Kappl (Tyrol)

Kappl
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Tyrol
Political District :	Landeck
License plate :	LA
Surface:	97.38 km²
Coordinates :	47 ° 4 '  N , 10 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 3 '47 "  N , 10 ° 22' 32"  E
Height :	1258  m above sea level A.
Residents :	2,571 (Jan 1, 2020)
Postal code :	6555
Area code :	05445
Community code :	7 06 09
Address of the municipal administration:	Kappl 112 6555 Kappl
Website:	www.gemeinde.kappl.at
politics
Mayor :	Helmut Ladner (List of Mayors Helmut Ladner Together for Kappl)
Municipal Council : (2016) (15 members)	8 Mayor list Helmut Ladner - together for Kappl, 4 Albrecht's list, 3 Parliamentary group list Langesthei - See
Location of Kappl in the Landeck district
Kappl Church - St. Antonius
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

With 2571 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) and an area of ​​97.49 km², Kappl is the second and largest municipality in the Tyrolean Paznaun in terms of population . The community is located in the judicial district of Landeck .

geography

Kappl lies between the Verwall group in the north and the Samnaun group in the south. The extensive municipality has 96 field names and is therefore the municipality with the most field names in Austria .

Community structure

Kappl consists of a single cadastral community of the same name or three localities (residents as of January 1, 2020):

• Kappl (2066)
• Langesthei (192)
• Lake (313)

Districts

• Fraction Kappl: Angerhof, Ahli, Ahornach, Althof, Au, Larchi, Bach, Bachle, Ballestadele, Bild, Brandau, Dengenvolk, Diasbach, Egg, Egger Weg, Gasse, Grubegg, Grüble, Höfen, Höfer Au, Hof, Hofstatt, Holdernach , Holdernacher Au, Kappl, Klasen, Larchi, Lochau, Lochmühl, Mahren, Mühlele, Nebenau, Nederle, Niedergut, Niederhof, Oberbichl, Oberhaus, Obermahren, Obermühl, Perpat, Pirchegg, Pitzein, Platti, Plattwies, Schmiedsegg, Schönwies, Seichle, Settlements Holdernach, Sinsen, Sinsner Au, Stadlen, Städlen, Steinau, Stiegenwahl, Tschatscha, Turnetshaus, Ulmich, Unterbichl, Unterholdernach, Untermühl, Wegscheid and Wiese.
• Langesthei fraction: Außeneregg, Ausserlangesthei, Flung, Gufl, Inneregg, Innerlangesthei, Schrofen, Stockach and Unteregg.
• See faction: Falgenair, Frödenegg, Haslen, Gande, Gföll, Glitt, Glittstein, Kälberanger, Kohlgreit, Lahngang, Moos, Oberfrödenegg, Pattrich, Rauth, Schaller, Seiche, Seßlebene, Sommerstadlen, Staudenmühl and Wald.

Neighboring communities

Ten of the eleven neighboring communities are in the Landeck district.

Pettneu	Flirsch	Stricts , Pians , Tobadill
Sankt Anton am Arlberg		Fiss
Ischgl	Samnaun (Switzerland)	See and Serfaus

history

13th Century

In the 13th century, the area of ​​the Landeck court , to which the tithing Paznaun (today's municipality of Kappl) also belonged, to the Counts of Ulten and in 1248, after their extinction, to the Counts of Tyrol , who now exercised county authority.

Several acts of war also took place on the soil of today's Kappl municipality: In 1406, the Appenzell people marched into Paznaun from the Zeinisjoch and controlled it until 1408. During the coalition wars , the riflemen had to be ready and guard the crossings.

