Nové Zámky (Nesovice)
| Nové Zámky | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Vyškov | ||||
| Municipality : | Nesovice | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 9 ' N , 17 ° 5' E | ||||
| Height: | 250 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | |||||
| Postal code : | 683 33 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Brno - Uherské Hradiště | ||||
| Railway connection: | Brno - Veselí nad Moravou | ||||
Nové Zámky (German New Castle ) is a settlement in the municipality of Nesovice in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers east of Bučovice and belongs to the Okres Vyškov .
geography
Nové Zámky is located on the northern edge of the Ždánický les nature park between the Litenčické vrchy and the Ždánický les ( Steinitzer Forest ) in the Litava valley ( Leitha ). The village extends on both sides of the Litava. To the east lies the Mars Mountains . In the north rise the Kopánky (349 m), northeast the Soudný (328 m), south the Vysoká (347 m) and the Nebštich (377 m), southwest the Strašník (340 m), west the Černecký hájek (355 m) and in the northwest of the Milonický hájek (344 m). The E 50 / I / 50 road from Brno to Uherské Hradiště and the Brno - Veselí nad Moravou railway line pass through Nové Zámky . The nearest train station is Nesovice .
Neighboring towns are Komorov and Chvalkovice in the north, Dobročkovice in the north-east, Brankovice in the east, Dvorek, Blišice, Nemotice and Snovídky in the south-east, Letošov in the south-west, Nesovice in the west and Milonice and Uhřice in the north-west.
history
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Záviš von Víckov auf Dobročkovice had a mighty four-wing Renaissance chateau built between 1561 and 1569 east of Nesovice on a terrace above the Litava and the Kynický rybník pond, which remained unfinished after his death. A farm yard with a brewery, hop garden and tree garden was built below the castle. In 1575 Přemek von Víckov sold the lordship of Neuschloss with the associated villages Dobročkovice, Nesovice and Zástřizly including the festivals, the farm and vineyards in Zástřizly as well as the Kynický desert and half of Stařzie to the brothers Heinrich and Sigismund von Zástřizl . They were soon followed by the Martinovský from Rozseč to Litenčice and from 1581 by Niklas von Hrádek to Hoschtitz. Until 1610 the knights of Hrádek can be proven to have owned the Neuschloß. From the 17th century, the Moravian name Nowizamky was used in addition to the original name New Castle . After the Battle of White Mountain , the goods belonging to Adam Kravařský von Šlejvice were confiscated and Neuschloss with the associated villages Nesovice , Dobročkovice and the special goods Milonice and Šardičky were sold to the imperial chamberlain and favorite Nikolaus Nusser von Nußeck for 8598 thalers. During the Thirty Years War Hungarians, Cumans and Swedes sacked the area. When the Swedes invaded the castle in 1645, it was also ruined. Nusser lost property and offices due to embezzlement; In 1660 the Elector Karl Kaspar von der Leyen from Trier acquired the rule. He sold it in 1664 to Georg Ludwig von Sinzendorf , who in the same year passed it on to the commandant of the Hungarian Hradisch fortress , Alexander Heinrich von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg . After his death, the heirs sold the property to Johann Baptist von Dippenthal in 1672. In 1689 Johann Baptist d´Ordonez inherited Neuschloss. In 1708 he appointed his siblings Josef and Franziska as heirs. Four years later they shared the property. Josef d´Ordonez received a new castle with Dobročkovice and three fifths from Nesovice; Franziska Fragstein von Niemsdorff got the goods Milonice and Šardičky as well as the other two fifths of Nesovice. Josef d´Ordonez sons Josef and Johann Baptist sold Neuschloss around 1720 to Ludwig von Sinzendorf, who soon sold the property to Christoph Rzikowsky von Dobrschitz. Johann Michael von Fuchsstein bought the manor from Johann Joseph Rzikowsky in 1729 for 76,500 guilders. He was followed in 1731 by his widow Maximiliana Franziska Hetzer von Aurauch. Maximiliana Franziska, who was married to Count von Oudoille for the second time, sold Neuschloss on March 27, 1750 for 86,000 guilders to the founder of the Olomouc learned society Societas incognitorum , Josef Leopold von Petrasch . Petrasch left Olomouc in 1758 and moved to Neuschloss. Under Petrasch, Neuschloss achieved its cultural heyday. Here he wrote plays that he had performed in the castle. In addition, he had books printed and set up a rich library at Neuschloss with a collection of first prints and foreign-language literature. After his death in 1772 his daughter Maria Anna Freiin von Petrasch inherited the property. In 1790 the siblings Karolina von Lipowsky, Maria Anna von Petrasch and Josepha von Hochberg sold the estate for 100,000 guilders to Johann Nepomuk Count Wengerský. He sold it three years later to Count Anton Wengerský for the purchase price. In 1797 the Halberstadt canon Ludwig Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf bought the property for 135,000 guilders. In 1798 Alois Joseph von Liechtenstein acquired the Allodgut Neuschloss for the same price and added it to his reign of Butschowitz . As a result, the mansion became extinct. From then on, the castle was used as a depot and residential building, and its decline began. The western part of the north wing was then demolished. The settlements Nové Zámky and V Koutě were established in the foreland of the chateau in the 18th century, and their houses were made from the building materials of the chateau. The only local seal of Nové Zámky dates from 1800. It bears the inscription Novozamska obecz 1800 . Apparently at that time there were efforts to make the emerging settlement of Nesovice independent, which could never be enforced. In 1834 498 people lived in the 83 houses in Nesovice and Nové Zámky. Nové Zámky has always been parish in Milonice.
