 inhabitants (2011 census) in the Indian state of Karnataka . Mysore is the third largest city in Karnataka, the administrative seat of the Mysore district and the seat of the University of Mysore (since 1916). Before Indian independence, Mysore was the capital of the princely state of Mysore .
geography
location
Mysore is located about 155 km (driving distance) southwest of Bangalore in the southern Deccan highlands at an altitude of about 770 m above sea level. d. M.
climate
Due to the altitude, the summer temperatures are bearable: 35 or even 40 ° C are rarely reached; at night it cools down to around 20 to 25 ° C, depending on the cloudiness. In winter, the average daytime temperatures are around 20 to 25 ° C; at night the thermometer drops to approx. 5 to 10 ° C. Rain actually only falls in the monsoon months of July to September.
The name of the city
According to the founding myth of Mysores, the area around today's city belonged to the buffalo demon Mahisasur (Mahisha). The goddess Durga killed him there in her form as Chamundeshwari . The name of the city is said to be derived from the name of the slain demon: The Canarese name Maisūru is therefore a blended form of Mahishūru ("City of Mahishas").
On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the state in 2006, the government of Karnataka decided, following a proposal by the writer UR Ananthamurthy , to rename the English name of the city to its Kannada form of name Mysuru . The Indian central government under Prime Minister Manmohan Singh initially did not agree to the name change. It was only under the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi that was newly elected in 2014 that the name officially came into effect on November 1, 2014.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
The city's traditionally most important branch of industry is the textile industry; silk fabrics in particular are valued nationwide. Numerous other industries have settled in the past few decades, including machine, pharmaceutical, electrotechnical, chemical and plastics industries as well as suppliers to the vehicle industry. The IT industry is now well represented. The Infosys company has set up a large company site near Mysore, which will soon be employing more people than at its parent site in Bangalore . For other Indian IT companies, Mysore, which is only two hours away by train from the IT capital Bangalore, is much quieter and more pleasant is becoming increasingly attractive. Sandalwood and bronze are traditionally handcrafted in Mysore . Tourism has now gained a considerable share in the economic development of Mysore, with the Indians themselves making up the majority.
Infrastructure
As a railway hub, Mysore has a relatively good connection to the rail network. With the Shatabdi Express there is a fast connection to Bangalore and Chennai . Road connections are also good by Indian standards. The trunk road to Bangalore has now been expanded to four lanes. In addition, the previously closed Mandakalli Airport was expanded and opened in mid-May 2010.
history
The first evidence of the existence of Mysore is an inscription from the time of the Ganga dynasty, dated around the year 950 , which was replaced by the Chola at the beginning of the 11th century . The latter had several temples built in the city, which were expanded by the Hoysala dynasty, who ruled from the 12th century .
From 1399, the Hindu dynasty of the Wodeyar, originally from Dwarka on the Kathiawar peninsula , ruled the city and the surrounding areas. Their territory was tributary to the Vijayanagar Empire. After its collapse in 1565, Mysore became the capital of the independent kingdom of the same name. Raja Wodeyar I (1578-1617) moved the capital in 1610 to Shrirangapattana . In the 18th century, the rule of the Wodeyar was interrupted by the Muslim usurper Hyder Ali (de facto ruled 1761–1782) and the accession of his son Tipu Sultan (1782–1799). It was under them that the kingdom of Mysore reached its greatest extent: large parts of southern India were conquered and subjugated. The empire soon got into conflict with the British , who saw their colonial interests endangered.
Tipu Sultan of Mysore declared war on the English, supported by the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Marathas , but was defeated in 1761 and restricted to his region of Shrirangapattana. After relinquishing territory in 1792, Tipu Sultan resumed the war against the British under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington . The colonial power ultimately emerged victorious from the four Mysore Wars . Tipu Sultan was killed on May 4, 1799 while storming Srirangapatna . The greater part of Mysore was placed under direct English rule.
With the reinstatement of the Hindu Wodeyar dynasty in 1799, but now as British vassals, Mysore again became the capital of the kingdom. Although the British colonial rulers moved the capital to Bangalore in 1831 , Mysore remained the residence of the Rajas until India's independence. Their empire became an Indian state in 1947.
In 1956 Mysore was assigned to the newly created state of the same name according to language borders, which was renamed Karnataka in 1973 .
