Paul Richard Thomann

Paul Richard Thomann

Paul Richard Thomann (born January 31, 1827 near Sprottau (Lower Silesia) , † 1873 in Bonn ) was a German architect and city ​​and municipal architect . He was the first permanently employed municipal civil servant in the city of Bonn in the 19th century. His plans for the southern city expansion of Bonn initially influenced the development of what is now the largest contiguous Wilhelminian-style district in Germany.

Life

Thomann attended a grammar school in Görlitz and the Berlin trade school and then completed an apprenticeship as a surveyor at the Berlin-Hamburger-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . In 1846 he was sworn in before the royal ministerial building commission in Berlin and then worked briefly as a surveyor in Silesia, before he attended the royal building academy in Berlin for three years and - after an internship at the academy of fine arts in Dresden - Graduated in 1854 with the master builder examination. In the same year he applied in Bonn for the first-time position of a full-time city master builder and in April 1854, at the suggestion of Mayor Leopold Kaufmann or at pressure from the district president in Cologne, he was appointed municipal and city master builder by the city administration from spring 1855 limited to six years, discontinued. Thomann lived in Villa Poppelsdorfer Allee 31 from 1856 to 1863 .

"Thomann Plan" from 1856

The most important task in the new office for Thomann was the creation of the development plan for a southern urban expansion. Although the city of Bonn had enough building space within the city ​​walls , the scenic plots along the banks of the Rhine and in front of the southern gates of the city became increasingly interesting for Bonn's wealthy bourgeoisie. Therefore, in the middle of the 19th century, the city was forced to draw up a development plan to regulate the escalating settlement activity. In 1856 Thomann presented the first version of a “draft for a new district to be laid out south of Bonn”, which became known as the “Thomann Plan”. Thomann was guided by urban planning models from around 1840: "The aim of the planning was a largely orthogonal street grid including the existing main road connections." After a revision, the plan was approved by the royal government in Potsdam on May 5, 1859 . Since it was never laid out by the city, the plan did not become officially valid, but was considered an urban planning guideline until the 1860s. It was not until 1873 - a few months after Thomann's resignation in November 1872 - that the planning objectives were officially abandoned, as legal and financial difficulties prevented full implementation, but the urban planning ideas had also changed.

In his work as a city architect, Thomann produced numerous designs for smaller building projects. In 1860 he was entrusted with the construction of a morgue and a smaller extension to the Aegidiushospital on Münsterplatz and from 1867 he was responsible for the renovation work at the Jakobushospital. He was also involved in the preparation of the cathedral restoration and in the construction of the regional court. His planning for a new rectory for the collegiate church in Kasernenstrasse, which with its detailed neo-Gothic architecture still characterizes the intersection of Stiftstrasse and Kasernenstrasse, was carried out.

In his work as the municipal master builder for the municipalities of the Bonn district, Thomann designed 18 school buildings between 1856 and 1872, most of which were small village schools . In doing so, the architect orientated himself primarily on the templates of the Berlin Academy of Construction, called “ Building executions for low-level construction tasks” . The drafts published there for the rectory of the Protestant parishes in Bonn and Godesberg were also largely adopted by him . He created his own designs for the Catholic parish churches in the communities of Plittersdorf (1871), Mehlem (1861–1862) and Duisdorf (1860–1862). Other construction projects by Thomann in the rural communities of the Bonn district include a prison in Bad Godesberg and a teacher's home in Vilich .

Thomann also worked as an architect for private individuals: In the early 1860s, for example, he began planning and executing residential buildings in today's Thomas-Mann-Strasse / corner of Noeggerathstrasse, on Meckenheimer Allee and on Poppelsdorfer Allee , where he built the double house No. . 26/28 for himself and the then mayor of Bonn Leopold Kaufmann . In the mid-1860s, villa buildings followed in Weberstrasse and on the banks of the Rhine, including Villa Prieger . The inner-city houses with often block-like structures are characterized by a classicist design and the use of Gothic designs to loosen up.

On November 14, 1872, Thomann resigned from office for health reasons. He died just a few months later in 1873 and was buried in the old cemetery in Bonn . The tomb has a wooden pergola and was restored in 2011. There are 170 architectural drawings from Thomann's estate, which have remained undiscovered for a long time and have been in the Bonn City Archives since 2004.