After the abolition of patrimonial Nové Zámky formed from 1850 a district of the municipality Nesovice in the district administration Wischau . In 1855 the road from Letošov via Nové Zámky to Snovídky was built. From 1869, the Liechtensteiners leased the allod property. In the 1870s a railway line was built in the Litava valley, which led from Brno via Hungarian Hradisch to the Wlara pass . Rail traffic was started in 1878. In 1890 the Liechtensteiners united the lords of Steinitz and Butschowitz to form Gut Butschowitz-Steinitz. The Nesovice-Letošov volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1896. Three years later, the fire brigade split up after disputes with the two community boards. In 1901 Nové Zámky consisted of 63 houses with 309 inhabitants. In 1909 a school for Nesovice and Nové Zámky was built in Nesovice, previously Milonice was also a school location. In 1912 the bell tower was expanded into a chapel. In the same year, the tenant Otakar Sekala donated his collection of 300 books to the public as Otakarova knihovna . The last tenant of the Liechtenstein property was the Austerlitz sugar manufacturer Redlich between 1912 and 1924 . In the course of the land reform, the Nové Zámky estate was transferred to the legionnaire Alois Cigánek in 1924 and the Zemědělské družstvo legionářské Nové Zámky ( Agricultural Cooperative of Legionnaires Nové Zámky ) was formed. The remaining parts of the property were parceled out between 1921 and 1924 and sold to residents of the villages of Nesovice, Nové Zámky, Letošov and Dobročkovice. As a result, Nesovice grew with Nové Zámky in 1930 to 247 houses in which over a thousand people lived. In 1926 V Koutě and Nové Zamky were electrified. At the same time, the Litava began to be regulated and the Nové Zamky mill was demolished. In 1933 the municipality of Nesovice bought the Vysoká forest south of Nové Zámky from the princes of Liechtenstein. Part of it was cleared and Nové Zámky was extended to the left bank of the Litava along the road to Snovídky. As a result, Nesovice, Letošov and Nové Zámky grew together. In 1938 the road from Bučovice to Brankovice was laid south of the village . During this time, the double-track expansion of the railway line began. After the German occupation , the Neuschloss estate was confiscated from the property of the Cigánek family and given to an Imperial German named Büchelmeyer. With the merger of the municipalities of Nesovice and Letošov, Nové Zámky lost the status of a district in 1942.
After the end of the Second World War, Alois Cigánek got his property back and sold it to his niece. Between 1950 and 1960 Nové Zámky belonged to the Okres Bučovice and after its abolition came back to the Okres Vyškov at the beginning of 1961. In the second half of the 20th century, the local agricultural cooperative became the owner of the castle and ran it completely down. On the initiative of the State Preservation of Monuments, the palace, which was threatened with complete decay, was renovated in the 1970s. After 1990 the castle became the property of the Krajského památkového střediska (KPS). In 1989 the Florián family applied for restitution on the estate and castle, which was granted in 2002. The cultural and social events in the castle were discontinued in 2004 in the run-up to a sale. Since then, the castle has been used as a residence and is no longer open to the public. At the 2001 census, 790 people lived in the 306 houses in Nesovice and Nové Zámky.
Attractions
- Renaissance castle Nové Zámky , north on a terrace above the village, the unfinished building was built between 1561–1569 and is unique in its construction in Moravia.
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, built in 1715 at the instigation of the landlord Josef d´Ordonez on the dam of Podzámecký rybník.
- Chapel of the Virgin Mary's Cradle Festival in Nové Zámky, built in 1912 and repaired in 2000.
- Ždánický les Nature Park
Personalities
- Josef Leopold von Petrasch (1714–1772), he recruited the rule of Neuschloss in 1750 and spent his old age at the castle.
literature
- Franz Joseph Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. Volume 2: Brno and Hradian districts. Printed by Joseph Hraschanzky kk German and Hebrew court printer and bookseller, Vienna 1793, pp. 580–581 .
- Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate of Moravia. Described topographically, statistically and historically. Volume 2: Brno District. Department 1. Self-published by the author, Brno 1836, pp. 211–212 .