Paul Ondrusch

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Paul Ondrusch (born June 4, 1875 in Leobschütz , today Polish: Głubczyce , Upper Silesia ; † September 29, 1952 in Untermühlhausen , today part of Penzing , Landsberg am Lech ) was an academic sculptor .

Crucifixion group by Paul Ondrusch in the Gleiwitz central cemetery

Life

Paul Ondrusch was born as the third of six children of the Leobschützer cabinetmaker Paul Alois Anton Ondrusch and his wife Anna Agnes Maria Granel and was raised in the Roman Catholic faith . His full baptismal name was Paul Friedrich Carl . In 1902 he married his first wife, Martha Olbrich. There were six children from this marriage. After his wife's death in 1922, he married Emma Werdecker a second time in 1925. From this connection two more children emerged.

The father owned his own cabinet making and wood carving workshop in Leobschütz, which the son was supposed to take over one day, because his artistic predisposition to carving wood was discovered very early on. After attending school, he was sent to the well-known college for building and furniture carpenters in Würbenthal in the Eagle Mountains ( Austrian Silesia ) to develop his talents through appropriate training as a wood carver . Due to his extraordinary talent, he was able to leave this institution after a year. With financial support from the respected nobleman Hans Georg von Oppersdorff from Oberglogau , the nineteen year old was able to study at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Munich from 1894 to 1901 . Ondrusch studied sculpture with Syrius Eberle and also learned from Balthasar Schmitt . A notable student project, the sculpture of Judas Iscariot , was recognized with the Academy's first prize, the Great Silver Medal.

After completing his studies, they would have liked to keep him at the art academy in Munich and offered him a professorship. However, he turned down all offers and returned to his father's workshop in Leobschütz as a down-to-earth and very devout Catholic. Soon he became a well-known and sought-after artist with a corresponding charisma.

In the First World War was Ondrusch soldier.

In the years after the First World War, Ondrusch was involved in both his work as a sculptor and as a teacher at the State Academy for Arts and Crafts in Breslau , z. B. for the sculptor Kurt Spribille .

Because of the flight and expulsion of the German population from the eastern areas , Ondrusch had to leave Leobschütz in 1945 and came to Untermühlhausen , a village in Bavaria . Here he continued his work under cramped and limited living conditions. Until his death he always felt connected to his old hometown. When former Leobschützer citizens built a memorial for deceased compatriots in Bergkirchen in Upper Bavaria , he supported these efforts by creating a wooden cross with the head of Christ and a memorial plaque ( Leobschützer Heimatkreuz ). Ondrusch died at the age of seventy-seven. In the cemetery of the parish church of St. Benedikt in Untermühlhausen, a plaque commemorates Paul Ondrusch. The wooden, colored cemetery cross in Untermühlhausen is the work of Paul Ondrusch.

Create

Christ the divine child friend . Memorial at the Lindenfriedhof Gleiwitz for 76 children who died in a theater fire in 1919. The German inscription was removed after 1945.

With masterful, lifelike representations, Ondrusch joins the ranks of the great sculptors of Christian art of his era. His own religiosity was always the main source from which he drew all his inspiration and presented it in his works. Almost everything from his hand shows a deep connection with the faith as well as with the country and people of the homeland. The primary intention of his art was to convey the Christian message to people. The political changes in Germany from the Imperial Era to the Federal Republic did not change this attitude. He lived this mindset and it shaped his entire artistic work. A viewer feels directly and personally addressed by the lifelike representations "at eye level". The figure of Christ , Mother Mary , figures of saints and scenes from Bible texts were central themes. Other works that represent simple people from the people, (e.g. the wooden sculptures : Silesian miner , stone breaker ) are not missing in his work.

In keeping with family tradition, he worked a lot with wood, but was equally good artistically with stone and other materials. In addition to his sculptures, he also made some sculptures . The design of churches and the construction of places of worship, cemetery and grave monuments were the preferred fields of work. He was also involved in the design of the facade and interior architecture of schools and public buildings in his hometown. Numerous works in Leobschütz and the surrounding area as well as in other cities and villages in Silesia testify to z. T. to this day of his creativity . Participation in regional art exhibitions (e.g. Gleiwitz , Hindenburg and Oppeln ) is known. At that time, however, his art was noticed and recognized far beyond the region.

lili rere
Honor roll of the Rector's School Steinheim (Westphalia) for the pupils who died in World War I, 1928
l. Roughly finished sculptural work "The risen Christ as Lord over life and death" as a cross-shaped core piece
r. Finished joint work by Paul Ondrusch (middle sculpture), the cabinet maker Anton Spilker sen. (Carpentry work) and Anton Spilker jun. (Inscriptions)