Attractions
city
Mysore is one of the most important tourist centers in Karnataka. The legacy of the former Maharajas of Mysore, in particular, draws many domestic and foreign visitors to the city.
- Amba Vilas Palace
Main article Amba Vilas
- Chamundi Hill
About three kilometers outside the city center rises the 1062 meter high Chamundi Hill , on the top of which is the Chamundeshwari Temple . This important pilgrimage destination from the 12th century is dominated by a seven-story 40-meter high gopuram , which was only added about 300 years ago. The temple is dedicated to Durga (Chamundeshwari). About 1000 steps lead up to it. Halfway up there is a 5 m high, monolithic statue of the bull Nandi , Shiva's mount . The figure, carved out of the rock in 1659, is one of the largest of its kind in all of India. There is also a statue of the demon Mahishasura nearby .
- Jaganmohan Palace
West of the Amba Vilas Palace is this palace, built in 1861, which today houses a gallery (Sri Jayachamarajendra Art Gallery) in which, among other things, portraits of former rulers, miniature paintings, furniture and musical instruments are exhibited.
The Catholic Church from 1931, one of the largest churches in India, picks up on the European Gothic style with its two towering towers and stained glass windows . A relic of the martyr Philomena is kept in an underground chapel .
- Other sights
There are still some smaller palaces in Mysore. Particularly noteworthy are the Lalita Mahal Palace on Chamundi Hill, originally built for guests of the Maharajas, and the Rajendra Vilas Palace. There are also numerous representative buildings from the colonial era in Mysore, including the town hall, the Rangacharlu Memorial Hall and the clock tower from 1927 in honor of the silver jubilee of the Maharaja's reign. Also worth seeing is the market, one of the most beautiful and largest in South India, known for spices and Indian perfumes. In the southeast of the city is the Mysore Zoo .
Maharaja Palace
Gate at the Maharaja Palace
Outside the palace
Closer surroundings
Many historical sites over 16 kilometers (driving distance) northeast of Mysore Srirangapatna location, from 1610 to 1799 capital of the kingdom Mysore .
- Brindavan Gardens
About 15 kilometers northwest of Mysore are the Brindavan Gardens on the Kaveri River , below the Krishna Raja Sagar dam. The gardens laid out in the 1930s for the Maharaja cover an area of around 60 hectares .
- Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary
In this protected area, barely 2 km² in size and located on six tiny islands in the river Kaveri , a large number of sometimes rare birds can be observed.
The Keshava temple from the Hoysala period is the biggest attraction in the village of Somnathpur, about 35 km east of Mysore.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev (* 1957), yogi, mystic, founder of the Isha Foundation, bestselling author
- Jayachamaraja Wodeyar (1919–1974), last maharajah of the state of Mysore
- Kamala Markandaya (1924-2004), writer
- Joseph Roy (1925-2004), Bishop of Mysore
- AK Ramanujan (1929–1993), Indian-American Indologist and poet
- NR Narayanamurthy (born 1946), entrepreneur
- Vishnuvardhan (1950–2009), actor
- Vasudha Thozhur (* 1956), painter
Personalities who have worked on site
- Martin Onslow Forster (1872–1945), British chemist, taught at the university, died in Mysore
Web links
- Mysuru City Corporation (City Council)
- Mysore Nature (English)
- Mysore District
- Side of the Amba Vilas Palace (English)
- Photos Mysore
Individual evidence
- ^ Census of India 2011: Provisional Population Totals. Cities having population 1 lakh and above. (PDF; 154 kB)
- ^ Census of India 2011: Provisional Population Totals. Urban Agglomerations / Cities having population 1 lakh and above. (PDF; 141 kB)
- ↑ S. Rajendran: Center mum on 'Bengaluru' . The Hindu , December 18, 2007, accessed October 30, 2015 .
- ↑ Mugdha Variyar: Bangalore, Mysore, Karnataka Other Cities to be Renamed on 1 November. International Business Times, October 18, 2014, accessed October 30, 2015 .
- ↑ Formal inaugaration of Mysore airport at last on May 15. (No longer available online.) In: Star of Mysore (English), May 13, 2010, archived from the original on November 19, 2015 ; Retrieved May 13, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
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