Partido Social Democrata (East Timor)
The Partido Social Democrata ( German Social Democratic Party ) is an East Timorese party that was founded on September 20, 2000. Despite its name, the party, like its Portuguese model , is usually considered to be part of the center-right in the political spectrum (conservative, Christian-democratic). She describes herself as standing in the middle between left and right. The party's founders aimed to offer voters a moderate alternative to FRETILIN and UDT . In 2002 the party had 8,000 members. Since then, the PSD has lost its importance.
The PSD was one of five parties in the Aliança da Maioria parliamentarian AMP coalition in the East Timorese national parliament , which was the government between 2007 and 2012.
General
When it was founded at the headquarters of the Conselho Nacional de Resistência Timorense CNRT , Xanana Gusmão spoke as a speaker, which is why the party was said to be close to the first president of East Timor . From its inception, the party was a member of the CNRT, the umbrella organization of East Timorese parties and organizations, until its dissolution in 2001. The symbol of the party is the crocodile, which plays a role in the creation story of Timor . The party color is orange, following the example of the Portuguese PSD , the party motto is “Solidariedade Igualdade Liberdade” ( solidarity, equality, freedom ). There is a separate youth department and an employee department. There are also working groups on work, the political system, the economy, foreign policy and other political areas.
program
The PSD advocates respect for human rights, pluralism, participation, social justice, the rule of law, the setting of a minimum salary, the rights of women, children and minorities, and individual equality and rights. The PSD rejects politics based on an ideology. The role of the government in the economy and in environmental protection is emphasized. Their efforts focus on education, culture, housing and health. The death penalty and abortion are rejected. Social benefits are primarily intended for those most affected by the War of Independence, namely veterans, widows and orphans. The PSD supported the introduction of Portuguese as the official language and a further development of the Tetum .
history
_in_Dili,_July_2012.jpg)
In the first parliamentary elections on August 30, 2001 , the PSD received 8.2% of the vote and thus six of the 88 seats in the parliament of East Timor . The PSD deputies in parliament were Fernando Dias Gusmão, Leandro Isaac , Lúcia Lobato and Vidal de Jesus ( Comandante Riak Leman , former member of FALINTIL ). Milena Pires (former campaign manager of Xanana Gusmão, gave up her mandate to become head of UNIFEM Timor-Leste ) and Mário Viegas Carrascalão were replaced by João Mendes Gonçalves and Maria da Paixão da Costa , Vice-President of Parliament, during the legislative period . Isaac, until then deputy party chairman, was expelled from the PSD in 2003, but kept his seat in parliament.
At the beginning of March, Isaac joined the rebels trapped in Same , led by Alfredo Reinado , to protest against their threatened arrest. When the village was stormed by Australian soldiers, he was unharmed. Four rebels died, some were captured, but Reinado managed to escape. Before these incidents, the PSD asked Reinado to run as its candidate in the 2007 presidential election. Later, party leader Mário Viegas Carrascalão announced his candidacy, but then Lúcia Lobato stood as the only female candidate in the elections. She was eliminated after the first ballot with 8.86% of the vote.
In the parliamentary elections on June 30, 2007 , the PSD entered a joint list with the Associação Social-Democrata de Timor ASDT . The list was called Coligação ASDT / PSD ( Coalition ASDT / PSD , C-ASDT / PSD for short). She received 15.73% of the vote and 11 of the 65 seats in parliament. It became the third strongest force after FRETILIN and Congresso Nacional da Reconstrução Timorense CNRT . In the former districts of Manufahi , Aileu and Ainaro , the ASDT / PSD even won the most votes. FRETILIN, which became the strongest party with 21 seats, claimed leadership in a future government, be it a minority government or a coalition, but C-ASDT / PSD, CNRT and Partido Democrático PD formed a coalition under the Name alliance of the parliamentary majority together, short AMP. The AMP had a narrow majority in parliament with 37 seats. After unsuccessful negotiations with FRETILIN and mediation attempts by President Ramos-Horta, the CNRT chairman Xanana Gusmão was finally entrusted with forming a government and now headed an AMP government as prime minister. The PSD provided three ministers in the government.