One lane leads to East Westphalia. Paul Ondrusch met his future son-in-law Anton Spilker (fiancé of daughter Elsa) in 1927 , who came from his father's cabinet-making workshop in Steinheim, Westphalia and made a name for himself as a furniture designer. A cooperation came about when the workshop of Anton Spilker sen. in Steinheim received the order from the association of former rectorate students to make an honor plaque from oak wood for the classmates who died in the World War. Paul Ondrusch created the middle cross-shaped sculpture with the risen Christ as Lord over life and death in his unique style. After the raw core piece had been dispatched from Leobschütz to Steinheim, the whole table was manufactured and assembled in the Steinheim joinery, and Anton Spilker jun. cut in the inscriptions and the names of the fallen. The memorial was then ceremoniously unveiled on October 23, 1928 and found its place in the music room of the rectorate school. Today the Steinheim Furniture Museum is the place of storage.

Nowadays the artist Ondrusch and the works of art preserved in Silesia are honored again in Poland. In addition to the Leobschützer Heimatkreuz, there are hardly any other works in the generally accessible, church or public space in the Federal Republic of Germany . As an artist and person, he is largely forgotten in Germany today. The displaced persons and their institutions are an exception. The Leobschützer Heimatstube in Eschershausen endeavors to create an appropriate culture of remembrance and to record, document and preserve its overall artistic heritage. Ondrusch sculptures from private collections keep appearing on the German and European art market.

Works (selection)

Christ figure by Paul Ondrusch in the parish church of Leobschütz

Much of his work was destroyed by the events of the war, is considered missing or has been moved to new locations. Today only fragments of some works exist or German-language inscriptions have been removed. As far as known, such and additional information is given in the following selection:

  • Judas Iscariot . Life-size sculpture awarded the Great Silver Medal of the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. Also an accompanying art print (37.5 cm × 28.5 cm): Judas .
  • Stations of the Cross in Georgenberg / (Miasteczko Śląskie), wood carving.
  • Equipment of the scrap wood church of the Assumption in Georgenberg / (Miasteczko Śląskie). Several sculptures, the predella and other parts of the interior.
  • High altar , village church Sauerwitz / (Zubrzyce).
  • Crucified Christ , sculpture for the Parish Church of Leobschütz , 1890, wood, (made at the age of 15.)
  • Descent from the Cross , Sculpture Group, Holy Trinity Church Leobschütz.
  • John the Baptist , 1924, sculpture in the old cemetery in Leobschütz.
  • Ahasver , carved wooden figure for the Leobschützer Franciscan monastery.
  • Sculpture for Field Marshal Remus von Woyrsch , wooden sculpture destroyed at the end of the war in the Leobschütz town hall. (Unusual depiction of von Woyrsch as a knight with helmet and chain mail , leaning on a sword rammed into the ground.)
  • Reliefs depicting local trades for a school in Leobschütz.
  • Family grave of the von Oppersdorff family in Oberglogau . One part - the preserved, life-size sandstone figure of Christ - now stands on a defensive wall in the old town of Głogówek . Other parts (bronze sculptures) were destroyed.
  • Family grave complex for parents, brother and sister-in-law of Bishop Nathan in Branitz ( Branice in Polish ), restored in 2011.
  • Christ the divine child friend . Memorial at the Lindenfriedhof Gleiwitz for 76 children who died in a theater fire in 1919. The German inscription was removed after 1945.
  • Lamentation on the cross , group of sculptures, Gleiwitz Central Cemetery .
  • Christ on the Cross , special exhibition of the Oberschlesisches Museum Gleiwitz, Easter 1927.
  • Christ figure , wood carving, in the Museum Gleiwitz until 1945.
  • Crucifixion group , 1928, Hindenburg art exhibition.
  • Our Lady with the Child , facade figure on the poor house built in 1903–1904 in Leobschütz, today's boarding school of the “Władysław Szafer” agricultural school in Głubczyce
  • John the Baptist , facade figure on the residential building at 19 Sobieskiego Street in Głubczyce
  • Medallions with busts of saints above the entrances to Sobieskiego 32,34,36 in Głubczyce
  • Christ on the cross , figure on the grave of Paul Ondrusch in Untermühlhausen , 1950s.

