New Hagen

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Neuer Hagen nature reserve

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

The Neuer Hagen nature reserve from the air, in front of the nature reserve you can see wind thrown areas from Hurricane Kyrill and spruce forests

The Neuer Hagen nature reserve from the air, in front of the nature reserve you can see wind thrown areas from Hurricane Kyrill and spruce forests

location North of Hildfeld
surface 73.89 ha
Identifier HSK-006
WDPA ID 82238
Geographical location 51 ° 16 '  N , 8 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 15 '32 "  N , 8 ° 34' 27"  E
Neuer Hagen (North Rhine-Westphalia)
New Hagen
Setup date 1965
Neuer Hagen (also: Niedersfelder Hochheide)
New Hagen
Grazing heather sheep
Tree pipit
Meadow pipit

The Neue Hagen , also called Niedersfelder Hochheide , is a 73.89  hectare nature conservation and FFH area in the northeastern Rothaargebirge on the northern slope of the Clemensberg (approx.  837  m above sea  level ) in the Hochsauerlandkreis in the southeast of North Rhine-Westphalia . It is the largest high mountain heather in northwest Germany.

Geographical location and climate

The Neue Hagen lies on the state border with Hesse between the Clemensberg , the Langenberg ( 843.2  m ), the Hopperkopf ( 832.3  m ) and the Hegekopf ( 842.9  m ) 4.5 km southwest of Willingen and 2 km east from Niedersfeld , a district of Winterberg .

The area is 740 and 830  m above sea level. It is traversed by the watershed between the Ruhr and Diemel , which is part of the Rhine-Weser watershed . The Hoppecke , a tributary of the Diemel, rises in several basins in the area . A historical hiking trail and the Rothaarsteig run through it .

The long-term mean temperature is 5 ° C and the mean amount of precipitation is 1454 mm.

At the eastern end of the New Hagen in Hesse, in the municipality of Willingen, lies the Alter Hagen nature reserve , with an area of ​​143.55 hectares. The Alte Hagen was designated as a nature reserve in 1989 and is part of the FFH area NSG complex near Willingen (No. 4718-301).

Neuer Hagen nature reserve

In 1965, the Arnsberg district government designated the area as a nature reserve (NSG) for the first time . In 1983 the New Hagen was again designated as a nature reserve by the Hochsauerlandkreis in a size of 76.5 hectares in the Winterberger Plateau landscape plan . In 2008 the area of ​​Hochsauerlandkreis was again designated as NSG in the Winterberg landscape plan with a size of 73.8 ha.

In 2006 the New Hagen was also designated as an FFH area (DE 4717-302) Neuer Hagen with a size of 74 hectares by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia .

Landscape and history

In the area of ​​Neuer Hagen, a unique heathland landscape of around 60 ha today and a raised bog area of ​​17 ha with rare flora and fauna have developed through human use . It is the largest high or mountain heath in North Rhine-Westphalia and has developed from former beech forests through centuries of cattle grazing and pest management . On the measuring table sheet 4717 (Niedersfeld) from 1898, the Neuer Hagen heathland itself is still 174 hectares in size and there was a total of 1,240 hectares of heathland. The majority of the heathland around Niedersfeld and also the peripheral areas of the New Hagen were afforested with spruce between 1930 and 1950 . Today the nature reserve is surrounded by spruce forests, only in the southwest is the large diabase quarry adjacent to the Clemensberg. The centuries-old use of the heather and cattle grazing in the moor areas was stopped as early as 1920, which subsequently led to an aging of the heather. Large parts of the heather were populated by the wire forks and / or trees.

First efforts to preserve the heather character of the area were made in the mid-1950s. From this time on, spruce trees up to a height of two meters, which had settled due to the arrival of seeds, were sawn off. From 1962 to 1970, individual older spruces were removed every year. In 1971, smaller areas were burned, mowed or milled. In 1976 and 1980, partial areas were mulched, with the mulch material partly remaining on the area or being removed. In the years 1985 to 1985 there was extensive removal of trees. In 1986 the Association for Nature and Bird Conservation in the Hochsauerlandkreis created a biotope management plan for the area. From 1989 to 2004, around 8.3 hectares of the heather were mechanically plowed, which means that the vegetation cover was punctured or lifted off and removed with so-called plow planes or excavators. The typical plant species of the high heather, such as common heather, lingonberry and blueberry, spread again on the machine-plowed areas. In 2009, large parts of the heather were mowed with the brush cutter in order to remove the new woody approach.

