Ramsbeck

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Ramsbeck
Bestwig municipality
Coat of arms of Ramsbeck
Coordinates: 51 ° 18 ′ 33 ″  N , 8 ° 24 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 366 m
Residents : 1493  (June 30, 2012)
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 59909
Aerial photo (2013)
Aerial photo (2013)
View of Ramsbeck
Place view

Ramsbeck is a district of the municipality of Bestwig , North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and is located in the Valmetal . On June 30, 2012, Ramsbeck had 1,493 inhabitants. The place was characterized by lead and zinc mining from the middle of the 19th century to the second half of the 20th century. Today it is a state-approved resort.

history

Ramsbeck probably originated in the 9th or 10th century. The place was first mentioned in a document in the second half of the 14th century. Randsbeke (Ramsbeck) is mentioned under the Curtis Wedestapel (main courtyard Wehrstapel ).

Administrative history

The municipality of Ramsbeck was newly formed between 1858 and 1871 from parts of the municipality of Velmede . On April 1, 1910, Berlar was incorporated. Parts of the communities of Gevelinghausen and Heringhausen were also incorporated. During the communal territorial reform on January 1, 1975, the community came to the newly formed community of Bestwig, up to 0.07 km², which had been given to the newly formed town of Olsberg.

View of the cooperative housing estate in Ramsbeck

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Ramsbeck
Blazon

A continuous black cross in silver, covered with gold-stalked black mallets and irons attached to the St. Andrew's cross.

description

The black cross and silver as the basic color are an expression of the earlier membership in the Electorate of Cologne. Mallets and irons symbolize the local ore mining. The coat of arms was officially approved on March 24, 1949.

Mining

→ See also: Mining in the Sauerland

Ramsbeck ore mine

The first archaeological traces of mining near Ramsbeck date from 10/11. Century. The historical sources do not start until the 16th century. However, it did not take off until the middle of the 19th century. Until then, Ramsbeck was a small hamlet consisting of nine farms and a few cottages.

The Ramsbeck trade union made the first steps towards an upturn in mining . The plan to make Ramsbeck the largest industrial complex for metal extraction at the time led to the expansion of the operating facilities, pits and smelting works by the Stolberger Aktiengesellschaft für Bergbau, lead and zinc production in 1854 . If the number of employees was already 453 in 1853, it was planned to increase this to 1,800. Experienced miners were recruited in the Ore Mountains and the Kingdom of Saxony . The mining company built one of the first miners' settlements in what is now North Rhine-Westphalia . In addition to new buildings in the main town, several colonies such as Andreasberg and Heinrichsdorf were created. In the first two years 17 houses with a total of 70 apartments were built in Ramsbeck, 35 buildings with 140 apartments in Andreasberg and 9 houses with 30 apartments in Heinrichsdorf. Apartments were also built in some villages in the area.

The standardized houses in Andreasberg were single-story group buildings with a floor area of ​​30.20 m × 8.56 m. Initially, it was a lightweight half-timbered structure that was not up to the weather and soon had to be renovated.

The crisis of the mining company and the failure of large-scale plans shortly after it was founded led to the emigration of numerous miners. This made apartments available. As a result, the living space was significantly increased by merging apartments. In addition, stables for keeping goats and other livestock were built.

Even if the population fluctuated depending on the mining industry, Ramsbeck was one of the most densely populated parts of the Sauerland for a long time. The apartments remained in factory ownership until 1952 and only then became the property of the previous tenants. In addition to the mining company's houses, only a few private buildings had been built.

Mining stopped in 1975. After that, Ramsbeck developed from an industrial settlement to a resort.

  • Entrance to the ore mine

  • Waschkaue ore mine

  • Locomotive for transporting ore

  • Ramsbeck winding tower

religion

With the immigration of miners in the 19th century, numerous Protestants also came to the otherwise Catholic region. One of the first Protestant congregations arose there in the former Sauerland region of Cologne. Shortly after the construction of the miners' houses , August Friedrich Georg Disselhoff worked as an assistant preacher in Ramsbeck in 1855 . In Ramsbeck there is the Yeni Dami mosque .