Known students

Thomann's students in Bonn in 1859 included the later independent architect and architectural historian Paul Laspeyres .

Works

 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

Buildings in Bonn

construction time	District	address	image	object	measure	Remarks
1850s	Südstadt	Weberstrasse 57 50 ° 43 ′ 34 ″ N, 7 ° 6 ′ 13 ″ E		villa	New building (client: Wilhelm Ludwig Krafft )	Monument protection
1855	Bonn center			Catholic journeyman's hospice	New building
1856	Südstadt	Coblenzerstrasse 1		Hotel Kley	Extension of a courtyard / side building	Canceled in 1906
1856-1857	Bonn center	Windeckstrasse 50 ° 44 ′ 4 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 53 ″ E		Parish school of St. Martin ("Knaben-Münsterschule")	New building	Destroyed in the war in 1944
1856-1859	Südstadt			southern urban expansion (today: Südstadt)	Zoning plan	partially implemented
1857-1859	Bonn center	Wilhelmstrasse 21 50 ° 44 ′ 16 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 51 ″ E	more pictures	District Court Bonn	New building	Construction based on a design by Carl Ferdinand Busse
around 1858	Bonn center	Kasernenstrasse 52 / 52a / 52b 50 ° 44 ′ 18 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 56 ″ E	more pictures	Rectory of the collegiate church	New building	Monument protection
1860				Morgues	New building
1860	Bonn center	Corner of Remigiusstrasse / Münsterplatz 50 ° 44 ′ 2 ″ N, 7 ° 6 ′ 1 ″ E		St. Aegidius Hospital	Extension by an extension	Demolished in 1898
1860/1861	Bonn center	Noeggerathstrasse 1 / Thomas-Mann-Strasse 50 ° 44 ′ 4 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 41 ″ E		Residential building	New building
1860/1861	Bonn center	Thomas-Mann-Strasse 44a / Noeggerathstrasse 50 ° 44 ′ 5 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 41 ″ E	more pictures	Residential building	New building	Monument protection
1860-1862	Duisdorf	Kirchplatz 50 ° 42 ′ 49 ″ N, 7 ° 2 ′ 50 ″ E	more pictures	Catholic parish church of St. Rochus	New building	1956 enlarged by Johannes Baptist Kleefisch , monument protection
1861-1863	Flour	Mainzer Strasse 178 50 ° 39 ′ 40 ″ N, 7 ° 11 ′ 30 ″ E	more pictures	Catholic parish church St. Severin	New / remodeling	Monument protection
1862	Bonn center	Vogtsgasse		Gatekeeper cottage	draft	not executed
1862	Bonn center	northern end of the Rheinwerft		Gatekeeper cottage	draft	not executed
1864-1866	Gronau	Raiffeisenstrasse 2–4 50 ° 43 ′ 26 "N, 7 ° 6 ′ 56" E	more pictures	Villa Prieger	New building	destroyed in the war, reconstruction 1996–1999 with a modern facade; Monument protection
around 1865	West town	Poppelsdorfer Allee 26/28 50 ° 43 ′ 50 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 54 ″ E		Double house (builders: P. R. Thomann and Leopold Kaufmann )	New building	No. 28: Monument protection
1867	Bonn center	Corner of Friedrichstrasse / Kesselgasse 50 ° 44 ′ 11 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 59 ″ E		James Hospital	modification	Part of the facade on Breite Straße has been preserved
1867	Bonn center	Neutor		Residential building with gatekeeper house	New building	Planning, not executed
around 1868	West town	Meckenheimer Allee 164 50 ° 43 ′ 36 ″ N, 7 ° 5 ′ 33 ″ E		Residential building	New building	Monument protection
1870	Südstadt	Coblenzerstrasse 17		Villa Schaaffhausen	Reconstruction and expansion	destroyed by the war
1870	Lannesdorf	Deutschherrenstrasse 206 50 ° 39 ′ 53 ″ N, 7 ° 10 ′ 15 ″ E		Lannesdorf School ( see below )	New building	School operation until August 1969, then demolition, new building of the fire brigade
1871	Plittersdorf	Von-Sandt-Ufer 50 ° 42 ′ 3 ″ N, 7 ° 9 ′ 57 ″ E		Catholic Parish Church of St. Evergislus	New building	Monument protection

