Paznaun
| Paznaun | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Paznaun near Kappl (view into the valley) |
||
| location | Tyrol , Austria | |
| Waters | Trisanna | |
| Mountains | Verwall group , Samnaun group , Silvretta | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 4 ' N , 10 ° 24' E | |
|
||
| Type | V valley | |
| rock | Gneiss , mica slate | |
| height | 900 to 1800 m above sea level A. | |
| length | 40 km | |
The Paznaun (more rarely Paznaun Valley ; Rhaeto-Romanic ) is a valley in the far west of North Tyrol , Austria , and includes the Trisanna valley and its side valleys.
geography
The Paznaun is located in the west of Tyrol. It begins in Pians after Landeck , at the confluence of the Trisanna with the Rosanna to the Sanna , and is a side valley of the Stanzer valley . The valley stretches in a south-westerly direction with a length of almost 40 km to the Bieler Höhe , the last, uninhabited valley section being called Kleinvermunt . There it borders on the state of Vorarlberg and in the south on Switzerland .
The V-shaped high valley is surrounded in the north by the Verwall group and in the south by the Samnaun group and the Silvretta . The highest mountain is at 3399 m above sea level. A. the escape horn . The sunny slopes are relatively densely populated with individual farms and rotten , while on the shady side the forest mostly extends to the valley floor.
Places in Paznaun
The valley includes the following larger towns inward:
- Tobadill
- lake
- Langesthei (municipality of Kappl)
- Kappl
- Ischgl
- Mathon (municipality of Ischgl)
- Galtür
Neighboring regions
- surrounding mountain groups are in italics
|
Klostertal (Vorarlberg) Westverwall |
Arlberg · Stanzertal / St. Anton am Arlberg Ostverwall |
Landeck basin / Tyrol West |
|
Montafon (Vorarlberg) · North Silvretta |
.svg)
|
Samnaun group · Sun terrace Oberesgericht / Tiroler Oberland |
|
Mittelilvretta Prättigau (Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland) |
Westsilvretta Lower Engadine (Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland) |
climate
The Paznaun has a typical climate of central alpine high valleys, which due to the altitude is rough, but rich in sunshine and has less rainfall than the north or south alpine reservoirs . Only in exceptional cases, such as the avalanche disaster in February 1999 , can heavy snowfalls overcome the natural barriers of the Verwall and Silvretta.
|
Monthly average temperatures and precipitation for Galtür ( 1583 m above sea level )
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural disasters
Due to the steep slopes and trenches that flow into it, the Paznaun is regularly threatened by natural hazards, especially avalanches and mudslides. The Madlein avalanche often caused destruction in Ischgl . Heavy snowfall led to the avalanche disaster in Galtür in February 1999 , which killed 38 people in Galtür and Valzur .
Due to the Alpine floods in 2005 , the Paznaun was cut off from the rest of Tyrol from August 23 to the evening of August 26, 2005 and could only be reached via Vorarlberg via the Silvrettamautstraße. Due to a rock fall at the Gällebrücke near Tobadill, an alternative route (tunnel) was built in a very short time, thus securing the access to Paznaun. In June 2015, mudslides caused severe damage in Paznaun, especially at sea, after a storm.
Surname
As with the other valleys in the area, people generally only say 'Paznaun' to the valley, the name 'Paznaun', which can be found on the Austrian map , is rare and at best serves to distinguish it from the small hamlet of Paznaun or the name of the Valley of the Trisanna as such in contrast to the side valleys.
history
The upper Paznaun (Ischgl and Galtür) was probably settled in the 9th century by Rhaeto-Romans from the Engadine via the Fimber and Futschöl passes , although the area was initially only used as a pasture area; the high alpine pastures of Ida and Rafinalp in Filbertal (Ischgl) are expressly documented as early as the late 11th century. Galtür was repopulated by Walsers around 1300 . For a long time, the upper Paznaun was part of the Lower Engadine and Vinschagu County in the Duchy of Churrätien and the Nauders court . Ischgl and Galtür also belonged to the Engadine church until the 16th century (parishes of Sins and Steinsberg ). The lower Paznaun (Kappl and See) was settled from Serfaus and Fiss . These places belonged to the county of Oberinntal in the Duchy of Bavaria and later to the Landeck court . The whole of Paznaun has belonged to the Landeck court since 1849 and, accordingly, to the Landeck district since the creation of the political districts in 1868 .
