Parliamentary elections in East Timor 2017
The regular parliamentary elections in East Timor in 2017 decided on the composition of the fourth national parliament of East Timor ( Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste ) . They took place on July 22, 2017.
Political situation before the elections
After the 2012 elections , a coalition of Congresso Nacional da Reconstrução Timorense (CNRT) , Partido Democrático (PD) and Frenti-Mudança (FM) was formed. With the resignation of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão , who wanted to initiate a generation change, representatives of FRETILIN also came into the government cabinet . The new Prime Minister was Rui Maria de Araújo from FRETILIN on February 16, 2015 . In the absence of a parliamentary opposition, President Taur Matan Ruak saw the need to take on this role himself, which led to several conflicts between the president and the government. The dispute also resulted in a rift between the CNRT and PD and a break in the alliance between the two parties. The PD members were elected from the parliamentary presidium, which then consisted only of CNRT representatives. The PD members in the cabinet remained in office and instead left their party.
The Partidu Libertasaun Popular PLP is given special attention . The party, which was founded in 2015, will be led in the parliamentary elections by Taur Matan Ruak, who - in order to be able to become prime minister - no longer stood in the previous presidential elections in 2017 . The PLP is running in the same constituency as the PD, which could cost the older party votes. After the sudden death of the party leader of the PD Fernando de Araújo in 2015, however, the lively campaign of the PD candidate António da Conceição , who took second place with 32%, was a surprise. However, he was still supported by the PLP and the KHUNTO during the election campaign .
The Frenti-Mudança are certified as having difficulties, especially since one of their top politicians, Jorge da Conceição Teme , has turned to the PLP.
Observers speculated that there would be shifts in the power structure. The younger generation has a weaker bond with the old heroes of the struggle for independence and has more focus on education and jobs. That could be at the expense of FRETILIN and the CNRT. Facebook and other networks that are very popular with the younger generation will have more influence than traditional media .
In a nationwide poll by the International Republican Institute in November 2016, 98% of 1,200 respondents said they planned to vote. 72% expect the country to be better next year and 49% already see it on the right track. 29% of the respondents think that the government is doing a very good job, 45% think the job is good. 44% say they are close to FRETILIN, 75% have a positive attitude towards the party. 29% saw the condition of the country's roads as the most important problem. 32% thought it had gotten worse in the last year, 29% saw an improvement. A majority of respondents saw improvements in health care (79%), education (78%) and electricity (71%). 66% are afraid of violent rioting in the vicinity of the elections.
Legal background
The government changed some provisions in the electoral law in 2016. East Timorese in exile were given the right to vote. For this they have to register, which leads to problems. So there is a larger East Timorese community in Ireland and the United Kingdom . However, your members have to register at the embassy in Lisbon . In Australia , where 20,000 eligible voters (out of a total of 70,000 East Timorese), there are said to be several registration offices. Around 20,000 East Timorese live in Portugal and the British Isles, of which around 8,000 should be eligible to vote. In East Timor itself, 728,363 eligible voters were registered up to August 2016, more than 153,000 of them in the state capital Dili alone . The voting age has been reduced to at least 16 years. For the first time, voters took part who had not yet lived during the Indonesian occupation (1975–1999). 369,000 (51%) of the eligible voters are between 17 and 35 years old; 118,000 (33%) are between 36 and 59 years old. 16% of voters are 60 years or older. 1,370 eligible voters are 16 years old (as of December 2016).
Each party or alliance list must contain 65 candidates and 65 substitute candidates. Every third candidate must be a woman. The seats are allocated in the order on the lists. The seats are allocated to the lists according to the D'Hondt procedure , with the last seat, in the case of several equal maximum numbers, being allocated to the party with the fewest votes.
The government rejected the proposal to raise the three percent hurdle to a five percent hurdle. For this, a four percent hurdle was finally passed by parliament on February 13th. The FM, which is represented in parliament, did not reach this hurdle in the last election.
The East Timorese can cast their vote between 7 a.m. and 3 p.m. in 1121 polling stations in 859 polling centers and, for the first time, in overseas offices in Australia ( Sydney , Melbourne and Darwin ), South Korea ( Seoul ), Portugal ( Lisbon ) and Great Britain ( London ). Since many East Timorese did not register as voters at their place of residence, the electoral authorities estimate that half of the voters have to travel to their home town in another part of the country. The government has therefore made July 21 a public holiday to make traveling easier. According to the Secreteriado Técnico de Administração Eleitoral (STAE) there are 764,858 voters registered. 163,129 of them in the capital city of Dili alone, which is why there are 187 polling stations and 83 polling centers here alone. 87,057 voters live in Baucau , 77,190 in Ermera and 64,008 in Bobonaro. The fewest registered voters have Aileu (30,344) and Manatuto (30,344). 1,101 voters were registered in Australia, 589 in Portugal, 208 in Great Britain and 227 in South Korea.
