Filiberto Lucchese

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Brigittakapelle, 1650/51
Abensperg-Traun Palace, from 1651
Leopoldine wing, Hofburg, 1660–1666
Kremsier Castle, 1665
Am Hof ​​Church, 1658

Filiberto Lucchese , actually Filip Alberto Lucchese , also Luchese (* baptized December 26, 1606 in Melide ; † May 21, 1666 in Vienna ) was an Italian-Swiss builder and geometer . He was the key figure in the architecture of the Vienna court circle in the middle of the 17th century .

life and work

There are no records of the father's profession, Giovanni Luchese. His mother's name was Elisabetta and he had two brothers, Domenico (* 1612) and Giovanni Battista († 1675), and a sister named Maria. Filiberto remained a bachelor and left no heirs.

The apprenticeship and traveling years that were common for his profession and at the time are in the dark. Filiberto's grandfather, Alberto Lucchese , was a builder, but died in the Melide around 1600. Alberto was together with his father, Giovanni the Elder , builder for Archduke Ferdinand II in Innsbruck and previously in Prague .

The exact date of Lucchese's arrival in Austria is unknown. A petition from Luchese in 1657 indicates that he was employed as a military engineer in the service of Emperor Ferdinand III 17 years ago . had occurred. From 1640 on, his artistic activity as a plasterer and architect in Austria can also be traced. In the autumn of 1640 Luchese and his assistants stuccoed the chapel of the castle in Rechnitz , whereby the castle was almost completely destroyed during the fighting of the last days of the war in 1945 and then demolished.

From 1641 to 1650 Lucchese worked for Count Ádám Batthyány and provided the plans for the renovations at Schlaining Castle , for the castle and for the Franciscan monastery in Güssing, and for Bernstein Castle . From 1640 Lucchese worked as an architect and plasterer for the Pálffy family .

The first secured artistic works of Luchese for the imperial court were not buildings, the official duties of an imperial architect in Vienna also included the design of the festive decorations required for the court, such as ephemeral scaffolding ( castrum doloris ).

The first documented, secured building by Filiberto Lucchese in Vienna is the Brigittakapelle . The medieval collegiate church in Lambach was rebuilt from 1652 to 1657 . Although only the church portal has been documented for Lucchese, both the collegiate church and the new wings can be attributed to him for stylistic reasons. Lucchese built the church in Maria Brunn between 1639 and 1655 ; it is one of the first works by the new imperial architect Luchese and was also a foundation of Emperor Ferdinand III. From 1652 Filiberto Lucchese built the Rottal´sche Castle in Holleschau , Moravia for Johann Graf Rottal .

Luchese's authorship of the Palais Abensperg-Traun is documented among the Viennese aristocratic palaces of the 17th century that have survived today only through old illustrations . For stylistic reasons, Luchese can also be credited with the reconstruction of the Abensperg-Traunschen Castle in Petronell . In 1652 Luchese stayed in Linz. In the years 1652–1653 he worked for Gundaker von Liechtenstein on the decoration of the castle and the castle park in Hungarian-Ostra, where he possibly also provided the design for the parish church there. In 1658 Luchese built the facade of the church at the court . After the death of Ferdinand III. In 1657 Luchese was kept in imperial service by his son Leopold I. In 1660, under the direction of the master builders Carl Martin Carlone and Dominico Carlone, the construction of the so-called Leopoldine wing of the Hofburg in Vienna was tackled as a first step towards a generous Baroque style of the imperial residence, which was then unrepresentative. The construction work lasted until 1666, in 1668 the wing burned out and was then restored and extended under the supervision of the imperial architect Giovanni Pietro Tencalla . The risk-free outer front of the Leopoldine wing with its considerable length of twenty-nine axes, however, also bears the characteristic facade texture of Filiberto Lucchees, despite the current unified paint scheme.