Buildings outside of Bonn

construction time	place	address	image	object	measure	Remarks
1856-1872				18 school buildings in the Bonn district with and without teachers' apartments	New building	Drafts based on templates from the Berlin Building Academy
1859-1860	Wachtberg district of Pech	Pecher Hauptstrasse 50 ° 39 ′ 2 ″ N, 7 ° 6 ′ 35 ″ E		Michael's Chapel	New building	Monument protection
around 1860	Bornheim districts Bornheim and Brenig	Kalkstraße, Bahnhofweg, Haasbachstraße		14 Stations of the Cross (inauguration 1863)	New building	Monument protection
1863-1866	Bornheim	Koenigstrasse (21) 50 ° 45 ′ 39 ″ N, 6 ° 59 ′ 46 ″ E		Protestant church	New building	Monument protection
1864-1866	Bornheim	Servatiusweg 50 ° 45 ′ 42 ″ N, 6 ° 59 ′ 23 ″ E		Catholic parish church of St. Servatius	New building	Monument protection
1864-1866	Bornheim district of Merten			Parish church	New building	Draft, not executed
1866	Bornheim	Königstrasse 55		synagogue	New building	Destroyed in 1938
1868	Bornheim			New construction of school halls and extension of the old school to teacher's apartments in Bornheim ( see above )	New building and extension

Fonts

• About the preparation of drafts for the construction of new Protestant churches. Aurel Frühbuss (P. Bollig's bookstore), Cöln 1866.

literature

• Dietrich Höroldt : City and University. Review on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the University of Bonn (= Bonner Geschichtsblätter. Volume 22, ISSN  0068-0052 ). L. Röhrscheid, Bonn 1968.
• Busso von der Dollen: The Thomann Plan. In: Bonner Geschichtsblätter. Volume 34, 1982, pp. 141-172.
• Wiltrud Petsch-Bahr: The city expansion plan for Bonn from 1855/56. Example of urban planning that cannot be implemented. In: Gerhard Fehl, Juan Rodriguez-Lores (Ed.): City extensions 1800–1875. From the beginnings of modern urban planning in Germany (= city, planning, history. Volume 2). Christians, Hamburg 1983, ISBN 3-7672-0807-5 , pp. 253-283.
• Karl Gutzmer (ed.): Chronicle of the city of Bonn. Chronik-Verlag, Dortmund 1988, ISBN 3-611-00032-9 , p. 130.
• Andreas Denk , Ingeborg Flagge : Architekturführer Bonn (= Architectural Guide to Bonn. ) Reimer, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01150-5 , pp. 33, 36.
• Brigitta Gruber-Corr: City expansion in the Rhineland. Commune, citizens and the state as actors in the development process of Bonn's Südstadt 1855–1890 (= Publications of the Bonn City Archives. Volume 64). City archive and city history library Bonn, Bonn 2004, ISBN 3-922832-36-9 (also: Bonn, University, dissertation, 2000/2001).
• Josef Niesen : Bonn Personal Lexicon. 3rd, improved and enlarged edition. Bouvier, Bonn 2011, ISBN 978-3-416-03352-7 , p. 463 f.
• Franz Josef Talbot (with photographs by Achim Bednorz): Bonn Südstadt. Emons Verlag, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-7408-0468-8 , pp. 59, 99.

Web links

Commons : Paul Richard Thomann  - Collection of Images

• Franz Josef Talbot : Paul Richard Thomann (1827-1873), city architect . In: Portal Rheinische Geschichte , Landesverband Rheinland, 2010.