Before the first permanent residents settled, the alpine pastures in the area of ​​today's Kappl municipality were used as summer pastures. Presumably these were Rhaeto-Romans from the Engadine, who drove their cattle through the Oberpaznaun to the alpine pastures. This can be attested by the Romanesque roots of the name given to the alpine pastures. The settlement of the Unterpaznaunes (sunny side and Frödenegger Berg) took place from the Stanzertal across the Joch crossings, but not through the Gföllschlucht, which was then inaccessible. Wherever the hamlet stands today, there used to be a courtyard. Niederhof
is mentioned as the first settlement in the 2nd half of the 13th century. Kappl is mentioned for the first time in 1370, and Langesthei (spring pasture) also appears for the first time. The Trisanna area belonged to the Engadin people (municipality of Sent) and was given to the local people as a permanent loan for annual interest (first in kind, later money) in 1572 and sold by the municipality of Sent to the residents of Niederhof and Wiese in 1810 . The same process is believed to have occurred in the Vesul area . The division of the individual farms often resulted in four to six farms, which were in turn expanded through clearing. In 1427 Kappl had around 550 and 1754 already 1,850 inhabitants.

16th to 18th century

In 1754 the Landeck court came to the Oberinntal district with its administrative headquarters in Imst . The Dingstätten incorporated into the Landeck court were entrusted with the self-administration of economic community affairs. The Dingstätte Stanzertal coincided roughly with the area of ​​the original parish of Stanz (later Zams ).

In the course of the Counter-Reformation, chapels were built in many hamlets so that the residents could worship near their homes. The area of ​​today's parish Langesthei was administered by the parish Kappl until the 17th century. One reason for the split was the very arduous way to Kappl at the time. For this reason, a church was built by the local residents, which was consecrated in 1698. A chapel previously stood on the site of today's church. The separation from Kappl finally took place in 1700 through the establishment of a curate , which was not tolerated in Kappl without resistance.
Towards the end of the 18th century, as part of the introduction of compulsory schooling, a school was built in Kappl and Langesthei. Around 1800 so-called emergency schools were added in Sinsen, Perpat and Holdernach .

19th century

In 1809 the riflemen had to support the Landecker riflemen and occupy the posts at the Zeinis-Joch and in Gföll-Wiesberg. On November 24, 1809 the Gigglertoblerschlacht took place at the valley entrance. The Paznauners had to fight against a predominance of French and Bavarians. They captured a Bavarian war flag, which is still owned by the Kappl rifle company. This flag, which is now 200 years old, still proudly accompanies the Kappl rifle company during the deployment.

The victory cheers only lasted a few hours, because the next day they learned that Tyrol had been thrown down. General Raglovich, as the Bavarian commander in charge, was extremely gentle with the townspeople because he did not want to provoke any new unrest.

The elevation to the parish took place in the year 1891. Again and again the inhabitants were afflicted by disasters. Avalanches, mudslides, floods, fires, plague and cattle diseases made life difficult for people.

20th century

On May 23, 1915, a company, composed of the parishes of the Paznaune, moved to the southern front under Captain Gottlieb Jehle von Kappl Egg. The Tyrolean riflemen held their positions until the end of the war, but the municipality of Kappl alone had 66 casualties to complain about. After the war there was also very great poverty among the rural population. Rapid inflation made the then wealthy poor and the poor even poorer. In 1938 Austria was annexed to National Socialist Germany. After the outbreak of the Second World War (1939), numerous men from Kappl had to enter, 82 of whom lost their lives.

At the end of April 1945 the German troops came into the valley on their retreat, and on May 6, 1945 the Americans took over the occupation, which were later replaced by French troops.

2005 flood

In August 2005, an unprecedented flood disaster occurred in Paznaun. Over 30% of the streets have been washed away or spilled. For a week, the valley or Kappl could only be reached via an airlift organized by the Austrian Armed Forces.

