Nonnenmattweiher

Nonnenmattweiher nature and landscape protection area IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
View of the Nonnenmattweiher
location	Kleines Wiesental , Loerrach district , Baden-Württemberg , Germany
surface	70.8 ha
Identifier	3,161
WDPA ID	164836
Geographical location	47 ° 48 '  N , 7 ° 48'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 47 '41 "  N , 7 ° 47' 57"  E
Sea level	from 910 m to 1070 m
Setup date	July 31, 1987
administration	Regional council Freiburg

The Nonnenmattweiher is a lake dammed up by means of a dam and a nature reserve of the same name in the southern Black Forest and the Upper Black Forest in Baden-Württemberg, encompassing it and its surroundings .

Surname

The name of the lake is the common name for formerly provided for fattening cattle - so-called. Nuns or Nunnen back. They used to be grazed on the mats of the Karboden. Later, the vernacular assumed a nunnery as the namesake, which, according to legend, sank into the lake after a divine judgment.

geography

The pond and the nature reserve are near Heubronn, part of Neuenweg (municipality of Kleines Wiesental ), in the southern Black Forest in Baden-Württemberg . Other nearby towns are Badenweiler and Münstertal . The lake is located on the eastern slopes of the Köhlgarten massif at around 915  m above sea level. NHN and is almost 325 m long, 200 m wide and up to 7 m deep. (3.7 ha) The - without its large island in the south - 3.1 ha large lake is traversed eastwards by the Weiherbach , which rises on the Heubronner slope in the west, and that over the (Heubronner) Klemmbach , the Belchenwiese and the Kleine Wiese to the meadow drains.

Development history

The Nonnenmattweiher was originally created as a Karsee by a glacier in the Ice Age , but was probably silted up in the Middle Ages and taken over by a raised bog and boggy pastures. The damming up as a mill pond for mills down the valley in 1758 was initially used for trout and carp breeding. However, as the flooded moor tore down and floated up with the damming (due to the formation of gas caverns as a result of fermentation processes in the moor structure), fishing was hardly possible. On March 1, 1922, the rain-soaked dam could not withstand the water pressure, and the falling flood devastated the banks as far as the valley of the Kleiner Wiese . The lake basin was now dry until the dam was rebuilt in the early 1930s. At the beginning of June 1934, the “inauguration” of the new and still 2 meters higher than previously dammed water was celebrated. The moor swam again and even more extensively. To this day it forms a floating peat island, a phenomenon that is also shown by the Huzenbacher See in the northern Black Forest and the Kleine Arbersee in the Bohemian Forest .

In 2004, the area hit the headlines when a tree-felling action, classified by many nature lovers as insensitive, greatly changed the character of the Kares. In 2007 further felling and interventions in the protected area took place. In July 2018, a 35 square meter piece of the peat island broke off and drifted towards the drainage of the pond, which it threatened to clog. In October the broken piece was pulled back to the peat island and connected to it.

Protected areas

Peat island on the Nonnenmattweiher

Nature reserve

By ordinance of the Freiburg Regional Council of July 31, 1987, the Nonnenmattweiher was designated as a nature reserve (protected area number 3.161) on an area of ​​70.8 hectares . It is classified in IUCN Category IV. The CDDA code is 164836 and also corresponds to the WDPA ID .

The protection purpose is the preservation of the area as a particularly beautifully formed cirque with high rock walls, the Nonnenmattweiher as a cirque lake and upstream moraine walls and as a habitat for numerous rare and endangered animal and plant species in various communities, some of which are unique for this natural area.

Landscape protection area

As early as January 20, 1941, the area had been designated as a landscape protection area. After the designation of the nature reserve, a small remaining area of ​​around 2.8 hectares is still a landscape reserve.

vegetation

There are numerous rare plants around and on the lake. There are the species Quendelblättrige Kreuzblume and Arnica , which are on the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany . A special feature is the peat island floating on the water, which has vegetation of flat and transitional moors . Entering the island is prohibited.

For swimming, the northern half of the lake is separated from the southern part with the peat island by a barrier made of floating tree trunks.

See also

• List of lakes in Germany
• List of nature reserves in Baden-Württemberg
• List of nature reserves in the Lörrach district
• List of landscape protection areas in the Lörrach district

literature

• Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Unit: Nature reserves in the Freiburg administrative region . Ed .: Regional Council Freiburg. 3. Edition. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7995-5177-9 .
• Geographical-Cartographic Institute Meyer (1989): Southern Black Forest (Meyers Naturführer). Meyers Lexikonverlag, Mannheim, ISBN 3-411-02775-4
• Kurt Ückert: The Nonnenmattweiher - on the history of a small lake , Schopfheim 1989.
• Alfred Drexlin: The Nonnenmattweiher near Heubronn . In: Der Schwarzwald, Volume 1978, pp. 152–153

Web links

Commons : Nonnenmattweiher  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Badisches Sagenbuch (edited by August Schnezler); Volume 1, Georg Zetter: Nonnenmattweiher , pp. 237–239  - Sources and full texts

• Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
• The Nonnenmattweiher and its surroundings on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( Notes )
• Nonnenmattweiher nature reserve
• Pictures and information

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lake area according to the layer standing waters from the State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information ).
2. ^ Freiburger Zeitung of March 3, 1922; Retrieved October 4, 2014
3. ↑ Stefan Ammann: The peat island on the Nonnenmattweiher is broken. in: Badische Zeitung September 9, 2018; accessed on October 14, 2018
4. ↑ Stefan Ammann: This is how a piece of island in the Nonnenmattweiher is saved. in: Badische Zeitung October 5, 2018; accessed on October 14, 2018
5. ↑ Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
6. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
7. ↑ § 3 Protection Ordinance of the Freiburg Regional Council of July 31, 1987, accessed on November 25, 2013