Niedersfeld
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Niedersfeld
City of Winterberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 40 " N , 8 ° 31 ′ 45" E
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| Height : | 515 m above sea level NN | |
| Area : | 15.17 km² | |
| Residents : | 1393 (Jun. 30, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 92 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 | |
| Postal code : | 59955 | |
| Area code : | 02985 | |
Location of Niedersfeld in Winterberg |
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 View from the air towards the east
of Niedersfeld and the Hillestausee |
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Niedersfeld is a district of Winterberg in the Hochsauerlandkreis , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ).
geography
Niedersfeld is located in the northern part of the Rothaargebirge around 7.5 km (as the crow flies ) north of Winterberg . In the north the village borders on the city of Olsberg , in the east on the municipality of Willingen in Hesse .
Niedersfeld is located at the confluence of the Hillebach in the upper reaches of the Ruhr immediately northwest of the small Hillestausees . The village , whose core is about 515 m above sea level. NN Höhe is the first village on the young Ruhr to be surrounded by a total of seven valleys. A section of the B 480 leads through it, and a section of the Rothaarsteig over the mountains east of Niedersfeld .
The highest mountain near Niedersfeld is the Langenberg at 843.2 m , which is also the highest mountain in North Rhine-Westphalia. It can be found not far to the northeast, at the border triangle between the municipal areas of Winterberg, Olsberg and Willingen. The Langenberg is located directly on the Neuer Hagen nature reserve with the Niedersfelder Hochheide. To the north of the village rises the Öhrenstein ( 792.1 m ), east of the Clemensberg (approx. 837 m ), south of the Rimberg ( 764.5 m ), south-south-west of the Nordhelle ( 792.2 m ), to the south-west of the Hohe Hagen ( 729 m ) and northwest of the Kahlenberg ( 732.8 m ).
history
General
Niedersfeld was first mentioned in a document in 1329.
In 1548 the village "Niedersfelt" belonged to the Free County of Grönebach, which the Lords of Gaugreben had as a fief from the Landgrave of Hesse . At that time it belonged to the Medebach office and thus to the Duchy of Westphalia .
In 1802 the village with the Duchy of Westphalia fell to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt. From 1816 on, Niedersfeld belonged to Prussia. First it was assigned to the Medebach district , then to the Brilon district . Here it was part of the Niedersfeld office , which had its seat in Winterberg.
During the Second World War (1939–1945) a camp with labor maids from the Reich Labor Service was moved to Niedersfeld at the end of 1942 . There were numerous foreign workers in the village. A 13-year-old boy was killed by a bomb on January 1, 1945. On March 29, an endless procession of Wehrmacht vehicles and weapons , often more or less damaged, pulled down the Ruhr Valley through Niedersfeld . This is followed by columns of infantry. The Volkssturm is called in the village . The Volkssturm had to build anti-tank traps in the area. On March 30th, Niedersfeld received a lieutenant colonel as a local commandant. Field Marshal Walter Model , the commander of all units in the Ruhr basin , holds a meeting with two generals in the village. In the next two days several companies of the Volkssturm Freikorps Oberruhr, reinforced by men from the Reich Labor Service, move in. On April 1st the withdrawal of the German troops ceased. In contrast, soldiers are now moving into the village to prepare for the defense there. Lieutenant General Walter Denkert of the 3rd Panzer Grenadier Division was in command. Some of the inhabitants flee into the woods because of the upcoming fighting. The night from April 3rd to 4th is as bright as day due to the constant muzzle flash of the US artillery near Winterberg and the fires in villages to the south. The foreign Volkssturm is withdrawn on April 3, while the local man continues to build anti-tank barriers and trenches under the command of the Wehrmacht. US guns are now firing at the town. The Germans fire back with their 60 guns, which are around and in the village. More and more buildings are hit. On April 4, a woman was killed by shrapnel in the village. The Wehrmacht begins to withdraw its guns. Earth combat is approaching with fire from rifles, machine guns and tanks. Eventually US troops penetrate the village and force the Germans out. While the noise of the battle moves further and further north, columns of smoke from burning buildings stand over the village. In the evening German guns fire into the village. On April 5th, columns of US troops rolled through the valley. Guns are deployed around the village, which now bombard the areas around Siedlinghausen and Bödefeld. On the afternoon of April 6, the US artillery ceased firing and withdrew. A little later, until April 8th, guns began to fire in the surrounding mountains at distant targets. 20 to 25 Germans and seven to ten US soldiers are said to have died in the village. Almost all buildings in Niedersfeld are damaged or even destroyed after the end of the fight. At Bandes Hof and Wulves Hof, a prison camp will be set up on the meadow for captured Germans, including civil prisoners, from the area from Hallenberg to Bestwig. The prisoners stand head to head in the mud. Next to the camps lie dead in sacks, the US soldiers in khaki sacks and the Germans in white sacks. 20 horses and two cows are buried in shell craters. In the period that followed, there were attacks and thefts by former foreign prisoners of the Germans. New bells for the church are cast from the garnet cartridges in and around the village.
In the Second World War, 69 Niedersfelder fell as soldiers, most of them on the Eastern Front , or died in captivity.
On January 1, 1975, the village was incorporated into Winterberg.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1864 | 651 | |
| 1871 | 535 | |
| 1939 | 815 | |
| 1950 | 1256 | |
| 1961 | 1120 | |
| 1966 | 1299 | |
| 1970 | 1408 | |
| 1974 | 1480 | |
| 2009 | 1563 | |
| 2010 | 1582 | |
| 2012 | 1555 |
politics
coat of arms
The goat, known in Low German as the Hitte , is characteristic of Niedersfeld and has been a heraldic animal of the village and many places in the village for many decades . In 2009, Niedersfeld received an official coat of arms for the first time. It contains a wide variety of images, including Saint Agatha, patron saint of the Catholic parish, the Niedersfelder Hitte, the Electoral Cologne Cross, the Gaugreb'schen piles, the water wheel, the depiction of the Ruhr and Hille, the two rivers of the village.