Population development

Culture and sights

Parish church Kappl

Parish Church of Langesthei

See also:  List of listed objects in Kappl

See also : List of chapels in Paznaun

• Catholic parish church Kappl hl. Antonius der Einsiedler: Very early on there was a chapel in Kappl, which was consecrated to St. Antonius, the hermit, from whom the name comes, "ba'r Kopla" (in written German "near the chapel") in the year 1398 is mentioned for the first time verifiably. In place of this chapel a church was built from 1480 to 1482, first the choir and tower and later the nave. In 1663 this church was enlarged by almost half (consecration in 1666), in 1692 a new helmet was built for the tower. Under the curate Adam Schmid, a new church was built in 1726, which was consecrated in 1734. The builder was Jakob Jehle von Obermahren. Kappl got its own priest in 1422, but that doesn't mean that there was always a priest here in the early days. The curate was established in 1586 and only raised to a parish in 1891. The newly restored parish church consecrated to St. Anthony Abbot: The ceiling painting by Jakob Greil, as well as the figures of the side altars and the pulpit by Andreas Kölle are worth seeing. In the niche of the left nave wall is the marble tomb of the Blessed Curate Adam Schmid by the sculptor Johann Ladner .
• Chapel of the dead and cemetery
• Catholic parish church Langesthei St. Hieronymus: The baroque church St. Hieronymus is located in the parish of Langesthei . Particularly noteworthy are the vault paintings with Baroque ornamentation and picture medallions by Leopold Puellacher (1776–1842).

Rotweg Chapel

• Chapel of the Holy Cross at Bachbödele
• Chapel of the Holy Cross in Hearthstone
• Chapel in picture
• Chapel in Dengenvolk
• Chapel of the Holy Family in Holdernach
• Chapel west of Nederle
• Chapel in Niederhof
• Chapel of the Holy Trinity in the upper house
• Chapel in Obermahren
• Chapel of the Holy Trinity in Perpat
• Rotweg Chapel
• Chapel in Schrofen
• Chapel in Sinsen
• Chapel of St. Martin in Ulmich
• Chapel of St. Maria in Unterbichl
• Chapel in meadow
• Dungeon chapel

In 1760 the local sculptor Johann Ladner created the three life-size wooden figures in this chapel. Two wild soldiers mock Christ who is chained to the pillar of the scourge. The two henchmen are popularly known as "The Kappler Jews". These famous sculptures are also a landmark of Kappl.

• Path chapels at Flung
• Passion cross at courtyards
• Tona's house no. 119: Old Paznaun farmhouse with facade painting from 1631. On the north side Saint Martin, Saint George and Jesus are depicted on the cross, on the front side Saint Antonius of Padua , the risen Christ, Mary with child , as well as coat of arms and shield. The oldest documented farm in the Unterpaznaun was located here.

and display information about the image

View from the Rotweg Chapel to the village opposite

economy

Herding children in Upper Swabia (Photo by Peter Scherer, probably around 1900)

In 1570 it was recorded in an audit report that there were around 550 communicants in Kappl, but otherwise a population who was ignorant of reading and writing. The 500 to 700 inhabitants could feed themselves fairly and poorly from the earlier agriculture alone.

Due to the increase in the population in the 17th century, people were forced to look for work elsewhere, and they went as masons, stonemasons, carpenters or builders to southern Germany and Luxembourg, but also to France and Switzerland.

Initially they belonged to Imst as a side draw, then to Landeck, until they were given their own guild privilege in 1709. This guild gradually declined towards the end of the 18th century and the need for additional work outside the valley remained.

During this time, children also went to southern Germany to work for farmers over the summer in order to be able to earn some money. The Swabian children's migration may have started in the 17th century and reached its climax in the 19th century and stopped completely after the First World War.

After the end of the war an economic upswing set in in all respects - be it in tourism or in the construction industry - so that no one had to look for work outside of the country.

Transport and infrastructure

Mountain station ( 1830  m ) of
the Dias cable car

The valley was opened up in the years 1792 to 1794 with a six-shoe wide cart path, which in the area of ​​the municipality of Kappl from Gföll always ran 100 to 150 meters higher than the Trisanna.
This path was then replaced by the new driveway in the years 1884 to 1887, which runs in the valley right next to the Trisanna and was expanded into a federal road five to six meters wide from the 1950s.

Above Kappl there is a ski area called Dias-Alpe with 40 kilometers of groomed slopes and nine lifts. The cabin cable car from the street on the valley floor below the town center is also in operation in summer.

In the ski area there is also the Alblittkopf, a 2640 meter high mountain.

Personalities

• Johann Ladner (1707–1779), baroque sculptor

Web links

Commons : Kappl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• 70609 - Kappl. Community data, Statistics Austria .
• History-Tyrol: Kappl

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )