Philosophical-theological college
Philosophical-theological university (PTH for short) is the name given to a university in the German-speaking area that is supported by the Catholic Church or a religious order and primarily serves to train theologians and pastoral workers.
Emergence
In 1923 the state high schools were officially given the name "philosophical college" or "philosophical-theological college", which had been used for a long time. The adjectives “philosophical-theological” were chosen because the study of Catholic theology was traditionally divided into two parts according to the scholastic idea. It consisted of the actual theology course and an upstream separate basic philosophical course . These universities trained the clergy, like the lycees before, without the right to award doctorates or habilitation . The conformity measures implemented by the National Socialists from 1933 onwards initially had little success at the philosophical-theological universities, despite massive repression. But in the winter semester of 1939/40 the philosophical-theological universities were closed.
After the war in 1945 , the philosophical and theological colleges were reopened.
task
Originally, they were supposed to relieve the seminaries with regard to the study of theology , so that in the seminar the practical-pastoral aspect is more in the foreground. Today they are academic universities especially for the study of Catholic theology and religious education .
Locations
Philosophical-theological universities are specific to the German-speaking area.
Germany
- Sankt Augustin : The PTH St. Augustin of the Steyler Missionaries trained the SVD youngsters as well as external men and women. it was taken over by the Archdiocese of Cologne on February 1, 2020 and is now called the Cologne University of Catholic Theology (KHKT) - St. Augustin .
- Fulda : The Philosophical-Theological University of Fulda , supported by the Diocese of Fulda , was elevated to the Fulda Theological Faculty and renamed accordingly.
- Münster : The PTH Münster was created through the amalgamation of the PTH of the Capuchins and the Franciscans.
- Frankfurt am Main : The PTH Sankt Georgen is supported by the Jesuit order and several dioceses.
- Königstein im Taunus : The PTH existed from 1949 to 1979.
- Trier : The PTH there was elevated to a theological faculty and accordingly renamed the Trier Theological Faculty .
- Vallendar : The Pallottines train their offspring in the PTH Vallendar .
Austria
- Linz : The of the Diocese of Linz carried PTH Linz was established in 2000 to Theology Catholic Private University Linz collected and renamed accordingly.
- Mödling : This PTH, which was originally carried by the Steyler missionaries , was recently dissolved due to a lack of new members.
- St. Pölten : The diocese of St. Pölten trains its clergy and pastoral workers in the PTH St. Pölten .
- Heiligenkreuz Abbey near Vienna : The traditional Philosophical-Theological College Benedict XVI. is worn by the Cistercians .
South-Tirol
- Brixen : In the PTH Brixen the diocese of Bozen- Brixen trains its own priests and theological staff. Because of the situation in South Tyrol , the course is bilingual, in German and Italian.
Switzerland
In the German-speaking part of Switzerland there are also philosophical-theological universities, but they are not called exactly like this:
- Chur : Theological University of Chur
- Einsiedeln Monastery : Theological school of the Benedictines, which is not a public Catholic theological faculty, but has the status of a seminary. However, it is affiliated with the International Benedictine College in Rome , the Pontificio Ateneo S. Anselmo , so that clergymen can take a diploma examination there.
- Lugano : The Lugano Theological Faculty ( Facoltà di Teologia di Lugano ) has existed there as an independent PTH since 1992, but has been located in the premises of the local university for some time.
Situation in Bavaria
After the Second World War, the philosophical-theological universities in Bavaria were supposed to relieve the partially destroyed state universities in Munich , Würzburg and Erlangen . In the course of the educational reforms of the 1970s, almost all philosophical-theological universities in Bavaria were either closed or upgraded to universities .
Since the closure of the PTH Benediktbeuern there has been no more philosophical-theological university in Bavaria.
Former philosophical-theological universities
- Augsburg - founded in 1834 as a secondary school, 1923 Humanities University in St. Stephan , 1969 lecture ceased operations in 1971 in favor of the newly constructed Theological Catholic Faculty of the University of Augsburg dissolved
- Bamberg - founded in 1803 as a lyceum, 1923 philosophical-theological college, 1972 University of Bamberg
- Dillingen - founded in 1551 as a university , 1803 lyceum, 1923 Philosophical-Theological University Dillingen , dissolved in 1971 in favor of the newly established Catholic-Theological Faculty of the University of Augsburg
- Eichstätt - founded in 1564 as a Tridentine seminary, 1774 lyceum, 1924 philosophical-theological university, 1972 ecclesiastical comprehensive university Eichstätt, 1980 catholic university Eichstätt-Ingolstadt
- Erfurt established in 1952 as part of the seminary of Erfurt, in 1999 renamed the Faculty of Theology of Erfurt, 2003 Theological Catholic in favor of the newly established Faculty of - University of Erfurt dissolved
- Freising - laid in 1834 as a lyceum from Landshut to Freising, 1923 philosophical-theological college Freising , 1969 Theological Catholic in favor of the newly established Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich dissolved
- Hildesheim - founded in 1834 as a "Philosophical-Theological School", closed in 1873 during the Kulturkampf
- Königstein im Taunus - official establishment on April 29, 1949 as an independent Catholic university, cessation of teaching on February 15, 1978
- Passau - founded in 1803 as a lyceum, 1923 philosophical-theological college, 1978 University of Passau
- Regensburg - founded in 1809 as a lyceum, 1923 Philosophical-Theological University of Regensburg , 1962 University of Regensburg
literature
- Manfred Baldus : The philosophical-theological universities in the Federal Republic of Germany. History and current legal status. Berlin 1965, published by de Gruyter.
- Ingo Schröder: The state philosophical-theological universities in Bavaria from 1923 to 1978. Munich 2004.