Of the sacred baroque buildings in Vienna that can be associated with the name Luchese on the basis of stylistic considerations, the Schottenkirche and the Servitenkirche should also be mentioned here. At the end of his career, Luchese won an important client - Karl Eusebius von Liechtenstein , who himself wrote works on art theory and comes from the following saying: "Money is only to leave behind beautiful monuments for an everlasting and immortal memory". In 1664 Karl von Liechtenstein was elected Bishop of Olomouc . In 1665, Lucchese presented plans for the conversion of the residence to Kremsier for Liechtenstein . Even before his death, Luchese delivered plans for the Prague palace of Count Johann Humprecht Czernin at the request of his builder in 1666 , but these have unfortunately been lost.

The Palais Czernin should have been Luchese's last work. On May 21, 1666, the imperial court engineer died in Vienna at the age of 60 of a raging fever. After his death was Giovanni Pietro Tencalla the office of court architect .

Works

Lucchese and the Imperial Quarry

In imperial quarry on Leithaberg with the hard Kaiserstein worked his countrymen, the Magistri Comacini # Renaissance, Mannerism, Baroque north of the Alps .

In the contract of January 11, 1648 between Your Reverend and Grace Mr. Rudolphen , of the Closterneuburg Monastery an ainem, then Pietro Maino Maderno , master stonemason. Signature with seal of (extracts): Rudolph, Probst zu Closterneuburg; Johann Jacob Pock citizen and master stonemason in Vienna; Philiberto Lucchese, citizen and master builder in Vienna; Pietro Maino Maderno.
  • Reconstruction of Petronell Castle
Luchese's authorship of the Palais Abensperg-Traun is documented among the Viennese aristocratic palaces of the 17th century that have survived today only through old illustrations . For stylistic reasons, Luchese can also be credited with the reconstruction of the Abensperg-Traunschen Castle in Petronell . The stone carvings were carried out by the brothers Ambrosius and Giorgio Regondi , both master stonemasons.
In 1658 the widow of Emperor Ferdinand III. , Eleonora Gonzaga , to give the Jesuit church at the court a new facade. Filiberto applied for this project to integrate the facade into the existing buildings on Am Hof ​​square. Master Johann Lorentisch organized the stone carving .
  • Leopoldine wing of the Hofburg
According to Lucchese's plans, the Leopoldine wing of the Hofburg was built in 1660–1666 (fire in 1668). Master Ambrosius Ferrethi directed the stone carving .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Kalina: The Brigittakapelle in Vienna 20 (1650/51). "... in capella a nobis nuper in sylva Thaber inter pontes Danuby extructa ..." , in: Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Austrian magazine for the preservation of art and monuments. LIX, 2005, issue 3/4, p. 247.
  2. ↑ Hellmut Lorenz : Baroque. In: Hermann Fillitz (Hrsg.): History of the fine arts in Austria. Volume 4, Vienna 1999, pp. 564-567.
  3. ↑ Thomas da Costa Kaufmann: Courtyards, monasteries and cities. Art and culture in Central Europe 1450-1800. Cologne 1998, p. 303.
  4. ^ Victor Fleischer: Prince Karl Eusebius von Liechtenstein as builder and art collector (1611-1684). Vienna 1910, p. 15, in: Gerald Schöpfer (Ed.): Klar & Fest. History of the House of Liechtenstein. In: Series of publications by the Working Group for Economic and Social History. Special volume 2, Graz 1996, p. 51.
  5. ↑ Documented in: Helmuth Furch , Historisches Lexikon Kaisersteinbruch. Volume 2 I – Z, Index Lucchese Philiberto, Museum and Culture Association Kaisersteinbruch , Bruckneudorf-Kaisersteinbruch 2004.
  6. ^ Historical lexicon Kaisersteinbruch. Volume 2 I-Z. PDF.
personal data
SURNAME Lucchese, Filiberto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lucchese, Filip Alberto; Luchese, Filiberto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian builder and surveyor
DATE OF BIRTH baptized December 26, 1606
PLACE OF BIRTH Melide TI
DATE OF DEATH May 21, 1666
Place of death Vienna