Worth seeing
Sights in the Niedersfeld area include mountains, valleys and forests, which offer good opportunities for relaxation and vacation, as well as the Neuer Hagen nature reserve , in which the Niedersfelder Hochheide is located in a beautiful natural setting. The Hillestausee ("Hillebachsee recreation and leisure center"), which is located in the beautifully situated Hillebach valley , invites you to linger as a small reservoir and bathing lake with a bathing bay that was renovated in 2006.
Organization and village life
Heinz Schmidt ( CDU ) is the mayor of Niedersfeld . In addition to a CDU local group, there is also an SPD local association in Niedersfeld . The CDU has 2 Niedersfelder, the SPD 3 Niedersfelder in the council of the city of Winterberg.
Niedersfeld is a village with many associations. The largest association in the village is the St. Hubertus Schützenbruderschaft, which has been running the Schützenhalle independently since 1998. The brotherhood celebrated its 125th anniversary in 2013 with a two-day anniversary shooting festival. The sports club celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2006 and today maintains a tennis home and a football stadium with artificial turf and a clubhouse. The riding and driving club maintains a riding arena and a riding hall. In addition, KfD, Catholic youth, SGV, brass music, DLRG, fitness club and the Hittenbühne theater association are actively involved in village life. The village community sees itself as the community's umbrella organization and maintains the Josefshaus village community center in addition to the Bochtenbeck barbecue area with a refuge and toilet facilities . The tourist office is responsible for tourist activities. This maintains an information office in the house.
The volunteer fire brigade , a municipal facility in the village, is actively involved in the life of the association. The fire company Niedernfeld consists of more than 80 fire fighters. There is an active department within the fire engine in which men and women volunteer their service. The active department also includes a separate cooking department “fire extinguishers”. In addition, the fire engine maintains a youth fire brigade , in which boys and girls are brought closer to the fire service. There is also an honorary department in which comrades who have retired from active service organize themselves. In 2008, the Niedersfeld fire fighting train had existed for 100 years.
The associations have organized themselves in the Niedersfeld village community and offer both internal and public events. Extraordinary celebrations are therefore also supported by the entire village community. Examples are the Jubilee Lake Festival on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of Hillebachsee (2007), the District Rifle Festival of the District Rifle Association Brilon (2011) or the City Rifle Festival of the City Association of Winterberg (2012).
church
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At first, Niedersfeld was not a separate parish , but was affiliated with the mother parish of Grönebach . After energetic disputes with the neighboring town, especially with the pastor and the archbishop in Cologne , who was still responsible at the time , the community became its own vicarie in 1784 . The Niedersfeld church was still a subsidiary church and still dependent on Grönebach. In addition, the community had no authorization to create its own cemetery. A real "war of freedom" was waged for over 100 years, until Niedersfeld was parish off from Grönebach in 1893. The parish became an independent parish and at that time had to pay 7,425 marks in severance payments.
Since 1821 Niedersfeld has belonged to the Archdiocese of Paderborn . In 1887 the old and dilapidated chapel was demolished. The construction of the new parish church began. The inauguration of the new parish church followed in 1888. It was added in 1954/55 because there was not enough space for the believers. In 1973, due to the resolutions of the Second Vatican Council, a major renovation of the church followed. It was not until 2003 that major renovation and reconstruction work began again. During this time the church was given a completely new color scheme. The parish of St. Agatha Niedersfeld is part of the Winterberg Pastoral Association , which was founded in February 2014 by the merger of the Winterberg-North and Winterberg-South pastoral associations in the Niedersfeld parish church with a furnishing ceremony.
The Catholic parish is responsible for the St. Agatha Kindergarten. In addition, many parishioners work voluntarily as lecturers, communion helpers or in the parish charity within the parish. Many things in everyday life are done by volunteers, such as preparing for Christmas or Easter, preparing communion and confirmation, or other celebrations.
For the Protestant Christians , who are a minority in Niedersfeld, a service was held in the parish hall every 14 days. However, this possibility no longer exists today, but the Protestant Christians have the opportunity to attend the service in the Protestant church in Winterberg. Catholic Christians hold services several times a week.
literature
- Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 - reports from many employees from all over the district. Josefs-Druckerei, Bigge 1955, DNB 450625567 .
Web links
- Tourist information pages in Niedersfeld
- The place and its clubs in Niedersfeld
- Niedersfeld in the Westphalian Cultural Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ City of Winterberg: Winterberg in facts and figures , accessed on December 30, 2019
- ^ Alfred Bruns: Hallenberger sources and archive directories . Münster 1991, DNB 911121390 , p. 67.
- ↑ Manfred Schöne: The Duchy of Westphalia under Hesse-Darmstadt rule 1802-1816. Olpe 1966, DNB 458875309 , p. 172.
- ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, section Medebach, DNB 450625567 , pp. 122-127.
- ^ Hugo Cramer: The district of Brilon in the Second World War 1939-1945 . 1955, roll of honor section Niedersfeld, DNB 450625567 , pp. 234–236.
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 332 .
- ↑ a b c d e Statistical Review for the District of Brilon, Düsseldorf 1967, p. 16f.
- ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 133 .
- ↑ Facts and data from Winterberg. City of Winterberg, June 30, 2012, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; Retrieved January 17, 2014 .
Altastenberg | Altenfeld | Elkeringhausen | Grönebach | Hildfeld | Hoheleye | Boredom | Lenneplatz | Minor soaps | Neuastenberg | Niedersfeld | Siedlinghausen | Silbach | Züschen