The name of the valley is first mentioned as Baschenowe around 1275 . In later documents it is called Paczenowe (1290), Patzenune (1315), Patznaun (1319) or Pazenun (1360). It has been called Patznaun since around 1400 . In a document from 1383 for the consecration of the church of Galtür, the vallis que Cultura nuncupatur ("valley that is called Cultura [= Galtür]") is referred to as annexa valli que dicitur Pazenowe ("connected to the valley that is called Paznaun") which suggests that the name Paznaun was not originally related to the back part around Galtür. The hamlet of Paznaun in the municipality of Ischgl is possibly one of the oldest settlements in the valley and gave it its name.
The name of the valley river changes in the historical records between Rosanna and Trisanna , only since the Atlas Tyrolensis (1774) has Trisanna been used uniformly for the river of the Paznaun and Rosanna for that of the Stanzer valley.
Due to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in Austria , the Paznaun was quarantined on March 13, 2020, as there were many infected people, especially ski vacationers, in Ischgl .
Culture and sights
In the Paznaun there are over 60 chapels in the individual hamlets, see list of chapels in Paznaun .
Economy and Infrastructure
.jpg)
The small-scale agriculture plays a subordinate role, especially from the front Paznaun numerous residents commute.
tourism
The main source of income for the residents is tourism , which has radically changed the appearance of the landscape in the last few decades due to lively building activity. Ischgl in particular became a center of international mass tourism from a valley characterized by mountain farming . The number of overnight stays in winter increased from 320,893 in 1971 to 2,167,595 in 2013. In the summer of 2013, 387,170 overnight stays (1971: 322,371) were counted.
The ski area is now called the Silvretta Arena , across borders with Samnaun in Switzerland . There is also the small Kappl ski area , a cable car in See , and at the end of the valley the Galtür ski area (Silvapark) on the Zeinisjoch, which extends into the Montafon in Vorarlberg . The Bieler Höhe is also a center for summer and winter tourism with its shipping on the Silverettasee.
traffic
The Paznauntalstraße (B 188, formerly Silvrettastraße ) runs through the whole valley, the section of the Silvretta-Hochalpenstraße (private road) which is not passable in winter connects the Paznaun with the Montafon in Vorarlberg. From Wirl (district of Galtür) to Silvretta the Silvretta-Hochalpenstraße is toll road. From Wirl the road also leads to the Zeinisjoch .
The Silvretta reservoir is located at the Bieler Höhe, the highest point on the Silvretta High Alpine Road .
politics
The four municipalities are linked in several municipal associations:
- The Paznaun community association was founded to distribute the income from the valley shilling that illwerke vkw AG pays for the use of Paznaun water rights.
- The municipal association Regio Paznaun , established in 2006, has the task of designing and financing local public transport in Paznaun.
- The planning association Paznauntal is one of the 37 planning associations in Tyrol (No. 7, LGBl. No. 87/2005).
The Paznaun – Ischgl valley is known as a tourist region .
literature
- Walter Köck: Storm over Galtür. In the avalanche, chapels and legendary Paznaun. Self-published by Walter Köck, Galtür 2000.
- Walter Köck: 80 years in Paznaun. Time to laugh, time to cry, time to collect. Self-published by Walter Köck, Galtür 2003.
- Franz Wichmann: In Paznaun. Hiking sketch .. In: Travel and foreign newspaper for Tyrol and Vorarlberg / Austrian Alpine Post. Illustrated newspaper from the Eastern Alps / Austrian Alpine Post. Illustrated family magazine from the Eastern Alps / Austrian Alpine Post. Traffic and sports gazette for the Eastern Alps , year 1905, (Volume VII), pp. 99-102. (Online at ANNO ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Severe weather in Tyrol. Storms left traces of devastation in Sellrain and Paznaun , Tyrolean daily newspaper on June 8, 2015
- ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 1: Up to the year 1140 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 234-235 No. 266 .
- ^ Paul Werner, Ludwig Thoma: Alpine Club Leader Samnaun Group. A guide to valleys, huts and mountains . 2nd Edition. Bergverlag Rother, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7633-1241-2 , p. 21-25 .
- ↑ a b Otto Stolz: History of the waters of Tyrol. Schlern-Schriften, Volume 32, Innsbruck 1932, pp. 37–38 ( digitized version )
- ↑ St. Anton and Paznaun under quarantine. March 13, 2020, accessed March 13, 2020 .
- ↑ State of Tyrol: Region profile Paznauntal - Statistics 2014 (PDF; 754 kB)