At the beginning of May the ASDT signed a declaration of alliance with FRETILIN. However, she did not leave the government coalition, but plans to work with FRETILIN in the next elections. Both parties therefore called for new elections in spring 2009. The PSD remained in the coalition with the CNRT, despite dissatisfaction in its own ranks.
In the parliamentary elections in 2012 , the PSD failed with 10,158 votes (2.15%) at the three percent hurdle. The PSD received over 3% in the districts of Bobonaro (3.17%), Manufahi (5.70%) and Oecusse (5.87%). But separated from the alliance in 2018 before the early elections on May 12th to become part of the
In the 2017 parliamentary elections , the PSD received 0.83% of the vote and failed to pass the four percent hurdle. The PSD then joined the Fórum Demokrátiku Nasionál (FDN), but separated from the alliance in 2018 before the early elections on May 12th to become part of the Movimento Social Democrata (MSD). In the early parliamentary elections in East Timor in 2018 , the MSD clearly failed because of the four percent threshold with only 3,188 votes (share: 0.5%).
Important members
The co-founder and first chairman of the PSD was Mário Viegas Carrascalão, who was governor of what was then the province of Timor Timur during the Indonesian occupation and who exposed human rights violations by the Indonesians. He was highly regarded in East Timor and all of Southeast Asia.
His successor as party chairman was Zacarias Albano da Costa on December 7, 2008 . He prevailed against General Secretary Fernando Dias Gusmão in a voting vote. Costa was East Timor’s Foreign Minister between 2007 and 2012, formerly advisor to the US Department of Development USAID and former Vice-Chair of the UDT (1993-2000). For a time, Costa was General Secretary of the PSD. Fernando Gusmão eventually left the PSD and founded the Partido do Desenvolvimento Nacional ( Party of National Development PDN). The General Secretary of the PSD is now Marito Magno .
Lúcia Lobato was deputy chairwoman and sat for the PSD from 2001 to 2007 in the national parliament. She was a candidate for the presidency in 2007 and was Minister of Justice in the fourth East Timorese government from 2007 to 2012. In 2012, Lobato was sentenced to five years in prison for fund mismanagement and dismissed from office. Another vice chairman is Vidal Riak Leman de Jesus.
João Mendes Gonçalves was also vice chairman and party spokesman. He held the post of Minister for Economy and Development in the IV Government. For the 2017 and 2018 parliamentary elections, he unsuccessfully led the party into the election campaign as the new chairman.
Papito Monteiro was State Secretary for Rural Development from August 2007 to September 2008, but resigned from his post for health reasons. In 2017 he was Vice President of the PSD.
Other former members of the management level of FRETILIN and UDT are also among the founders. Even the later President of East Timor, the non-party José Ramos-Horta is said to have played a role in the establishment, which Ramos-Horta denies. Other prominent members are Germano Jesus da Silva (formerly FRETILIN), Carlos Alberto and Ágio Pereira (formerly FRETILIN, now CNRT).
Web links
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ STAE ( memento of December 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on September 9, 2012.
- ↑ STAE: Preliminary final result of July 24, 2017 .
- ↑ FORUM DEMOKRATIKU NASIONAL (APMT, BUP, PST, PSD, PDP, MLPM, PDC) KOMUNIKADU DE IMPRENSA , January 12, 2018 , accessed on January 13, 2018.
- ↑ CNE: Apuramento Eleisaun MP 2018 , May 17, 2018 , accessed May 17, 2018.
- ↑ Zacarias (Minister of Foreign Affairs) Threatens to Resign to the Prime Minister by SMS, Xanana asks him to do so quickly , Tempo Semanal Timor, April 3, 2010, accessed July 31, 2017.
- ↑ Electoral lists of the parliamentary elections 2012 ( Memento of the original from April 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Former East Timor justice minister receives jail sentence , Radio Australia, June 8, 2012, accessed June 9, 2012.
- ↑ Lospalos News: Papito Monteiro hato'o Parabens ba Parpol 5 ne'ebe liu bareira || Facebook , July 26, 2017 , accessed on December 22, 2017.