Attractions

One attraction is the Sauerland visitor mine , which is now a mining museum and a visitor mine. Many sights are on the 8 kilometer long mining trail around Ramsbeck. The exhaust chimney on the Bastenberg is a landmark of the place.

In the leisure area, the Fort Fun Adventure Land , which is about 4.5 kilometers from the center, is an attraction.

The old grain mill Ramsbeck was first mentioned in 1603, and then in 1685. It was operated with water power, was produced u. a. Flour, semolina, grist and bran from different grains. In addition, after the Second World War, wood was temporarily sawed and an oil mill was operated at times. Today it is operated as a foam mill and can be booked for guided tours.

The second oldest building in the village is the Junkern Hof from 1744.

The Plästerlegge is the highest natural waterfall in North Rhine-Westphalia.

→ See also: List of architectural monuments in Bestwig , List of ground monuments in Bestwig

  • The old grain mill Ramsbeck

  • Ramsbeck grain mill before restoration

  • Junkern Hof from 1744

  • Entrance to Fort Fun Adventure Land

  • Plästerlegge, general view

Honorary citizen

  • Wilhelmine Lübke (* May 9, 1885 in Ramsbeck; † May 3, 1981 in Bonn ), born in Ramsbeck and wife of Federal President Heinrich Lübke , became an honorary citizen of the community in 1964

people

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Werner Adolph Schupmann (born March 19, 1815 in Borgholz, † March 16, 1879 in Ramsbeck) was the first pastor in Ramsbeck.
  • Hans Max Philipp von Beust (* May 25, 1820 Moderwitz; † 1889) was operations and factory director in Ramsbeck at the time of the mining boom in the 1850s.
  • August Disselhoff (born November 25, 1829 in Soest; † March 9, 1903 in Allstedt) was a Protestant clergyman and assistant preacher in the community of Ramsbeck-Andreasberg from 1855.
  • Wilhelm Seel (born August 15, 1816 in Siegen, † August 15, 1875 in Ramsbeck) was the mining and steel works director in Ramsbeck.
  • Carl Haber (born January 8, 1833 in Worbis, † May 17, 1914 in Bonn) was the mining and steel works director in Ramsbeck.

literature

  • Reinhard Köhne: The industrial settlements in the Ramsbeck Bergland. In: Günther Becker (Ed.): Sauerland-Siegerland-Wittgensteiner Land. Annual meeting of the Geographical Commission in Olpe 1989. Münster 1989, DNB 900153032 , pp. 101–111.
  • Martin Strasbourg: Archeology of the Ramsbeck mining. In: Reinhard Köhne, Wilfried Reininghaus, Thomas Stöllner (eds.): Mining in the Sauerland. Westphalian mining in Roman times and in the early Middle Ages. Münster 2006, ISBN 3-928052-12-8 , pp. 58–82. (= Writings of the Historical Commission for Westphalia, 20.)
  • Martin Straßburger: Archeology and history of the Ramsbeck mining from the Middle Ages to 1854. In: The cut. 59th year 2007, issue 6, pp. 182–190.
  • Josef Hollmann: Ramsbeck. Pictures from the life of a parish in the Sauerland (1761-1961). Ramsbeck 1961, DNB 452085101 .

Web links

Commons : Ramsbeck  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Municipality of Bestwig: Brochure information of the municipality of Bestwig , edition 2012, page 37.
  2. ↑ Engelbert Prein: Ramsbeck from yesterday to today. Ramsbeck 1982.
  3. ↑ Manorial rule of the Meschede Monastery in the Middle Ages ( Memento of October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 326 kB)
  4. ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 274 .
  5. ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X .
  6. ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1986, ISBN 3-87793-017-4 , p. 178.
  7. ↑ Förderverein Sauerländer Visitor Mine Bestwig - Mining Trail around Ramsbeck (PDF) ( Memento of the original from June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / foerderverein-sauerlaender-besucherbergwerk.de
  8. ↑ Ramsbeck grain mill
  9. ↑ Home was refuge: Wilhelmine Lübke †. ( Memento of the original from May 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Sauerland. June 1981, p. 48. (PDF; 3.2 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sauerlaender-heimatbund.de