Remarks

1. ↑ For buildings that no longer exist, the last known address.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c} Franz Josef Talbot: Paul Richard Thomann (1827–1873), city architect .
2. ↑ German construction newspaper. Trade journal for architecture and construction technology. Volume 123, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Berlin, 1989, p. 44.
3. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government in Potsdam and the City of Berlin, year 1847, p. 42 ( online at Google Books ).
4. ^ Olga Sonntag : Villas on the banks of the Rhine in Bonn: 1819–1914. Bouvier Verlag, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-416-02618-7 , Volume 1, p. 202 (also dissertation University of Bonn, 1994).
5. ^ Dietrich Höroldt: The historical development of the city of Bonn 1815-1945. In: Building in Bonn area 49–69. Attempt to take stock. In: Landschaftsverband Rheinland (Hrsg.): Art and antiquity on the Rhine. Guide to the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn. No. 21, Rheinland-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1969, p. 17.
6. ^ Claus-Peter Echter: The historical picture of the cities: Big city and monument preservation. German Institute for Urban Studies, 1991, p. 59.
7. ^ Karl Gutzmer , Max Braubach: Chronik der Stadt Bonn , Chronik Verlag, 1988, p. 130.
8. ^ From the history and folklore of the city and area of ​​Bonn: Festschrift Josef Dietz for his 80th birthday on April 8, 1973. In: Edith Ennen, Dietrich Höroldt (ed.): Publications of the Bonn City Archives. Volume 10, p. 399
9. ^ Wiltrud Petsch, Joachim Petsch: Federal Republic, a new home ?: Urban development and architecture after '45. Verlag für Bildung und Studium in the Elefanten Press, 1983, p. 145.
10. ^ Franz-Werner Kersting : City and Military 1815-1914: Economic impulses, infrastructural relationships, security aspects. Volume 25 of research on regional history / research on regional history, Verlag F. Schöningh, 1998, p. 190
11. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wulf-Peter Schroeder: Bonn building history on the flea market. In: Kölnische Rundschau . August 3, 2004, accessed January 3, 2014 . 
12. ↑ Uta Kristina Maul: Romanesque "sweetheart" as a concert hall. In: Kölnische Rundschau / Bonner Rundschau. July 15, 2011, accessed on January 3, 2014 (available for a fee at Genios.de ). 
13. ↑ Association of Bonner historical societies, heritage authority of the city of Bonn, city archives and historical library, workshop building culture Bonn (ed.) Heritage Day - Wood, September 9, 2012 ( Memento of the original dated January 3, 2014 Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  P. 8.
14. ^ Gerhard Kirchlinne: The Bonn Südstadt: One of the most splendid Wilhelminian style quarters in Germany. Bonn 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-050248-4 , p. 32.
15. ↑ ^{a b c} Sales catalog with 18 original sketches and drawings by Thomann, Cambron bookstore
16. ↑ today Adenauerallee .
17. ^ Olga Sonntag: Villas on the banks of the Rhine in Bonn: 1819–1914. Bouvier Verlag, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-416-02618-7 , volume 2, catalog (1), p. 31. (also dissertation University of Bonn, 1994).
18. ↑ ^{a b} War fates of German architecture. Loss - damage - reconstruction. Documentation for the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 1: North. Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1988, ISBN 3-529-02685-9 , p. 387 f.
19. ↑ ^{a b} Drawings for various Thomann projects
20. ↑ ... The St. Aegidius Hospital was located near the cathedral - today at the corner of Remigiusstraße / Münsterplatz ...
21. ^ ^{A b} Franz Josef Talbot (with photographs by Achim Bednorz): Bonner Südstadt. Emons Verlag, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-7408-0468-8 , pp. 75, 99.
22. ^ Robert Haas: On the history and art in the Archdiocese of Cologne. Festschrift for Wilhelm Neuss. Volume 5 of the Studies in Cologne Church History , Verlag L. Schwann, 1960, p. 413.
23. ^ Franz Josef Talbot (with photographs by Achim Bednorz): Bonner Südstadt. Emons Verlag, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-7408-0468-8 , p. 63.
24. ^ Franz Josef Talbot (with photographs by Achim Bednorz): Bonner Südstadt. Emons Verlag, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-7408-0468-8 , p. 64.
25. ↑ today Adenauerallee
26. ^ Olga Sonntag: Villas on the banks of the Rhine in Bonn: 1819–1914. Bouvier Verlag, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-416-02618-7 , volume 2, catalog (1), p. 18. (also dissertation University of Bonn, 1994).
27. ↑ ^{a b} see "History of the Lyngsberg School"
28. ↑ Parish of St. Marien Wachtberg : Between heaven and earth. Parish magazine, edition 03/2013, p. 10.
29. ^ Parish of St. Marien Wachtberg: parish letter, Easter 2012. (PDF) p. 64.
30. ↑ 14 stations up to Brenig . In: General-Anzeiger. April 11, 2009.
31. ↑ Restoration and repair of the Catholic parish church St. Servatius in Bornheim , baufachinformation.de.