Individual references / footnotes

  1. ↑ Information according to the website of Genealogy.net Local Heritage Book Leobschütz / Paul Alois Anton Ondrusch . Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  2. ↑ Some sources erroneously name his uncle, the high school teacher Carl (or Karl) Ondrusch, as his father. In the register book of the Academy of Fine Arts Munich, 1884–1920 , however, the father's profession is clearly named master cabinet maker and sculptor . The son was also called Paul Ondrusch, Junior very early to distinguish it from the father . Example: The 1912 annual portfolio of the German Society for Christian Art Die christliche Kunst , 9th cent. 1912/1913, p. 64, published by: German Society for Christian Art , GmbH, Munich.
  3. ↑ Catholic church books Leobschütz 1648–1948 : Baptismal register no .: 102/1844, 75/1849, 138/1875; Marriage register no .: 22/1871, no. 24/1902; Marriage register outside the parish : No. 6/1925.
  4. ↑ Register book of the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, 1884–1920 . The digital transcription incorrectly contains the name: Onedrusch , the matriculation book itself is correct. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  5. ↑ Herbert Hupka: Schlesisches Panorama , Gräfe and Unzer, 1966, p. 110
  6. ↑ Akademie der Künste, Berlin (ed.): Ateliergemeinschaft Klosterstrasse Berlin 1933–1945: Artists in the time of National Socialism . Edition Hentrich, 1994, ISBN 978-3-89468-134-0 , p. 229
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Grocholl: For forty years. Sermons for the believers from the Branitz region in the years 1985–1986, Leobschützer Heimatarchiv, 3rd vol., P. 181, Stuttgart 1987.
  8. ^ Association of Expellees: Reminder and Memorials in Bavaria. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 54 kB). Retrieved May 29, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bdv-bayern.de
  9. ↑ a b List of Gliwice Monuments .
  10. ↑ Homepage of the Steinheim Furniture Museum. Retrieved May 23, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Heimatstube Leobschütz / at the Bischof-Nathan-Werk. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  12. ^ Works by the Upper Silesian sculptor Paul Ondrusch . Upper Silesia in Pictures, 1924: 2, p. 6.
  13. ^ Print by Bruckmann; Supplement of the German Society for Christian Art, XVI. Plate IV, 1908. In: Central archive of the Ev. Church of the Palatinate, Speyer Dept. 173 - Popular Piety Collection, No. 1804 (PDF; 2.8 MB)
  14. ↑ The Christian Art . Jhg. X , monthly, February 1, 1914, illustrations pp. 130-131, Munich.
  15. ^ Perły Kultury Sakralnej Diececzji Gliwickiej . Miasteczko Śląskie - Drewniany kościółek Wniebowzięcia NMP: Wnętrze. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  16. ^ Family archive Pech - Paul Richter on Sauerwitz. (Lecture on April 20, 2000 after publications in Leobschützer Heimatblatt 33rd / 34th year, issue 6/2000, page 39 ff; issue 3/2001, p. 30 ff; issue 4/2001, p. 31 ff). Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  17. ↑ Wolfgang Grocholl: For forty years. Sermons for the believers from the Branitz region in the years 1985–1986, Leobschützer Heimatarchiv, 3rd vol., P. 178, Stuttgart 1987.
  18. ↑ Katarzyna painter Dzieła Paula Ondruscha zachowane na ziemi Głubczyckiej. Kalendarz Głubczycki 1997, p. 77 , 1924.
  19. ^ Albert Szyndzielorz: Głogówek Online, Paul Ondrusch . ( Memento of the original from March 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / glogowek-online.pl
  20. ↑ Benedykt Pospiszyl: cmentarze Branickie. In: Informator Branicki Listopad 2011. Urząd Gminy Branice, 2011, ISSN  1733-6821 , p. 9 (Polish). External link to the image of the tomb
  21. ↑ Panoramio: GLIWICE: Cmentarz Centralny. Krzyżgroup “Opłakiwania” autorstwa Paula Ondruscha. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  22. ^ Exhibition for Christian Art in Gliwice . Upper Silesia in Pictures, 1927: 16, pp. 2–3
  23. ↑ Painting collections of the Upper Silesian Museum . Upper Silesia in Pictures, 1924: 41, p. 4.
  24. ^ Exhibition of the Upper Silesian Artists Association . Oberschlesien im Bild, 1928: 42, pp. 2–3
  25. ↑ Waldemar Wieczorek, Ewa Lodzinska: Polska Niezwykła. Województwo Śląskie i Opolskie. Przewodnik + Atlas. , Demart, Warszawa, 2012, ISBN 9788374277341 . External link to the picture.
  26. ^ Katarzyna painter, Barbara Piechaczek: Głubczyce - portret miasta. , WiG Art, 1998, ISBN 9788390753126 . External link to the picture. ( Memento from June 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  27. ^ Katarzyna painter, Barbara Piechaczek: Głubczyce - portret miasta. , WiG Art, 1998, ISBN 9788390753126 . External link to view on Google Street View

literature

Web links

Commons : Paul Ondrusch  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Ondrusch, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ondrusch, Paul-Friedrich-Carl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH June 4, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Leobschütz
DATE OF DEATH September 29, 1952
Place of death Untermühlhausen