Nizhny Baskuntschak

Urban-type settlement Nizhny Baskuntschak Нижний Баскунчак Federal district Southern Russia Oblast Astrakhan Rajon Akhtubinsk head Vladimir Androsov Founded 1884 Earlier names Baskuntschak Urban-type settlement since 1925 population 2789 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 10  m below sea level Time zone UTC + 4 Telephone code (+7) 85141 Post Code 416532 License Plate 30th OKATO 12 205 568 Geographical location Coordinates 48 ° 13 '  N , 46 ° 50'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 13 '15 "  N , 46 ° 49' 45"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Astrakhan Oblast

Nizhny Baskuntschak ( Russian: Ни́жний Баскунча́к ) is an urban-type settlement in the Astrakhan Oblast ( Russia ) with 2789 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement lies on the northern edge of the Caspian basin about 230 km as the crow NNW of Oblastverwaltungszentrums Astrakhan , on the western shore of Salt Lake Baskunchak near the border with Kazakhstan .

Nizhny Baskuntschak belongs to Akhtubinsk Raion and is about 50 km to the east from its administrative center Akhtubinsk .

history

The place was created in 1884 in connection with the beginning of the mining of the salt reserves of Lake Baskuntschak on an industrial scale. This year the Baskuntschak Railway (Russian Baskuntschakskaja schelesnaja doroga ) was opened, which connected the lake with several loading points on the Volga arm Akhtuba in the area of ​​today's city Akhtubinsk. The end point of the route at the lake and the associated settlement were initially simply called Baskuntschak after the lake .

In 1907 the railway line from Saratov to Astrakhan was opened, which crosses the Baskuntschak Railway about ten kilometers west of the lake. There a larger station and a settlement were built, which was named Verkhny Baskuntschak ('Upper Baskuntschak') ; the terminus and the settlement on the lake were subsequently called Nizhny Baskuntschak ( 'Nieder-' or 'Unter-Baskuntschak' ) because they are located about 50 meters below sea level in the depression that the Baskuntschak Lake occupies.

In 1925, Nizhny Baskuntschak received urban-type settlement status.

Population development

year	Residents
1939	4461
1959	4774
1970	3477
1979	3768
1989	3360
2002	3167
2010	2789

Note: census data

Attractions

Around the north, east and south shores of Lake Baskuntschak near Nizhny Baskuntschak stretches the Bogdo Baskuntschak nature reserve , a 185 square kilometer nature reserve that includes dry steppe areas with the Bolshoye Bogdo hill, which is about 200 meters above the lake in the south raises.

Economy and Infrastructure

At Nizhny Baskuntschak, 1.5 to 5 million tons of table salt are extracted from Lake Baskuntschak, which accounts for up to 80% of Russia's table salt production. There is also a plaster factory . Bathing tourism to the lake plays a modest role.

The place is the end point of a railway line from Verkhny Baskuntschak, the former Baskuntschak Railway , operated today by the Privolschskaja schelesnaja doroga ("Volga Railway") of the RŽD (freight traffic only). Road connections exist along the railway line to Akhtubinsk, where the regional road from Volgograd to Astrakhan runs to the left of the Volga or Akhtuba.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Article Nizhny Baskuntschak in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D081626~2a%3D~2b%3DNischni%20Baskuntschak