Neuenweg (Little Wiesental)

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Neuenweg
Municipality Small Wiesental
Neuenweg coat of arms
Coordinates: 47 ° 47 ′ 43 "  N , 7 ° 49 ′ 39"  E
Height : 722 m above sea level NN
Area : 12.65 km²
Residents : 326  (Dec. 31, 2007)
Population density : 26 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 2009
Postal code : 79692
Area code : 07673
map
View of Neuenweg from the northeast

Neuenweg ( Alemannisch Neuewäg ) has been part of the municipality of Kleines Wiesental in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg since January 1, 2009 .

geography

location

The state-approved resort of Neuenweg is located in the Southern Black Forest Nature Park in the valley of the Kleine Wiese between 700 and 1400 meters and is the last settlement at the end of the valley. The former municipal area extends to the summit of the Belchen and is 69% covered with forest.

Neighboring places

The place borders in the east on the community Böllen , in the north on the community Münstertal , in the south on the district Bürchau of the community Kleines Wiesental and in the west on the district Wies of the community Kleines Wiesental.

structure

The village of Neuenweg, the hamlets Hinterheubronn, Mittelheubronn and Vorderheubronn and the Zinken Belchenhöfe and Sägemättle are in the area of ​​the former municipality of Neuenweg .

history

Sternschanze on the hill

Beginnings and administrative history

Neuenweg was mentioned for the first time in 1278 in a deed of donation from the St. Blasien monastery - Adelheid von Rotenberg donated the entire property in Neuenweg to the monastery, making St. Blasien the largest landowner in town. After the Lords of Rotenberg, the local rule passed to the Lords of Rötteln , who gave the village as a fief to the Basel Knights zer Sunnen in 1310. Via the heirs of the Röttler, the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg, Neuenweg came to the Margraviate of Baden in 1503 and, after its division in 1535, to the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach, and together with her became Protestant in 1556. Under the margraves Neuenweg belonged to the administrative unit Landgraviate Sausenburg . In the Electorate of Baden and in the early years of the Grand Duchy of Baden , the village was assigned to the Office of Müllheim (1805-1809), the Office of Schönau (1809-1813) and 1885-1924, the Office of Schopfheim (1924-1936). Since then, Neuenweg has been part of the Lörrach district .

19th to 21st century

Towards the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, requests for a railway line Schopfheim - Neuenweg or even a railway through the Belchen massif to the Münstertal came from the Kleiner Wiesental . Due to massive objections from the grand ducal administration (technical difficulties and high costs), the municipalities then refrained from making a formal application.

In a fire disaster on October 8, 1903, the post office, two inns and 12 houses were destroyed. Strong wind and the shingled roofs encouraged the fire to spread rapidly. 24 families were left homeless. On March 1, 1922, the dam of the Nonnenmattweiher broke. The masses of water falling down the valley of the Nonnenmattbach (Weiherbach) tore large tree trunks with it, destroyed some bridges and endangered the power plant near Neuenweg, the sawmill on the road to Bürchau was partially destroyed, and Bürchau was flooded.

In 1934 the community of Heubronn was incorporated into Neuenweg. On January 1, 2009, Neuenweg was incorporated into the newly founded community of Kleines Wiesental. The formerly independent community belonged - from 1972 until its dissolution also on January 1, 2009 - to the community administration association "Kleines Wiesental" with its seat in Tegernau .

Population development

The development of the population shows a long-term downward trend.

year 1813 1852 1875 1905 1939 1950 1970 1979 1992 1995 2005 2007
Neuenweg 125 542 552 524 407 455 451 412 340 333 337 326

coat of arms

"In a divided and half-split shield, a hanging silver eagle's wing in blue above, red at the bottom, gold at the back." The coat of arms was only designed in 1902 by the General State Archives in Karlsruhe . Before that, a picture of the Belchen and the Belchenhöfe was included in the community seal. The eagle wing is intended to indicate that it was part of the Landgraviate of Sausenberg. However, there was never an eagle's wing in their coat of arms. This eagle flight can instead be found in the Breisgau as an image in the coat of arms of the Lords of Üsenberg . The incorrect assignment by the General State Archives is due to an error in the 11th Organizational Edict of the Electorate of Baden of May 2, 1803. There the fields in the coat of arms of the Electorate are incorrectly described. Under C.) 7.) it says: "In the second a silver transverse wing with wings turned downwards and covered with a golden clover stem, on blue because of Sausenberg, ..." The addition "because of Sausenberg" is wrong and apparently led to the Error in the Neuenweger coat of arms. The correct description of the electoral coat of arms can be found in Karl von Neuenstein.

Attractions

Nonnenmattweiher

The entire Belchen massif with the rocky southern slope that slopes down to Neuenweg has been a nature reserve since 1949 . A rare, partly alpine vegetation thrives here.

The Karsee Nonnenmattweiher , located in the forest above Heubronn at an altitude of 915 meters, is also under nature protection , a relic of the Ice Age glaciation of the Black Forest. A peat island floating in the pond is remarkable .

At the "Böllener Eck" there is a Sternschanze and a square redoubt that belong to the front line of the Black Forest Line - a fortification from the 17th century. The fortification system partly coincides with the "Landhag" , a late medieval fortification. The five-pointed Sternschanze has a diameter of about 30 meters and today it is still about 2 to 3 meters deep trenches. The square redoubt is 20 meters long on each side. Between the two systems there are traces of a bulwark, which consisted of a ditch and a wall and continues to the south.

The epitaph of the Electoral Saxon non-commissioned officer Johann Marckloffksy von Zabrak, who was stabbed to death in 1691, is located on the east side of the church in Neuenweg.

Buildings

Evangelical Church Neuenweg

traffic

Three pass roads lead through Neuenweg. A road leads over the Gasthaus Haldenhof into the Münstertal and a second over the Sirnitz Pass to the hamlet of the same name Sirnitz in Badenweiler . The road leads over the Hau into the great meadow valley to Schönau .

Others

Personalities

  • Hedwig Salm (born September 14, 1889 in Neuenweg, † September 19, 1981 in Tegernau) - Alemannic poet
  • Willibald Strohmeyer (born July 6, 1877 in Mundelfingen, † April 22, 1945 in Münstertal / Black Forest) - Catholic dean, was shot in 1945 by the Nazis on the Heubronner Eck.

literature

  • State description department of the State Archives Freiburg im Breisgau (editor): District descriptions of the state of Baden-Württemberg. The district of Loerrach. Volume II. B. Community descriptions Kandern to Zell im Wiesental. Published by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Directorate in conjunction with the Lörrach district. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1994, ISBN 3-7995-1354-X . Anneliese Müller: Neuenweg. Pp. 216-229
  • Werner Störk: The Sternschanze on the "Hau" near Neuenweg - an absolute rarity . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2014, pp. 76–84
    • The enigmatic epitaph at the Evangelical Church of Neuenweg . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2014, pp. 85–99
  • Elmar Vogt: Neuenweg - A little closer to heaven . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2/1998, pp. 10–17 (digitized version of the Freiburg University Library)
  • Michael Fautz: Hospitality in the Kleiner Wiesental. The inn and the older inns in the Kleiner Wiesental. Neuenweg / Neuenweg-Heubronn . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2/1998, pp. 89–98 (digitized version of the Freiburg University Library)
  • Florian Rauch: Smoky kitchen with floating bathroom. About the utilization of a Black Forest farm . In: Monument Preservation in Baden-Württemberg - 31.2002. Pp. 63-67 doi : 10.11588 / nbdpfbw.2002.2 ; Object in Mittelheubronn
  • Albrecht Schlageter : From Belchen to Köhlgarten. "Economic and geometric notes on the Neuweger and Heimbrunner spell" made by geometer Erhardt on behalf of the Margravial Baden administration in 1773. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 2/1982, pp. 107–117 (digital copy from Freiburg University Library)
  • Karl Seith : On the history of Neuenweg. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 2/1961, pp. 2–19 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library

Web links

Commons : Neuenweg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Regional information system for Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Hinterheubronn [living space ] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  2. ^ Regional information system for Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Mittelheubronn [living space ] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  3. ^ Regional information system of Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Vorderheubronn [living space ] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  4. ^ Regional information system of Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Belchenhöfe [living space] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  5. ^ Regional information system for Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Sägemättle [living space] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  6. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI: Freiburg region Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 . Pp. 896-897
  7. ↑ s. Heiner A. Baur: “Concerning the construction of a standard gauge railway from Schopfheim to Neuenweg”. The railway junction Schopfheim - Part I . In: Jahrbuch '94 Stadt Schopfheim, pp. 46–49
  8. ↑ Freiburg newspaper of October 10, 1903, 1st sheet, p. 2; Retrieved October 4, 2014
  9. ↑ Freiburg newspaper of March 3, 1922, 1st sheet, pp. 2–3; Retrieved October 4, 2014
  10. ↑ StBA: Area changes on 01/01/2009
  11. ↑ s. Vogt p. 49
  12. ↑ Harald Huber: Wappenbuch Landkreis Lörrach . Südkurier GmbH, Konstanz 1984, ISBN 3-87799-046-0 . P. 79
  13. ^ Kurfürstlich-Badische Landes-Organization: in thirteen edicts with enclosures and an appendix, containing a list of all localities, farms and areas of the Baden old and new countries , Carlsruhe 1803, p. 334 (digitized version of the Badische Landesbibliothek)
  14. ^ Karl von Neuenstein: The coat of arms of the Grand Ducal House of Baden in its historical development: connected with genealogical notes , Karlsruhe, 1892 (digitized version of the Freiburg University Library)
  15. ↑ Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
  16. ↑ Description from the “Hau” hiking car park
  17. ↑ a detailed description can be found in Störk: The enigmatic epithaph ...
  18. ↑ Baden-Württemberg regional information system (LeoBW): Sirnitz [living space ] - entry in the historical local dictionary of Baden-Württemberg
  19. ↑ The place where the body was found was near the municipal boundary between Münstertal and Neuenweg. The building site for the Dekan-Strohmeyer-Gedächtniskapelle was bought by the Catholic parish of Münstertal from the political community of Neuenweg; see the homepage of the parish Münstertal