The official election campaign began on June 20th and runs until July 19th. After the election day on July 22nd, the counting at the municipal level should be completed by July 24th. The final result should be known on July 27th. The election results will be confirmed by the Tribunal de Recurso de Timor-Leste by August 6th.
International election observers came from the European Union , led by five Members of the European Parliament , the National Democratic Institute (NDI) and International Republican Institute (IRI) from the United States , Australian organizations and the diplomatic corps in Dili.
Candidate parties
Of the 31 registered parties in East Timor at the beginning of 2017 , only União Democrata-Crista de Timor (UDC) , KHUNTO and Partido Socialista de Timor (PST) submitted their electoral lists on May 30th . 27 parties had collected forms for the lists but had not yet filled them in at the Tribunal de Recurso de Timor-Leste. Court President Deolindo dos Santos pointed out that the country's highest court would only accept electoral lists submitted until 6 p.m. on June 1st.
In the end, a total of 23 electoral lists were submitted, one of which consists of the Bloku Unidade Popular (BUP) party alliance . All four parliamentary groups, CNRT, FRETILIN, PD and FM, were among the parties.
For the first time PLP, the Centro Acção Social Democrata Timorense (CASDT) , the Partido Esperança da Pátria (PEP) , the Partidu Unidade Dezenvolvimentu Demokratiku (PUDD) and the Movimentu Libertasaun ba Povu Maupe (MLPM) competed .
It was initially unclear whether the Associação Social-Democrata de Timor (ASDT) would be allowed to vote. As in 2012, the Tribunal de Recurso received two different electoral lists from different party groups. One from party leader João Andre Avelino Correia , one from party president Francisco da Silva and general secretary Norberto Pinto. If the ASDT had still been approved, the Silvas and Pintos list would have been recognized. However, approval was ultimately refused.
Five registered parties did not run for election. The Partido Republika Nacional Timor Leste (PARENTIL) left the electoral alliance BUP at short notice and did not draw up its own list. The Partido Nasionalista Timorense (PNT) had already submitted its electoral list too late in 2012 and therefore did not take part in the election. This time, too, no voting list reached the court in time. The Partido Trabalhista Timorense (PTT) started with a joint list with the Klibur Oan Timor Asuwain KOTA at the last election , but this no longer existed. The PTT did not provide its own list. In the presidential elections earlier this year, party leader Angela Freitas had won 0.84% of the vote. The Partido Unidade Nacional (PUN) and the Partidu Democrática Liberal (PDL) also did not nominate any candidates .
The final review of the submitted applications was up to June 11th. The Partido do Povo de Timor (PPT) was dropped . She had not met the necessary admission criteria. The PPT was not approved in 2012 because it submitted its electoral list too late. On June 15, the ranking on the ballot was drawn by lot.
Election campaign
Observers noted an increasing professionalization of the election campaign in East Timor. Posters from FRETILIN and CNRT dominated the street scene, but also advertisements from UDT and PLP could be seen. The CNRT relied on its leader Xanana Gusmão as a figurehead. One made use of the drawn ballot slot with the abbreviation "CR7", a reference to the football player Cristiano Ronaldo, who is also popular in East Timor . The CNRT used drones to take aerial photographs of infrastructure and other developments in the country that were completed under the CNRT government. The video was distributed via social networks and in TV spots on RTTL and the new private broadcaster GMN TV . FRETILIN also advertised with videos that show a lively and active country. The election campaign was focused on the young population and social networks were also used. Instead of just talking to the local guides, they went to the markets and parks and distributed promotional materials and programs. The new PLP, which had less money than the two big parties, also relied on social networks. The PLP election campaign was led by young people, many of them former journalists from the press office of President Taur Matan Ruak, such as Fidelis Leite Magalhães , who appeared alongside the former president in televised debates for the PLP. The publications and debates on the Internet reached 400,000 East Timorese every day, a good third of the population. While the two large parties held central election campaign events in their respective communities , where supporters (militants) were driven from all corners, the PLP conducted its election campaign events on a smaller scale at the level of the administrative offices . On the one hand this was due to the lower budget, on the other hand the idea of the grass roots movement was the inspiration here. The PLP received support in the election campaign from the Amigos de Taur Matan Ruak (A-TMR). This movement was founded by Jorge da Conceição Teme , member of the Frenti-Mudança, and Abílio Araújo , chairman of the Partido Nasionalista Timorense PNT, among others . Other members belonged to the CNRT, FRETILIN and other parties. Despite belonging to other parties, the Amigos appeared at PLP events and promoted Taur Matan Ruak and the PLP during home visits.
During the election campaign, the PLP set different accents than the FRETILIN and the CNRT, especially on the issue of regional development. Instead of major projects such as the special economic zone in Oe-Cusse Ambeno and the Tasi-Mane project on the south coast, the PLP wanted to focus on basic medical care and education and agricultural programs for the population. Oe-Cusse Ambeno was under the leadership of FRETILIN politician Marí Alkatiri , while the South Coast project in Cova Lima was attributed to the CNRT. The PLP criticized, for example, that although there was a new motorway along the south coast, the more important connecting road from Suai to Dili was still in poor condition.
In 2012, the KHUNTO only narrowly failed to meet the three percent hurdle at the time. The party is said to have particularly close relationships with large local martial arts groups . Her campaign aimed primarily at unemployed and disaffected youth.
The non-partisan former president and prime minister, Nobel Peace Prize laureate José Ramos-Horta , stood out on social media for words of praise for the stabilization of the country by FRETILIN politicians Alkatiri and Francisco Guterres . However, similar words followed later about CNRT chief Xanana Gusmão and the call to PLP leader Taur Matan Ruak to be reconciled with him.
The election campaign was generally peaceful. Only in the municipality of Baucau were there complaints from FRETILIN that former guerrillas had tried to intimidate voters.
On the last day of the official election campaign, July 19, the PLP held its closing event at Baucau Airport , and FRETILIN gathered its supporters at the Nicolau Lobatos monument in Dili. The moratorium up to election day was generally followed. On July 20, the election posters disappeared from the streets. Only in the social networks continued to circulate pictures of the parties' closing events.
Result and coalition negotiations
The first preliminary final result was published on July 24th, and on July 27th the CNE published the official result, which was confirmed by the Supreme Court on August 1st.
In the elections, 283,350 women and 300,606 men cast their votes. The voter turnout of 76.74% was slightly higher than in the presidential election and almost the same as in 2012.
According to the final result, FRETILIN was the strongest force with 29.7%, followed by CNRT with 29.5%. The PLP made it into parliament with 10.6%, as did the PD with 9.8% and the KHUNTO, which just failed in 2012, with 6.4%. Like the other parties, the Frenti-Mudança failed because of the 4 percent hurdle. After the PD almost kept its share of the vote, analysts suspected that the PLP was mainly able to benefit from the losses of the CNRT. It is also credited with great success among first-time voters, who made up 20% of the electorate.
FRETILIN won the most votes in the Oe-Cusse Ambeno exclave, the polling stations in Australia and Portugal and in its strongholds of Baucau, Lautém, and Viqueque, the communities in the east. The CNRT was the strongest force in the western part of the main state area and in polling stations in South Korea and Great Britain. The PLP was the second strongest force in the Baucau municipality and the polling stations in Australia and Portugal, ahead of the CNRT, while the PD in Cova Lima was ahead of FRETILIN.
FRETILIN and CNRT started talks about a grand coalition shortly after the election. On August 4th, Gusmão announced his resignation as party leader of the CNRT and at the same time declared that his party should not join any government because it had been voted out by voters. However, Gusmão left CNRT members the option of becoming a member of the cabinet . CNRT General Secretary Francisco Kalbuadi Lay continued the negotiations with FRETILIN . But after an extraordinary congress of the CNRT spoke out against a coalition, FRETILIN announced talks with the three other parties in parliament. However, the PD demanded ministerial posts that FRETILIN could never relinquish. Taur Matan Ruak announced early on that the PLP wanted to play an active opposition role in parliament. This was confirmed by the PLP in the negotiations with FRETILIN, but they would not force new elections or block the budget. Therefore the negotiations resulted in a minority government of FRETILIN and KHUNTO, with the tolerance of the PD. Later, FRETILIN General Secretary Marí Alkatiri said that the coalition negotiations with the PLP had failed because they wanted Fidelis Leite Magalhães to be the President of Parliament. But there was no support for him.