The maintenance measures were carried out by the Sauerland Mountain Association until 1984 . From 1985 to 1986 the Lower Landscape Authority of the Hochsauerlandkreis was in charge. From 1987 the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis took over the management of the care.

Since June 1987 the heather has been grazed by the Bigger Josefsheim of the Josefs-Gesellschaft with Heidschnucken , a special breed of sheep from the Lüneburg Heath , and goats. The grassland areas of the Alter Hagen nature reserve, which is located to the east of the Neuer Hagen NSG, are also grazed by the Bigger Josefsheim herd . The sheep pen was located east of the NSG until 2014 and east of the Clemensberg since 2014.

fauna

In the Neuer Hagen nature reserve there are rare species of birds such as cuckoo , meadow pipit , tree pipit and gray shrike . Tree pipit and meadow pipit can be described as the character species of the area. In 2007, tree pipits were able to detect 30 breeding grounds spread over the entire nature reserve. In 2007, 10 breeding grounds were found for the meadow pipit, all of which are located in the central heathland area, which is practically free of wood. Due to the different woody stock in the nature reserve, the populations of tree and meadow pipit shifted significantly from 1965 to 2007. In 1965, only seven breeding grounds were found for the tree pipit and 64 for the meadow pipit.

Other breeding birds include the fluke , robin , chaffinch , field owl , chiffchaff , fitis , dunnock , blackcap and blackbird . Former breeding birds are woodlark , goat milker , common snipe and black grouse . Furthermore, there were earlier observations of the breeding season of the capercaillie and hazel grouse , although these species should have hatched outside of the present-day area due to their breeding site requirements.

See also

literature

  • F. Borchard, AM Schulte & T. Fartmann: Restitution of montane heaths in the Rothaar Mountains . 2014, Natur in NRW 1, pp. 32–35
  • Christiane Breder & Werner Schubert: Hochheide management using the example of the "Neuer Hagen" nature reserve (Hochsauerlandkreis) . 1998, Annual Nature Conservation in Hessen 3, Se. 208-215
  • G. Eber: Breeding bird inventory in the nature reserve "Neuer Hagen" near Niedersfeld . Nature u. Heimat 29 :, pp. 4–9
  • Harald Legge: Breeding population survey of the tree anthus trivialis and meadow pipit A. pratensis in the NSG "Neuer Hagen" in 2007 . 2009, Charadrius 45, pp. 219-224
  • Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority: Landscape plan Winterberg (PDF; 1.4 MB). Meschede 2008, p. 94
  • Werner Schubert: The Avizönose of the nature reserve "Neuer Hagen". 1989, Charadrius 25, pp. 23-31
  • Werner Schubert, Robert Trappmann & Bettina Gräf: Preservation and restitution of heaths in the eastern Hochsauerlandkreis . 2008, Abh. Westfälisches Museum für Naturkunde 70, pp. 261–276
  • VNV: Annual report of the Ornithological Working Group (OAG) of the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis eV (VNV) for 2007 , Marsberg 2007.

Web links

Commons : Neuer Hagen nature reserve  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fabian Borchard, Axel Schulte & Thomas Fartmann: Rapid response of Orthoptera to restoration of montane heathland . 2013, Biodiversity and Conservation 22, pp. 687-700
  2. Alter Hagen nature reserve near Willingen , on the NABU Waldeck-Frankenberg website , accessed on December 6, 2014
  3. ^ Office for state maintenance of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association on behalf of the Hochsauerlandkreis (ed.): Landscape plan Winterberger Hochfläche , Meschede 1983, pp. 61–62.
  4. ^ Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority (ed.): Landscape plan Winterberg , Meschede 1993, pp. 94–95.
  5. ^ Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority (ed.): Landscape plan Winterberg , Meschede 1993, pp. 196–198.