The members of the newly elected parliament were to be sworn in on August 21, but the first session was then postponed. They wanted to wait for Xanana Gusmão to return. He was abroad negotiating the border dispute between Australia and East Timor . Until then, the old parliament and government acted as a transition. The non-governmental organization Fundasaun Mahein criticized that this was not in accordance with the constitution , as the new parliament should have met within 15 days of the confirmation of the result by the Supreme Court.
After Gusmão's return, Parliament met for the first time on September 5, 2017. Aniceto Guterres Lopes (FRETILIN) was elected President of Parliament with 33 out of 65 votes. This means that he was missing two votes from the alliance of FRETILIN, KHUNTO and PD. His opponent, the previous President of Parliament Adérito Hugo da Costa (CNRT) received 32 votes.
On September 12th, Marí Alkatiri confirmed that he would be nominated as Prime Minister by the coalition of FRETILIN, PD and KHUNTO. The previous head of government Rui Maria de Araújo lacked support in his own party. Alkatiri was Prime Minister from 2002 to 2006, but had to resign prematurely in 2006 due to the unrest in East Timor . On September 13, Alkatiri and PD chairman Mariano Sabino Lopes signed the coalition agreement. However, representatives from KHUNTO were not there. There had been an internal dispute over government participation. Although FRETILIN and PD did not have a majority in parliament, President Guterres appointed Alkatiri as prime minister on September 14 and gave him the mandate to form a government. However, KHUNTO announced that it would continue to cooperate with FRETILIN and PD. On September 15, Alkatiri were sworn in as Prime Minister and the first members of his cabinet .
| Result | ||||||||
|
|
No. on ballot |
Party / alliance | Political orientation | Voting share 2012 | Seats in Parliament 2012-2017 | Number of votes 2017 | Voting share 2017 | Seats in Parliament 2017-2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Bloku Popular Unity BUP from    Partido Milénio Democrático PMD , Partidu Liberta Povu Aileba PLPA and Partido Democrática Republica de Timor PDRT |
PMD: Spin-off of PSD PLPA: Spin-off from ASDT PDRT:? |
1.51% (including PARENTIL ) |
- | 4,999 | 0.9% | - | |
| 2 |
Associação Popular Monarquia Timorense APMT  |
monarchist, split from KOTA |
0.84% | - | 5,461 | 1.0% | - | |
| 3 |
Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan KHUNTO  |
? | 2.97% | - | 36,547 | 6.4% | 5 | |
| 4th |
Partido Esperança da Pátria PEP  |
? | Start-up | 6,775 | 1.2% | - | ||
| 5 |
Partido Socialista de Timor PST  |
Marxist-Leninist | 2.41% | - | 4,891 | 0.9% | - | |
| 6th |
Partido do Desenvolvimento Popular PDP  |
? | 0.40% | - | 2,079 | 0.4% | - | |
| 7th |
Congresso Nacional da Reconstrução Timorense CNRT  |
conservative | 36.66% | 30th | 167,345 | 29.5% | 22nd | |
| 8th |
Partidu Republikanu PR .svg){kind=small} |
Middle, social democratic | 0.91% | - | 3,951 | 0.7% | - | |
| 9 |
União Democrática Timorense UDT  |
right conservative | 1.13% | - | 11,255 | 2.0% | - | |
| 10 |
Partido Democrata Cristão PDC  |
Christian | 0.19% | - | 1,764 | 0.3% | - | |
| 11 |
Movimentu Libertasaun ba Povu Maetze MLPM  |
middle left | Start-up | 1,332 | 0.2% | - | ||
| 12 |
Partidu Libertasaun Popular PLP  |
middle right | Start-up | 60,098 | 10.6% | 8th | ||
| 13 |
Partido Democrático PD  |
middle right | 10.31% | 8th | 55,608 | 9.8% | 7th | |
| 14th |
União Nacional Democrática de Resistência Timorense UNDERTIM  |
? | 1.49% | - | 1,216 | 0.2% | - | |
| 15th |
Partidu Unidade Dezenvolvimentu Demokratiku PUDD  |
? | Start-up | 15,887 | 2.8% | - | ||
| 16 |
Partido Timorense Democrático PTD  |
? | 0.54% | - | 661 | 0.1% | - | |
| 17th |
Frenti-Mudança FM  |
social democratic, split from FRETILIN |
3.11% | 2 | 8,849 | 1.6% | - | |
| 18th |
Partido Social Democrata PSD  |
conservative | 2.15% | - | 4,688 | 0.8% | - | |
| 19th |
Centro Acção Social Democrata Timorense CASDT  |
Spin-off from ASDT | Start-up | 2,330 | 0.4% | - | ||
| 20th |
Partido do Desenvolvimento Nacional PDN  |
conservative, split from PSD |
1.99% | - | 3,846 | 0.7% | - | |
| 21st |
Frente Revolucionária do Timor-Leste Independente FRETILIN .svg){kind=small} |
Left | 29.87% | 25th | 168,480 | 29.7% | 23 | |
| - |
Partido do Povo de Timor PPT  |
monarchist | 2012 not approved | not allowed | ||||
| - |
Associação Social-Democrata de Timor ASDT .svg){kind=small} |
conservative | 1.80% | - | not allowed | |||
| - |
Partido Unidade Nacional PUN  |
Middle, Christian Democratic | 0.68% | - | not started | |||
| - |
Partido Republika Nacional Timor Leste PARENTILE .svg){kind=small} |
conservative | 0.66% (including PMD ) |
- | not started | |||
| - |
Partido Trabalhista Timorense PTT  |
socialist | 0.56% (including KOTA ) | - | not started | |||
| - |
Partidu Democrática Liberal PDL  |
right-wing liberal | 0.47% | - | not started | |||
| - |
Partido Nasionalista Timorense PNT .svg){kind=small} |
nationalist | 2012 not approved | not started | ||||
| Turnout and invalid votes | ||
| be right | % | |
|---|---|---|
| valid votes | 568.070 | 97.28% |
| invalid votes (zero) * | 11,711 | 2.01% |
| blank ballot paper (mamuk) | 4,097 | 0.70% |
| rejected ballots (rejeitados) | 49 | 0.01% |
| orphaned ballot papers (abandonados) | 29 | 0.01% |
| Total (voter turnout: 76.74%) | 583,956 | 100.00% |
| * Ballot papers for which the choice is not clear are counted with "no", e.g. B. with holes for two parties or outside the box, so that an allocation is not possible. | ||
See also
literature
- Edward Aspinall, Allen Hicken, James Scambary and Meredith Weiss: Timor-Leste Votes: Parties and Patronage , Journal of Democracy, Volume 29, Number 1, January 2018, pp. 153–167.
Web links
- Timor-Leste 2016 Tatoli - Public Opinion Poll (survey results of the Asia Foundation)
- Information on the election of La'o Hamutuk
Individual evidence
- ↑ Press release from the President: PRESS RELEASE: PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC CALLS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS FOR 22 JULY , May 3, 2017 , accessed on May 3, 2017.
- ↑ SAPO Notícias: Maior partido timorense afasta Partido Democrático da coligação do Governo , March 13, 2016 , accessed on March 22, 2016.
- ↑ Sapo: Parlamento de Timor-Leste com nova mesa depois de quase dois meses de debate , May 5, 2016 , accessed on May 6, 2016.
- ↑ Timor Agora: Ministro da Educação timorense fica no Governo para garantir "estabilidade governativa" , May 7, 2016 , accessed on May 8, 2016.
- ↑ Timor Post: Adérito Soares Lidera Partidu Libertasaun Popular , December 11, 2015 , accessed on December 11, 2015.
- ↑ Matadalan online: Taur Harii Partidu Tanba Kauza Lei Pensaun Vitalísia , November 21, 2015 ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 11, 2015.
- ↑ a b c Sapo Notícias: Ano decisivo em Timor-Leste com eleições presidenciais e legislativas , December 19, 2016 , accessed on December 19, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Leach, The Interpreter: In Timor-Leste, the election campaign enters its final week , July 14, 2017 , on Inside Story, accessed July 14, 2017.
- ↑ IRI: Timor-Leste: Poll Reveals Widespread Optimism, Overwhelming Intent to Vote in Upcoming Elections , December 20, 2016 , accessed December 22, 2016.
- ↑ a b c Sapo Notícias: Governo altera leis eleitorais para que timorenses em Portugal e na Austrália possam votar , December 16, 2016 , accessed on December 16, 2016.
- ↑ a b East Timorese Government: Preparations for Parliamentary Elections On Track as Campaign Period Begins , June 21, 2017 , accessed June 21, 2017.
- ↑ IFES Election guide Timor-Leste , accessed July 7, 2012
- ↑ Election Act 06/2006 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 812 kB) and changes in 06/2007 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Portuguese; PDF; 173 kB), accessed on July 7, 2012
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Leach, The Interpreter: Timor-Leste elections suggest reframed cross-party government , July 24, 2017 , accessed July 27, 2017.
- ↑ Timor Agora: PN APROVA BAREIRA ELEISAUN PARLIAMENTARY 4% , February 13, 2017 , accessed on March 23, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Diário de Notícias: Timor-Leste / Eleições: Da euforia da campanha à calma da reflexão, sem cartazes , July 20, 2017 , accessed on July 20, 2017.
- ↑ a b Diário de Notícias: Timor-Leste / Eleições: Timorenses terão mais sítios para votar nas legislativas de 22 de julho , June 22, 2017 , accessed on June 22, 2017.
- ↑ Timor Agora: Apenas uma coligação se apresentará a eleições parlamentares em Timor-Leste , May 26, 2017 , accessed on June 10, 2017.
- ↑ Tatoli (ANTIL): UDC-PST-KHUNTO ohin hatama ona lista kandidatura ba TR , accessed on May 30, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Lusa: Timor-Leste / Eleições: 23 candidaturas apresentadas às eleições parlamentares de 22 de julho , June 5, 2017 , accessed on June 5, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Timor-Leste / Eleições: A campanha mais profissional e sofisticada de semper , accessed on July 11, 2017.
- ↑ The Age: Accusations of voter intimidation ahead of East Timor elections , July 21, 2017 , accessed July 28, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Confirmada vitória da Fretilin em Timor-Leste , accessed on July 27, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d e f CNE: Preliminary final result of July 27, 2017 .
- ↑ a b La'o Hamutuk: Who will be in Timor-Leste's next Parliament? / Se sei tuir iha Parlamentu Nasionál? , July 23, 2017 , accessed July 24, 2017.
- ↑ Jornal Independente: Alkatiri-Xanana Kontaktu Malu Forma Governu , July 24, 2017 , accessed on July 24, 2017.
- ↑ Tafara: Xanana Rezigna-an HosiPresidente Partidu , August 4, 2017 , accessed on August 4, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Damien Kingsbury: Timor-Leste heading towards minority, but stable, government , August 11, 2017 , Deakin University, accessed August 11, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Fretilin inicia quarta-feira contactos com partidos para formar próximo Governo timorense , August 8, 2017 , accessed on August 8, 2017.
- ↑ a b Diário de Notícias: Mari Alkatiri confirma indigitação pela coligação para liderar próximo Governo timorense , September 12, 2017 , accessed on September 12, 2017.
- ↑ UCAnews: Timor-Leste postpones re-opening of parliament , August 21, 2017 , accessed August 22, 2017.
- ↑ Fundasaun Mahein: The Post-Election Situation: “Between Constitutionality and Arbitrary Rule”, August 25, 2017 , accessed on August 28, 2017.
- ↑ Tatoli: Ohin, Deputadu IV Lejizlatura Plenária Dahuluk , September 5, 2017 , accessed on September 5, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Chefe da bancada da Fretilin eleito para a presidência do Parlamento timorense , September 5, 2017 , accessed on September 5, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Mari Alkatiri é o nome mais apontado para chefiar o próximo Governo timorense , accessed on August 16, 2017.
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Fretilin e PD assinam acordo de coligação para próximo Governo timorense , September 13, 2017 , accessed on September 13, 2017.
- ↑ Cofina Media: Presidente assina decreto de indigitação de Mari Alkatiri como primeiro-ministro , September 14, 2017 ( Memento of the original of September 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 14, 2017.
- ↑ Tatoli: KHUNTO Koopera ho Partdu Koligasaun , September 13, 2017 , accessed on September 13, 2017.
- ↑ SAPO: VII Governo constitucional de Timor-Leste toma hoje posse incompleto , September 15, 2017, accessed on September 15, 2017.
- ↑ STAE: Rezultadu Provizorio Eleisaun Parliamentary 2012 ( Memento from December 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on July 8, 2012
- ↑ Diário de Notícias: Timor-Leste / Eleições: Tribunal de Recurso valida resultados, vitória da Fretilin , August 1, 2017 , accessed on August 1, 2017.
